Abrahamic Religions + Medieval Period - CH4 Flashcards
Monotheism
believing in 1 god
Jesus of Nazareth
*Christos was named Christ after he died.
*Baptism: a new beginning
*Death: new faith
Chi-Ro
Edict of Milan
313 AD all religions are legal
Edict of Thessalonica
380AD - Christianity is only legal
Council of Nicaea
Sarcophagus of Junius Bassus
Depicts 10 stories of bible
Emperor Justinian and his Courtiers
Empress Theodora and Retinue
Hagia Sophia, Constantinople
Central plan (consists of dome)
Muhammad
He was born in Mecca and how he became Muslim was that an Islam belief says that an angel appeared to him and told him to spread the word of god. Him and his followers go on many journeys to spread the news and Muhammad becomes a prophet. His messages went into the Qu’ran.
Qur’an
Holy book of Muslims. God’s revealed word. Came about in late Antiquity. Basis of Classical Arabic. Supreme authority in Islam. Fundamental and paramount source of the creed, rituals, ethics, and laws of Islamic religion. Spread the Arabic language. Followers wrote down verses, 29 scribes.
Dome of the Rock
It is an Islamic shrine located on the Temple Mount in the Old City of Jerusalem
St. Augustine
Augustine of Hippo, Neoplatoism: brought new ideas to calthoic faith, “The good” (god) greek ideals imposed to. Originalism. City of God: Alaric invaded city of Rome but Christians didn’t lose anything because they live for city of god not Rome. rationality is a disease.
Monasticism
St. Benedict: monks (prayed to god/studied bible) valued life- Chasity, poverty (didn’t save money), obedience. Centers of learning: guardians of knowledge, monks could read.
Feudalism
a social system that existed in Europe during the Middle Ages in which people worked and fought for nobles who gave them protection and the use of land in return.
Charlemagne
Carl Digrosa- Carl the Great. Leader of the Franks. Goes to pope & asks to be crowned as emperor & he says yes so he can be protected. Converts everyone to Christianity, spread it to the North. C realized writing is necessary for order (Latin) so Rome was strong.
Bayeux Tapestry
1066 battle of hasting, Long linen cloth 231 ft, Influenced by Trajan’s column, Didactic art, Christianity changed art to this style
Song of Roland
Oral literature, oldest work of epic poetry (performed w music/sung). Old French. Battle of roncevaux. The great knight roland is doing battle w morris (muslim) Roland was put in charge & charlamange left to settle a religion problem & Ganelon was mad because he belives hes more experienced than Roland. Ganelon betrays Roland and tells their position to the opponenet, they next day Roland wakes up surrounded and the entire army is dead. Feudal and Christian values = Roland didn’t surrender because he was a loyal solider
Great Mosque of Cordoba
Court of the Lions, Alhambra
“Arabesque”
Romanesque vs. Gothic Architecture
Romanesque: Rounded Arches, Vaulted Ceiling, Thick Walls buttresses, High Windows.
Gothic : Pointed Arches, Ribbed Vaults, Flying Buttresses, Stained Glass
St. Thomas Aquinas
Synthesis ideas of Christianity and Greek philosophy. 2 types of revelation: Faith & Reason. (rationality- logos- order) = god (reason will get you closer to god). Opposite of St. Augustine (he said rationality is a disease). Wrote summa theological: “reason doesn’t destroy faith but perfects it” (uses Greek artisan philosophy to PROVE/support existence of god. God revels himself- nature leads to god, “reason is the voice of god”
Guido d’Arezzo
Vatican (seat of the pope, center piece of catholic church), Solmization: ut, re, mi, fa, sol, la. Medieval music. Guidonia hand (gave pitches names). Staff: standardized the lines on a music, celf set the tone F or C. Religious music was passed down.
