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Abnormal Psychology > Abnormal Psychology > Flashcards

Abnormal Psychology Flashcards

1
Q

PSYCHO

A

MIND

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2
Q

PATHOS

A

ILLNESS

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3
Q

LOGY

A

STUDY

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4
Q

The study of abnormal cognition, behavior and experiences

A

PSYCHOPATHOLOGY

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5
Q

It describes behavioral, psychological, or biological dysfunctions that are unexpected in their cultural context

A

PSYCHOLOGICAL DISORDER

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6
Q

Biological explanation of depression

A

Low stimulation of the serotonin, norepinephrine and dopamine

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7
Q

2 LONG STG

A

Low chance of getting a depression

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8
Q

1 SHORT 1 LONG

A

Moderate likelihood to have depression

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9
Q

2 SHORT

A

High chance to get depression

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10
Q

What is Mania?

A

Too much happiness, not the healthy type of happiness

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11
Q

What is the healthy type of happiness?

A

EUTHYMIA

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12
Q

Too much anxiety, confusion, obsessive thoughts, too much positive or negative feelings (4 D’S)

A

DISTRESS

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13
Q

They’re NOT AWARE that there’s something wrong with them

A

EGO SYNTONIC

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14
Q

They’re AWARE that there is something wrong with them

A

EGO DYSTONIC

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15
Q

Can’t function in school, work, or do anything in daily life (4 D’S)

A

DYSFUNCTION

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16
Q

Different from the norms in their usual self (4 D’s

A

DEVIANCE

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17
Q

Can hurt themselves or others (4 ‘Ds)

A

DANGER

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18
Q

Need measurement, how long it occur (4 D’s)

A

DURATION

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19
Q

A traditional shorthand way of indicating why the person came to the clinic

A

Presenting Problem “Presents”

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20
Q

A more persistent period of affect or emotionality

A

MOOD

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21
Q

Refers to the momentary emotional tone that accompanies what we say or do

A

AFFECT

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22
Q

How many people in the population as a whole (Ex. There are 18% of people suffering from depression.)

A

PREVALENCE

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23
Q

Statistics on how many new cases occur (Ex. In 2015, there are 18.5 people suffering from depression)

A

INCIDENCE

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24
Q

Age of onset, and possibly a different sex ratio and prevalence.

A

COURSE

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25
Q

Anticipated course of disorder

A

PROGNOSIS

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26
Q

Study of ORIGIN has to do with why a disorder begin

A

ETIOLOGY

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27
Q

During the last quarter of 14th century, religious and lay authorities supported these popular superstitions

A

Demons and Witches

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28
Q

Equally strong opinion, even during this period, reflected the enlightened view that insanity was a natural phenomenon

A

Stress and Melancholy

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29
Q

Spiritual and mental laziness (Treatment: rest, sleep and to have a happy healthy environment)

A

Sin of Acedia/Sloth

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30
Q

Exorcism, confinement, beatings, and other forms of torture

A

TREATMENTS FOR POSSESSIONS

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31
Q

Also called “Conversion Disorder” (In DSM-5) and “Functional Neurological Symptom Disorder”

A

HYSTERIA

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32
Q

Large scale outbreaks of bizarre behavior

A

MASS HYSTERIA

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33
Q

The movements of the moon and the stars profound effects on people’s psychological functioning

A

The Moon and the Stars

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34
Q

“Hippocratic Corpus” suggested that psychological disorders could be treated like any other disease

A

Hippocrates and Galen

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35
Q

Assume that normal brain functioning was related to four fluids of humors

A

HUMORAL THEORY OF DISORDERS

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36
Q

BLOOD

A

HEART

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37
Q

BLACK BILE

A

APDO(?)

38
Q

YELLOW BILE

A

LIVER

39
Q

PHLEGM

A

BRAIN

40
Q

Behavioral and cognitive symptoms of what we know as advance ___

A

SYPHILIS

41
Q

The champion of the biological tradition in the United State

A

John P. Gray

42
Q

To stimulate appetite in psychotic patients who were not eating

A

Insulin Shock Therapy (IST)

43
Q

Benjamin Franklin, accidentally discovered and then confirmed experimentally in the 1750s, that a mild and modest electric shock to the head produced brief convulsion and memory loss

A

Electroconvulsive Therapy

44
Q

Referred more to emotional or psychological factors rather than to a code of conduct

A

Moral Therapy

45
Q

She campaigned “Mental Hygiene Movement”

A

Dorothea Dix

46
Q

To accept a linear or one dimensional model, which attempts to trace the origins of behavior to a single cause

A

ONE DIMENSIONAL VERSUS MULTIDIMENSIONAL MODELS

47
Q

What is PREDISPOSITION?

A

Genetics, nasayo na siya automatically

48
Q

What is PRECIPITATING?

A

Environmental Trigger

49
Q

What is PERPETUATING?

A

Whatever maintains that level of stress

50
Q

Must have deteriorated in everyday functioning (work, interpersonal relations, self care, etc) for at least 6 months for reasons not attributable to other disorders

A

SCHIZOPHRENIA

51
Q

What are the POSITIVE SYMPTOMS?

A

Hallucinations, Delusions, Disorganized thinking/speech/movement

52
Q

What are the NEGATIVE SYMPTOMS

A

Avolition, Affective Flattening, Alogia, Anhedonia, Asociality

53
Q

What is Observational Learning?

A

When people learn new things just by watching others, without having to do it themselves

54
Q

Involves adding and subtracting from the observed behavior and generalizing from one observation to another

A

MODELING

55
Q

Our brains are naturally ready to learn certain things because they help us stay safe and survive

A

PREPARED LEARNING

56
Q

When someone feels like they can’t change a bad situation because they’ve tried before and nothing worked

A

LEARNED HELPLESSNESS

57
Q

Involves developing the ability to view the world from a positive point of view

A

LEARNED OPTIMISM

58
Q

Accurately reach and distinguish objects perform most of the functions usually associated with sight even if the person lost the sense of sight

A

Blind sight or Unconscious vision

59
Q

When someone clearly acts on the basis of things that have happened in the past but can’t remember the events

A

EXPLICIT MEMORY

60
Q

When someone remembers how to do something or reacts to something because of past experiences, but they don’t consciously remember the specific event

A

IMPLICIT MEMORY

61
Q

The alarm reaction that activates during potentially life threatening emergencies

A

Flight or Fight response

62
Q

Sustained hostility with angry outbursts and repeatedly and continually suppressing anger contributes more strongly to death from heart disease than other well-known risk factors, including smoking, high blood pressure, and high cholesterol levels

A

Anger and Your Heart

63
Q

Fear and Phobias are not universal. But what we fear is strongly influenced by our social environment.

A. Only the first statement is true
B. Only the second statement is true
C. Both sentence are wrong
D. Both sentence are correct

A

B. Only the second statement is true

64
Q

A cognitive bias that makes us think that we will change very little in the years to come

A

“The End of History” Illusions

65
Q

Used in developmental psychopathology to indicate that we must consider a number of paths to a given outcome

A

The Principle of Equifinality

66
Q

The systematic evaluation and measurement of psychological, biological, and social factors in an individual presenting with a possible psychological disorder

A

CLINICAL ASSESSMENT

67
Q

More specific and focuses on understanding a person’s psychological functioning, like their emotions, thoughts, and behaviors

A

PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT

68
Q

The process of determining whether the particular problem afflicting the individual meets all the criteria for a psychological disorder

A

DIAGNOSIS

69
Q

The degree to which a measurement is consistent

A

RELIABILITY

70
Q

Whether something measures what it is designed to measure

A

VALIDITY

71
Q

The process by which a certain set of standards or norms is determined for a technique to make its use consistent across different measurements

A

STANDARDIZATION

72
Q

Involves the systematic observation of an individual’s behavior

A

The Mental Status Exam (MSE)

73
Q

They include a variety of methods in which ambiguous stimuli, such as pictures of people or things, are presented to people who are asked to describe what they see

A

PROJECTIVE TEST

74
Q

Self report questionnaires that assess personal traits

A

PERSONALITY INVENTORIES

75
Q

Measures the IQ of an individual

A

INTELLIGENCE TESTING

76
Q

Measures the abilities in areas such as receptive and expressive language, attention and concentration, memory, motor skills, perceptual abilities, and learning and abstraction

A

NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TESTS

77
Q

Refers to measurable changes in the nervous system that reflect emotional or psychological events

A

PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY

78
Q

Determine what is unique about an individual’s personality, cultural background, or circumstances

A

IDIOGRAPHIC STRATEGY

79
Q

Determine a general class of problems to which the presenting problem belongs

A

NOMOTHETIC STRATEGY

80
Q

Construct groups or categories and to assign objects or people to these categories on the basis of their shared attributes or relations, a nomothetic strategy

A

CLASSIFICATION

81
Q

The classification of entities for scientific purposes, such as insects, rocks, or if the subject is psychology, behaviors

A

TAXONOMY

82
Q

If you apply a taxonomic system to psychological or medical phenomena or other clinical areas

A

NOSOLOGY

83
Q

Describe the names or labels of the disorders that make up the nosology (for example, anxiety or mood disorder)

A

NOMENCLATURE

84
Q

Assume that every diagnosis has a clear underlying pathophysiological cause, such as a bacterial infection or a malfunctioning endocrine system, and that each disorder is unique

A

The Classical (or pure) categorical approach

85
Q

Note the variety of cognitions, moods, and behaviors with which the patient presents and quantify them on a scale

A

Dimensional Approach

86
Q

This alternative identifies certain essential characteristics of an entity so that you (and others) can classify it, but it also allows certain nonessential variations that do not necessarily change the classification

A

Prototypical Approach

87
Q

Published in 1952 by the American Psychiatric Association

A

DSM I

88
Q

In 1968, the American Psychiatric Association published a second edition.

A

DSM II

89
Q

Attempted to take an atheoretical approach to diagnosis, relying on precise descriptions of the disorders as they presented to clinicians rather than on psychoanalytic or biological theories of etiology

A

DSM III AND DSM-III-R

90
Q

The most substantial change was that the distinction between organically based disorders and psychologically based that was present in previous editions was eliminated

A

DSM IV AND DSM IV-TR

91
Q

Published in the spring of 2013. Introduces cross-cutting dimensional symptom measures, These assessments are not specific to any particular disorder but rather evaluate in a global sense important symptoms that are often present across disorders in almost all patients

A

DSM V

Abnormal Psychology (1 decks)

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