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Chemistry > ABS > Flashcards

ABS Flashcards

1
Q

nitrates (NO₃⁻)

A

soluble

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2
Q

chlorides (Cl⁻)

A

soluble (except Ag⁺, Pb²⁺)

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3
Q

sulphates (SO₄²⁻)

A

soluble (except Ba²⁺, Ca²⁺, Pb²⁺)

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4
Q

carbonates (CO₃²⁻)

A

insoluble (Na⁺, K⁺, NH₄⁺)

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5
Q

hydroxides (OH⁻)

A

insoluble (Na⁺, K⁺, NH₄⁺) (Ca(OH)₂)

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6
Q

neutralisation reaction

A

H⁺ + OH⁻ -> H₂O

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7
Q

insoluble product

A

precipitation

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8
Q

soluble product (except Na⁺, K⁺, NH₄⁺)

A

insoluble base + salt

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9
Q

Na⁺, K⁺, NH₄⁺ product

A

titration

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10
Q

Na⁺, K⁺, NH₄⁺

A

soluble

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11
Q

insoluble base + acid

acid + base -> salt + H₂O

A 
add excess base to acid
filter
heat until saturated
crystallise
wash with distilled H₂O
filter
dry (pat/warm oven)
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12
Q

titration

acid + alkali -> salt + H₂O

A

ass alkali and indicator to conical
titrate acid until end point (colour change)
repeat until 3+ concordant results (within 20cm³)
repeat with average titre without indicator
heat, crystallise, wash, filter, dry

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13
Q

precipitation

salt + salt -> insoluble salt (precipitate) + salt

A

add together
filter
wash
dry

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14
Q

litmus paper

A

acid: red
alkali: blue

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15
Q

phenolphthalein

A

acid: colourless
alkali: pink

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16
Q

methyl orange

A

acid: red
alkali: yellow

17
Q

acids

A 
proton donors 
(aqueous source of H⁺)
18
Q

bases (metal oxides, metal hydroxides, ammonia)

A

proton acceptors

19
Q

alkali

A

aqueous source of OH⁻

soluble bases

20
Q

strong acid

A

0-3

21
Q

weak acid

A

4-6

22
Q

neutral

A

7

23
Q

weak alkali

A

8-10

24
Q

strong alkali

A

11-14

Chemistry (7 decks)

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