Abx Indications

Question 1

Name the classes of antibiotics (& examples) used against infections caused by atypicals.

Answer 1

1) Tetracyclines (tetracycline, doxycycline & minocycline)

2) Macrolides (erythromycin, clarithryomycin & azithromycin)

Question 2

Which antibiotic(s) is/are used to treat CDAD?

Answer 2

Vancomycin & Metronidazole

Question 3

List the antibiotics used to treat anaerobic infections.

Answer 3

1) piperacillin + tazobactam
2) carbapenems (imipenem + cilastatin, meropenem & ertapenem)
3) clindamycin
4) metronidazole

Question 4

Name the antibiotic used to treat C. perfringen infection.

Answer 4

Clindamycin

Question 5

Which of the following aminoglycosides is preferred to be used alongside piperacillin + tazobactam for the treatment of P. aeruginosa infection?

Answer 5

Tobramycin

Question 6

Which of the following bacterial cell wall synthesis inhibitors are active against Pseudomonas aeruginosa?

Answer 6

1) Anti-Pseudomonal Penicillins (piperacillin + tazobactam)
2) Cephalosporins (ceftazidime [3rd], cefepime [4th] & ceftobiprole [5th])
3) Carbapenems (imipenem + cilastatin & meropenem)
4) Monobactam (aztreonam)
5) Fosfomycin

Question 7

Which of the following bacterial protein synthesis inhibitors are active against Pseudomonas aeruginosa?

Answer 7

Aminoglycosides (gentamicin, tobramycin & amikacin)

Question 8

List the classes of antibiotics that are active against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Answer 8

1) Anti-Pseudomonas Penicillins (piperacillin + tazobactam)
2) Cephalosporins (ceftazidime, cefepime & ceftobiprole)
3) Carbapenems (imipenem + cilastatin & meropenem)
4) Monobactam (aztreonam)
5) Aminoglycosides (gentamicin, tobramycin, amikacin)
6) Fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin & levofloxacin)
7) Polymyxins (Colistin [Polymyxin E] & Polymyxin B)
8) Fosfomycin

Question 9

Which of the following bacterial cell wall synthesis inhibitors are active against methicillin-resistant S. aureus?

Answer 9

1) Ceftaroline
2) Ceftobiprole
3) Vancomycin

Question 10

Which of the following bacterial protein synthesis inhibitors are active against methicillin-resistant S. aureus?

Answer 10

1) Tetracyclines (tetracycline, doxycycline & minocycline)
2) Tigecycline
3) Clindamycin
4) Linezolid

Question 11

List the classes of antibiotics that are active against methicillin-resistant S. aureus.

Answer 11

1) 5th Gen Cephalosporins (ceftaroline & ceftobiprole)
2) Glycopeptides (vancomycin)
3) Tetracyclines (tetracycline, doxycycline & minocycline)
4) Glycylcyclines (tigecycline)
5) Clindamycin
6) Linezolid
7) Cotrimoxazole (trimethoprim + sulfamethoxazole)

Question 12

Which antibiotics are active against ESBL-resistant Enterobacteriaceae?

Answer 12

Tigecycline

Question 13

Which classes of antibiotics are primarily active against gram-positive microorganisms?

Answer 13

1) Penicillinase-resistant Penicillins (cloxacillin & flucloxacillin)
2) 1st Gen Cephalosporins (cephalexin & cefazolin)
3) Glycopeptides (vancomycin)
4) Linezolid

Question 14

Which classes of antibiotics are primarily active against aerobic gram-negative microorganisms?

Answer 14

1) 2nd Gen Cephalosporins (cefuroxime)
2) Monobactam (aztreonam)
3) Aminoglycosides (gentamicin, tobramycin, amikacin, neomycin)
4) Polymyxins (colistin [polymyxin E] & polymyxin B)

Question 15

Which of the following antibiotics can be used in the treatment of H. pylori infection?

Answer 15

1) Clarithromycin
2) Azithromycin
3) Metronidazole

Question 16

Which of the following antibiotics can be used in the treatment of a woman of reproductive age diagnosed with an uncomplicated UTI?

Answer 16

1) Nitrofuratoin

2) Cotrimoxazole

Question 17

Which of the following antibiotics can be used in the treatment of a pregnant woman diagnosed with an uncomplicated UTI?

Answer 17

1) Amoxicillin + clavulanate

2) Cefazolin

Question 18

Which of the following antibiotic(s) is/are used in nosocomial infections?

Answer 18

1) Anti-Pseudomonas Penicillins (piperacillin + tazobactam)
2) Carbapenems
3) Aminoglycosides (for empiric therapy)
4) Fosfomycin (in combination with other Abx)