Abomasal Diseases

Question 1

where do ulcers develop in camelids?

Answer 1

caudal 20% of C3 = HCl secretion from gastric glands

Question 2

etiologies of abomasal ulcers

Answer 2

• viral: BVDV, MCF
• bacterial: C. perf type A
• stress
• reduced perfusion
• lymphoma bleeding
• trauma

Question 3

where are ulcers commonly found in adults?

Answer 3

fundic region

Question 4

where are ulcers found in calves?

Answer 4

pyloric antrum

Question 5

what are risk factors for abomasal ulcers in adults?

Answer 5

• high energy finely ground diets (low pH)
• fresh cows 30-40 DIM (neg energy balance, hypocalcemia)
• LDA
• cows in peak milk
• close up dry cows
• NSAIDS

Question 6

risk of factors of ulcers in calves

Answer 6

• mineral deficiencies
• trichobezoars
• sand, bedding
  large volumes of milk

Question 7

C3 ulcers in camelids

Answer 7

• prevalence unknown
• stress, high grain diet, NSAIDS
  hyporexia, milkd colic, recumbency
  PCT/TP mild decrease

Question 8

neoplasia within abomasum

Answer 8

• lymphosarcoma
• infiltrative, BLV cows
• some BLV cows have persistent lymphocytosis
• pyloric obstruction if solitary mass
  clinical indicators: lymphadenopathy, uterus/LS cord, right atrium all spots for LS to develop

Question 9

what is clostridial abomasitis

Answer 9

• c perf type A
• increases alpha toxin, phospholipase induces necrosis of intestinal mucosa
• calves 2-6 weeks of age
  signs: acute bilateral bloat, anorexia, dehydration shock

Question 10

abomasal impaction

Answer 10

• Primary
• Fibrous feed with dehydration, pica, sand, rocks, idiopathic
• Secondary causes (more common)
• Pyloric outflow obstruction
• Vagal nerve injury
• Adhesions (calves with peritonitis from ulcer)
• LSA

Question 11

what is the most common displacement

Answer 11

LDA: peak occurrence 1st 6 weeks lactation
RDA often later in lactationpr

Question 12

preweaned calves have what type of displacement

Answer 12

RDA

Question 13

pathophysiology of abomasal displacement

Answer 13

• Excess production of VFA (silage, HMC)
• GI stasis caused by metabolic or infectious disease
• Decreased feed intake around calving
• Deep body capacity (modern dairy cow genetic selection)
• Factors lead to abomasal stasis, gas, reduced rumen fill

Question 14

risk factors for development of LDA

Answer 14

• hypocalcemia
• high concentrate diet
• low forage diet
• finely ground feed
• low rumen fill
• infectious/inflamm disease

Question 15

clinical disease of LDA

Answer 15

• acute decrease in milk production
• decreased appetite
• ping
• dull, dehydrated, rumen hypomotility
  ballottment: succession on left
• aciduria

Question 16

ruminant obstructive disease presents with what biochemistry abnormalities

Answer 16

• hypochlomeria
• hypokalemia
  metabolic alkalosis

Question 17

paradoxical aciduria

Answer 17

• kidney wants to save Na+ (correct dehydration)
• Cl- low so bicarb reabsorbed (anion)
• H+ exchanged for Na+ bc K+ is low
  BOTH PROCESSES POTENTIATE ACIDURIA AND SYSTEMIC ALKALOSIS