About History of computers Flashcards
A machine for the manipulation of data to present information.
Computer
A computer system includes several functionally separate devices that constitute its hardware.
hardware
the bridge between computer users and hardware
software
where data and instructions are stored.
memory system
serve the need of the computer system for communication with the environment of the system.
input/output devices
serve the need of the computer system for communication with the environment
input/output
a set of programs that belongs to the configuration of a given computer system and facilitates its use.
operating system
used to communicate with a computer
input devices
used to extract/disseminate processed data from the computer.
output devices
computer used to enter data, information and programs into the computer.
input devices
core function of any computer
processing
a set of rules and methods that describes the functionality, organizations, and implementation of computer system
computer architecture
processors have a single processing unit, external memory, and a small register set with hundreds of different instructions.
complex instruction set computer (CISC)
result of a rethink, which has led to the development of high-performance processors.
reduced instructions of computer (RISC)
Who is the developer of computer architecture?
John von neumann
when the most famous Microsoft windows came into existence?
1985
manages the allocation and decollation
memory management
manages the processor’s work by allocating various jobs
processor management
various input and output devices
device management
keeps track of information regarding the certain deletion, transfer, copy, and storage of files in an organized way.
file management
provides various techniques that assure user data integrity and confidentiality
security
checks the system for any external threat or malicious software activity
error detection
multitasking operating system where multiple programs run simultaneously
job scheduling
manages the interaction between the user and the operating system
shell
taking the input from the user or the shell script
shell
central component of an operating system
kernel
what are the types of operating system?
batch os, distributed os, multitasking os, network, os, real-os, mobile-os
first operating system for second generation computers. also operator takes up similar jobs and groups.
batch os
various computers are connected through a single communication and channel. also known as loosely coupled systems.
distributed os
known as time-sharing operating system
multitasking os
run on a server and manage all the networking fuctions
network operating system
serve real-time system
real-time os
operating system for smartphones, tablets, and PDAs.
mobile os
a single sequence stream within a process
thread
implemented in the user-level library, they are not created using the system calls.
user level thread (ULT)
knows and manages the threads
kernel level thread (KLT)
a dispatched from the ready state and are scheduled in the CPU for execution
process
a process to execute multiple threads at the same time
multi-threading
it may applied to solve any solvable problem
general purpose
thread means a segment of a process
true
