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Summer 2 > Abuse > Flashcards

Abuse Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 “stressors?”

A
  • Care-giving
  • Loss and grief
  • Role loss and acquisition
  • Social status
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2
Q

What are the 3 “mediators?”

A
  • Self-efficacy beliefs
  • Coping strategies
  • Social involvement
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3
Q

What are the 3 “moderators?”

A
  • Social networks
  • Spiritual or religious involvement
  • Healthy behavior
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4
Q

Which type of stressor?

  • May be health-related (e.g., the pain and mobility limitation of arthritis)
  • May be psychologic (e.g., the prolonged worry over a chronically-ill spouse)
A

Chronic

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5
Q

Which type of stressor?

  • May be health-related (e.g., learning of a newly diagnosed medical condition)
  • May be psychologic (e.g., experiencing the unexpected death of a close friend)
A

Acute onset

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6
Q

These 2 stressors are related to what?

  • Due to role loss in retirement
  • The need to move to a more supportive living arrangement
A

Changes in social identity

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7
Q

Care-giving doubles the risk of what?

A

Adverse physical & mental health outcomes & odds of taking psychotropic medications.

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8
Q

3 important components of caregivers dealing w/ stressors

A
  • Education
  • Counseling
  • Cognitive behavioral therapy
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9
Q

What are 3 factors associated in the US w/ negative psychosocial & physical outcomes?

A
  • Race other than white
  • Female gender
  • Being poor or poorly educated
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10
Q

Treatment of stressors may need to include or rely principally on what?

A

Culturally specific option

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11
Q

What is this?

  • Internal/External resources a person can bring to:
    • assess/interpret a stressor
    • assess his/her capacities for addressing a stressor
    • formulate a coping response
A

Mediators

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12
Q

Mediators are often modifiable through what 2 interventions?

A
  • Psychoeducation
  • Family counseling
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13
Q

Mediators: Self Efficacy Beliefs

  • Sense of one’s own ability to manage situations
  • Strong self-efficacy beliefs are related to many important positive health & mental health outcomes
  • Weak self efficacy beliefs are associated w/ what?
A

Declines in functional status (especially decreased physical performance) **

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14
Q

What leads to these results?

  • Buffer the effects of stress on physical and mental health
  • Contribute to overall physical performance, independently of ability
  • Help maintain good function
  • Slow functional decline among people with poor physical performance
  • Contribute to good choice-making, good performance, and persistence of effort (especially in women)
  • Contribute to increased productivity
A

Strong Self Efficacy Beliefs (Mediators)

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15
Q

What are 4 strategies for strengthening self efficacy beliefs?

A

•Performance accomplishment—success in a series of increasingly difficult tasks

•Vicarious learning and social modeling—seeing others like oneself succeed in a targeted area

•Encouragement—being persuaded to undertake a targeted activity

•Reinforcement—experiencing pleasure from success

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16
Q

What is this?

•Cultivating an emotional response to a stressor can mediate its effect and produce a better outcome

•Invoking confidence and optimism in the face of bad news helps a person meet the challenge, strengthens the likelihood of positive outcome

A

Mediators: coping strategies

17
Q

What are the 3 steps to common coping strategy?

A
  • Selection: •As people age, they select activities based on what they already do well
  • Optimization:•They do the selected activities more often and derive optimal credit for doing them
  • Compensation: •As performance diminishes, they employ compensatory strategies to put remaining capacities in the best light possible
18
Q

Social Involvement: (what is this)

  • Is disengagement from social involvement as people age normal?
  • What disorder is associated w/ this?
A

Mediators

  • Older theories saw it as normal, current thinking states it is not encouraged/abnormal
  • Depression (an affective disorder)
19
Q

What is this?

  • Behaviors or components of a person’s life that affect the demands of stressors
  • May be in place before the onset of a stressor or may be developed in response to it
A

Moderators **

20
Q

What are the 3 major types of moderators?

A
  • Social involvement
  • Spiritual or religious activity
  • Engaging in healthy lifestyle behaviors

Summer 2 (8 decks)

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