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ABPN Boards > ABPN Boards > Flashcards

ABPN Boards Flashcards

1
Q

Lithium s/e’s

A

GI complaints, tremor, diabetes insipidus, hypothyroidism, weight gain, cardiac arrhythmia, edema, acne, follicular/maculopapular eruptions, psoriasis flares

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2
Q

Lamotrigine s/e’s

A

SJS, anemia, thrombocytopenia, liver failure, pancreatitis

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3
Q

Impact of risperidone on salivation?

A

Increased

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4
Q

Oxcarbazepine s/e’s

A

SJS, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia

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5
Q

Who is the founder of attachment theory?

Definition of attachment and bonding?

A

John Bowlby

Attachment: emotional dependence of infant on mother

Bonding: mother’s feeling toward infant

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6
Q

Genetic test used to test for trinucleotide repeats?

A

PCR

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7
Q

What type of genetic defects can karyotyping detect?

A

deletions, translocations, trisomies

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8
Q

How to diagnose CJD?

A

CSF assay for 14-3-3 proteinase inhibitor proteins

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9
Q

Huntington’s genetics:

  • inheritance pattern
  • defect
  • chromosome
A
  • AD
  • trinucleotide repeats (CAG)
  • chromosome 4p16.3 (short arm)
  • anticipation: earlier from generation to generation
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10
Q

Brain region involved in:

  • personality changes
  • executive fxn changes
  • apathy
  • depression
  • mania
A
  • personality changes: frontal
  • executive fxn changes: frontal
  • apathy: medial frontal
  • depression: left frontal
  • mania: right frontal
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11
Q

Winnicott is known for…

A

“good enough mother”

“transitional objects”

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12
Q

Piaget’s stages of development

A

Degrees of abstraction:

  • sensorimotor
  • pre-operational
  • concrete operations
  • formal operations
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13
Q

Freud’s stages of development

A
  • Oral
  • Anal
  • Phallic
  • Latency
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14
Q

Mahler’s stages of development

A

Separation-individuation:

  • Normal autism (0-2m)
  • Symbiosis (2-5m)
  • Differentiation
  • Practicing
  • Rapprochement
  • Object constancy
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15
Q

Erikson’s stages of development

A
  • Trust vs mistrust
  • Autonomy vs shame/doubt
  • Initiative vs guilt
  • Industry vs inferiority
  • Identity vs role diffusion
  • Intimacy vs self-absorption
  • Generativity vs stagnation
  • Integrity vs despair/isolation
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16
Q

MAO_A breaks down…

A

5-HT, NE, DA

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17
Q

MAO_B breaks down…

A

DA

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18
Q

MAOi s/e’s

A

orthostatic hypotension, weight gain, edema, sexual dysfunction, insomnia

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19
Q

Reversible MAOi’s

A

moclobemide

selegiline

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20
Q

Lambert-Eaton

  • MOA
  • cause
A
  • paraneoplastic abnormality of PREsynaptic ACh release, directed against voltage-gated channels
  • often ~ w/ small cell lung ca
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21
Q

What is Skinner’s theory of learning?

A

operant conditioning, positive and negative reinforcement (rewards)

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22
Q

What is Bandura’s theory of learning?

A

social learning theory; we learn through modeling others and through social interaction

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23
Q

Who came up with the concept of learned helplessness? What is it?

A

Seligman - model for depression; organism learns no behavior change can influence environment

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24
Q

Who came up with classical conditioning? What is it?

A

Pavlov: neutral stimulus is paired w/ one that evokes a response so that neutral stimulus comes to evoke the same response

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25
Q

Absence seizures

  • EEG correlate
  • 1st and 2nd-line tx
  • Contraindicated tx
A
  • EEG: 3Hz spike and wave pattern
  • 1st line: ethosuximide
  • 2nd line: VPA
  • contraindicated: carbamazepine (can worsen sz)
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26
Q

CSF findings in narcolepsy?

A

decreased hypocretin (orexin)

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27
Q

Tuberous sclerosis

  • inheritance pattern
  • sxs
A
  • AD

- neurocutaneous: tumors, seizures, MR, behavioral problems

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28
Q

Rett’s syndrome

  • inheritance pattern
  • sxs
A
  • X-linked dominant; only in girls

- deceleration in growth and developmental regressions starting at 5mo; +sz

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29
Q

Neurofibromatosis type 1

  • inheritance
  • chromosome
A
  • AD

- chromosome 17q

30
Q

Neurofibromatosis type 2

  • inheritance
  • chromosome
A
  • AD
  • chromosome 22
  • note: few cutaneous lesions; frequently bilateral acoustic schwannomas
31
Q

Williams’ syndrome

  • inheritance
  • chromosome
  • physical sxs
  • psych sxs
A
  • AD
  • chromosome 7q11-q23 (hemizygous deletion including elastin locus)
  • short, elfin; thyroid, renal, CV abnormalities
  • MR, anx, hyperactivity, hypermusicality
32
Q

Tacrine MOA?

A

Cholinesterase inhibitor (used to tx dementia)

33
Q

Donepezil MOA?

A

Cholinesterase inhibitor (used to tx dementia)

34
Q

Galantamine MOA?

A

Cholinesterase inhibitor (used to tx dementia)

35
Q

Rivastigmine MOA?

A

Cholinesterase inhibitor (used to tx dementia)

36
Q

Memantine MOA?

A

NMDA antagonist, slows Ca2+ influx into cells, halts cell destruction (cytotoxicity)

37
Q

What does the Halstead-Reitan battery test for?

A

Location of brain lesions; series of 10 tests; distinguishes between brain damage and neurologically intact

38
Q

Triptan receptor profile?

A
  • Potent agonists of 5-HT_1B & 1D

- Mostly on intracranial blood vessels, but also on coronaries; hence contraindicated in pts w/ CAD and uncontrolled HTN

39
Q

Impact of antipsychotics on TCA concentration?

A

Increased

40
Q

Impact of methylphenidate on TCA concentration?

A

Increased

41
Q

Impact of acetazolamide on TCA concentration?

A

Increased

42
Q

Impact of aspirin on TCA concentration?

A

Increased

43
Q

Impact of cimetidine on TCA concentration?

A

Increased

- cimetidine = antacid

44
Q

Impact of thiazides on TCA concentration?

A

increased

45
Q

Impact of fluoxetine on TCA concentration?

A

increased

46
Q

Impact of sodium bicarb on TCA concentration?

A

Increased

- sodium bicarb txs heartburn

47
Q

Impact of cigarettes on TCA concentration?

A

Decreased (P450 1A2)

48
Q

Impact of ascorbic acid on TCA concentration?

A

Decreased (P450 1A2)

49
Q

Impact of lithium on TCA concentration?

A

Decreased (P450 1A2)

50
Q

Impact of barbiturates on TCA concentration?

A

Decreased (P450 1A2)

51
Q

Impact of primidone on TCA concentration?

A

Decreased (P450 1A2)

- primidone = anticonvulsant

52
Q

What sort of lesion causes alexia without agraphia?

A

corpus callosum

53
Q

What is Gerstmann’s syndrome?

A

L parietal lobe (L angular gyrus) lesion

Sxs: acalculia, agraphia, R/L confusion, finger agnosia

54
Q

What sort of lesion causes acalculia, agraphia, R/L confusion, finger agnosia?

A

L parietal lobe (L angular gyrus) lesion

aka Gerstmann’s syndrome

55
Q

Med used to tx pituitary adenoma?

A

Bromocriptine (after removing offending agent)

56
Q

Glutamate

  • effect: inhib vs excit?
  • receptor profile
  • involved in…?
  • precursor to…?
A
  • major excitatory NT
  • works on NMDA receptors
  • very important in learning and memory; involved in theory of cytotoxity; understimulation by glutamate ~ psychosis
  • precursor to GABA
57
Q

Major inhibitory NT’s?

A

GABA, glycine

58
Q

Alzheimer’s genetics

A

Chromosome 21: amyloid precursor protein

Chromosome 19: Apo E4

59
Q

Definition of brain death?

A

Absence of brain-stem reflexes

60
Q

Main location of NE neurons? Clinical association?

A

locus ceruleus; poor regulation ~ anxiety

61
Q

Main location of serotonergic neurons? Clinical association?

A

raphe nuclei in the pons; ~depression

62
Q

Myesthenia gravis

  • MOA
  • Clinical findings
  • Dx
  • Tx
A
  • Autoantibodies against postsynaptic nicotinic ACh receptors on muscles
  • Deep tendon reflexes typically preserved
  • Edrophonium chloride (Tensilon) used to diagnoses the dz
  • Pyridostigmine (Mestinon) used to tx the dz; Also tx w/ steroids, plasmapheresis, ivig, immunosuppressants (Imuran)
63
Q

3Hz spike and wave pattern

A

Absence sz

64
Q

Frontocentral beta activity

A

normal adult drowsiness

65
Q

Posterior alpha rhythm

A

eyes closed, but awake

66
Q

Right temporal spikes

A

seizure focus

67
Q

Delta waves when pt is awake

A

c/f structural lesion

68
Q

Gower’s maneuver

A

using hands to get up from chair; bedside indicator of muscular dystrophy or mypoathy

69
Q

Duchenne’s muscular dystrophy

  • inheritance
  • defect
  • s/s
A
  • autosomal recessive
  • lack of dystrophin
  • proximal > distal, decreased DTRs (except Achilles), elevated CPK, MR in 1/3 cases, enlarged muscles (esp calves) d/t fat infiltration
70
Q

What are the MOST sedating TCAs?

A

amitriptyline, doxepin, trimipramine

71
Q

What are the LEAST sedating TCAs?

A

desipramine, protriptyline

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