ac 1.1

Question 1

what is the social definition of crime?

Answer 1

crime that is a label from social interactions which usually are a wrongdoing against the community.

Question 2

what is the legal definition crime?

Answer 2

in our system a criminal act must have an actus reus and a men’s rea. in a society it is the legal system that defines a crime.

Question 3

what is an actus reus?

Answer 3

a guilty act e.g act of shooting

Question 4

what is a men’s rea?

Answer 4

a guilty mind of committing a crime e.g intentions to kill

Question 5

what are the 3 exceptions when someone has both actus reus and men’s rea when it comes to legal defences?

Answer 5

1) insanity 2) self defence 3) a break in the chain of causation

Question 6

exam tip!!!

Answer 6

convey the idea that crime is not a straight forward word to define!

Question 7

what is a probation order?

Answer 7

an agreement between you and the court regarding your future conduct, this can be made between 6m and 3y

Question 8

what is a combination order?

Answer 8

sentences given that combine a probation order and community service order

Question 9

what is indictment?

Answer 9

a formal charge or accusation of a serious crime

Question 10

what are some formal sanctions for criminal acts?

Answer 10

probation orders, combination order, indictment, custodial sentences, community service

Question 11

what is a custodial sentence?

Answer 11

a sentence imposing a punishment consisting of mandatory custody of the convict.

Question 12

what is community service?

Answer 12

unpaid work performed by a person or group of people for the benefit and betterment of their community.

Question 13

what are fines?

Answer 13

a penalty that requires the convicted person to pay the public a sum of money after an offence has been committed.

Question 14

what is discharge as a court sanction?

Answer 14

the person that s released from court without any further actions but still get a criminal record.

Question 15

what are the four court sanctions?

Answer 15

custodial sentence, community service, fines, discharge

Question 16

what are the three non-court sanctions?

Answer 16

cautions, conditional cautions, penalty notices

Question 17

what are cautions?

Answer 17

a formal warning that is given to a person who has committed a crime.

Question 18

what are conditional cautions?

Answer 18

a prosecution led tool where a person admits the offence and agrees to abide certain conditions in return not being prosecuted.

Question 19

what is deviance?

Answer 19

any violation of what society considers acceptable behaviour. it can range from something minor (throwing litter out a car window) to something serious (going naked in public places). Deviance is also behaviours that go against the dominant social norms, values and moral codes in a society.

Question 20

what are social norms and give an example.

Answer 20

social expectations that guide behaviour and explain why people act in the way they do e.g wearing dark and sombre colours to a funeral.

Question 21

what are social values and give an example.

Answer 21

rules shared by most people in a given culture, they are more of a guideline and not everyone follows them e.g most people feel like they should respect the elderly.

Question 22

what are social mores (moral codes) and give an example.

Answer 22

morals or a good way of behaving, it is mostly your own way that you perceive behaviours e.g animal abuse.

Question 23

what are the three forms of deviance?

Answer 23

admired, odd and bad

Question 24

what is the formal sanctions against deviance?

Answer 24

if someone commits a deviant act and it goes to the government they will sanction them as deserved e.g imprisonment, fines

Question 25

what is the informal sanction against deviance?

Answer 25

a punishment inflicted by society and the community around you e.g name calling, grounding by parents, getting told off by a teacher

Question 26

what are some similarities between crime and deviance?

Answer 26

1- they both change with time, laws change depending on societies norms
2- if you commit a crime or a deviant act society views you differently
3-crimes are determined to keep the world safe and deviance keeps people being hated against

Question 27

what are some differences between crime and deviance?

Answer 27

1- crime have written rules and goes against the law but deviance is only guidelines that society sets
2-you can get serious punishment for committing a crime but for deviance you are only seen different.
3-crime includes formal sanctions but deviance is informal sanctions