ABPS EM Flash Cards
Hemophilia A
- What factor deficiency?
- If bleeding, what is treatment?
Hemophilia A
- What factor deficiency? Factor 8 deficiency
- If bleeding, what is treatment? Treat with Factor 8
Coumadin (Warfarin) use in post partum period
- What day to start?
- How to bridge?
- Safe in breastfeeding?
Coumadin (Warfarin) use in post partum period
- Start Coumadin on day 2
- Bridge with heparin until INR is 2-3
- Safe in breastfeeding
Novel anticoagulants (NOAC) and Factor Xa, which can be used with renal issues?
Warfarin (coumadin) and apixaban (eliquis) can be used in CKD and ESRD
Management for bleeding patient on Apixaban (Eliquis) or Xarelto (Rivaroxaban)
Management for bleeding patient on Apixaban (Eliquis) or Xarelto (Rivaroxaban)
- Factor X
SPINAL SYNDROMES: Brown Sequard
- Damage location
- SSx
SPINAL SYNDROMES: Brown Sequard
- Damage location: Hemi-section of spinal cord. UMN of CST, dorsal columns STT
- SSx:
- Ipsilateral Paralysis and loss of proprioception of same side of injury
- Contralateral Loss of pain and temperature
SPINAL SYNDROMES: Anterior Cord
- Damage location
- Caused by
- SSx
SPINAL SYNDROMES: Anterior Cord
- Damage location: Anterior 2/3 of spinal cord
- Caused by: Compression of anterior spinal artery
- Ass with burst fx or acute disc herniation or spinal artery occlusion, severe flexion
injury
- SSx
- Motor paralysis below the level of the lesion
- Loss of pain and temperature below AND at the level of the lesion
SPINAL SYNDROMES: Central Cord
- Damage location
- MCC
- SSx
SPINAL SYNDROMES: Central Cord
- Damage location: Incomplete spinal cord injury
- MCC: Hyperextension injury
- SSx
- Weakness in UE and LE (weakness is more UE than LE)
- Bladder dysfunction
- Loss of pain and temperature sensation at side of lesion
- Preservation of vibration and position sense
SPINAL SYNDROMES: Cauda Equina
- Damage location
- SSx
SPINAL SYNDROMES: Cauda Equina
- Damage location: Nerve root in lumbar spine in compressed
- SSx
- flaccid paralysis of muscles of lower limbs
- saddle anesthesia
- bladder incontinence
- (Unclear what question is)
Common bugs - Sinusitis, Nursing home pneumonia
- (Unclear what question is)
Common bugs - Sinusitis, Nursing home pneumonia - Treat NH pt with pneumonia with fluoroquinolone or cephalosporin with azithromycin
MCC of bleeding in the elderly
MCC of bleeding in the elderly:
- Diverticulosis
- -
Southeast Asia travel with fever differentials
- Dengue
- Malaria
- TB
OVERDOSE: TCA
- Treatment:
- pH goal
- Contraindicated medication:
OVERDOSE: TCA
- Treatment: Sodium bicarb and benzo
- pH goal: 7.5
- Contraindicated medication: physostigmine (can lower seizure threshold)
OVERDOSE: Ethanol
- Fomepizole
-
OVERDOSE: Methanol
- Fomepizole
- Ethanol
-
OVERDOSE: 4 MP (Treats for)
- Methanol poisoning
- Ethylene Glycol poisoning
OPEN GLAUCOMA (SSx and treatment)
- SSx
- Tx:
OPEN GLAUCOMA (SSx and treatment)
- SSx: Patchy blind spots in peripheral
- Tx: latanoprost, brimonidine, timolol
CLOSED GLAUCOMA (SSx and treatment)
- SSx:
- Tx:
CLOSED GLAUCOMA (SSx and treatment)
- SSx: Eye PAIN severe headache, blurry vision
- Tx: Timolol, apraclonidine, pilocarpine, acetazolamide
L5 nerve root compression
- SSx
L5 nerve root compression
- SSx: Foot drop
Radial nerve innervation
- wrist, dorsum of index/thumb
Posterior fat pad sign
- Seen with
- MC
Posterior fat pad sign
- Seen with Supracondylar elbow fracture
- MC elbow fx
Proximal fibular fx
- commonly associated injury from
Proximal fibular fx
- commonly associated injury from fall or direct blow
- most common fracture of the tibia
Kawasaki’s Disease
- Cardiac Complication:
Kawasaki’s Disease
- Cardiac Complication: Aneurysm
CREAM
Conjunctivitis (non exudative)
Rash (Polymorphous non vesicular)
Edema (or Erythema of hands or feet)
Adenopathy (Cervical, often unilateral)
Mucosal involvement (erythema or fissures or crusting)
HSV Keratitis
- Treatment
HSV Keratitis
- Treatment: Oral Acyclovir
Uveitis
- SSx
- Causes
- Dx
- Rx
Uveitis
- SSx: Eye pain, redness, blurry vision
- Causes: shingles, RA, IBD
- Dx: Slit lamp will see white blood cell clumps and flare in the anterior chamber
- Rx: Steroid drops
Galeazzi Fracture
- Location
- Caused by
Galeazzi Fracture
- Location: Middle to distal third of radius with associated dislocation/subluxation of the distal radio-ulnar joint
- Caused by FOOSH
Epidural hematoma
- Shape:
Epidural hematoma
- Shape: Convex
Subdural hematoma
- Shape:
Subdural hematoma
- Shape: concave, crescent moon
Uncal herniation
- Caused by:
- SSx:
Uncal herniation
- Caused by: CN III (Oculomotor) compression
- SSx: Acute LOC, ipsilateral pupil dilation, contralateral hemiparesis
H influenza post exposure child with no vaccines
- Who to treat
- Treatment
H influenza post exposure child with no vaccines
- Who to treat: all household contacts
- Treatment: Rifampin x 4 days
