Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Other OSCE Stations > ABG Interpretation > Flashcards

ABG Interpretation Flashcards

1
Q

Normal values for pH?

A

7.35-7.45

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Normal values for pH?

A

7.35-7.45

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Normal values for pCO2?

A

4.5-6.0 kPa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Normal values for pO2?

A

11-13 kPa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Normal values for HCO3?

A

22-25 mmol/L

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Normal values for base excess?

A

-2 to +2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Normal values for lactate?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Normal values for SaO2?

A

> 95%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Steps 1-5 in interpreting ABG?

A
  1. Assess oxygenation?
  2. Determine pH status
  3. Determine respiratory component (PaCO2)
  4. Determine metabolic component (HCO3-)
  5. Combine (compensation)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

pH low, PaCO2 high?

A

Respiratory acidosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

pH high, PaCO2 low?

A

Respiratory alkalosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

pH low, HCO3- low?

A

Metabolic acidosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

pH high, HCO3- high

A

Metabolic alkalosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How can acidosis be compensated for?

A

Respiratory - increased RR to blow off CO2 (results in reduced CO2)
Metabolic - increased bicarb production by kidney (high bicarb)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Causes of respiratory acidosis?

A

Hypoventilation in:

  • Lung disease (COPD, asthma, pulmonary oedema)
  • CNS depression
  • Mechanical lung dysfunction (obesity, gullian barré, myasthenia gravis)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Causes of respiratory acidosis?

A

Hypoventilation in:

  • Lung disease (COPD, asthma, pulmonary oedema)
  • CNS depression
  • Mechanical lung dysfunction (obesity, gullian barré, myasthenia gravis)
17
Q

Normal values for pCO2?

A

4.5-6.0 kPa

18
Q

Normal values for pO2?

A

11-13 kPa

19
Q

Normal values for HCO3?

A

22-25 mmol/L

20
Q

Normal values for base excess?

A

-2 to +2

21
Q

Normal values for lactate?

A
22
Q

Normal values for SaO2?

A

> 95%

23
Q

Steps 1-5 in interpreting ABG?

A
  1. Assess oxygenation?
  2. Determine pH status
  3. Determine respiratory component (PaCO2)
  4. Determine metabolic component (HCO3-)
  5. Combine (compensation)
24
Q

pH low, PaCO2 high?

A

Respiratory acidosis

25
Q

pH high, PaCO2 low?

A

Respiratory alkalosis

26
Q

pH low, HCO3- low?

A

Metabolic acidosis

27
Q

pH high, HCO3- high

A

Metabolic alkalosis

28
Q

How can acidosis be compensated for?

A

Respiratory - increased RR to blow off CO2 (results in reduced CO2)
Metabolic - increased bicarb production by kidney (high bicarb)

29
Q

How can alkalosis be compensated for?

A

Respiratory - decreasing resp rate to retain CO2 (high CO2)

Metabolic - decreasing bicarb production by kidney (low HCO3-)

30
Q

Causes of respiratory acidosis?

A

Hypoventilation in:

  • Lung disease (COPD, asthma, pulmonary oedema)
  • CNS depression
  • Mechanical lung dysfunction (obesity, gullian barré, myasthenia gravis)
31
Q

Causes of respiratory alkalosis?

A

Hyperventilation in:

  • Anxiety
  • Hypoxia
  • Acute pulmonary insult (PE, pneumonia, asthma attack, pulmonary oedema)
32
Q

Causes of metabolic acidosis?

A

CHECK ANION GAP = (Na+ + K+)-(Cl- + HCO3-)
Normal = 3-12

Increased = new acid added to body (lactic acidosis, DKA, sepsis, aspirin OD)
Normal = retaining H+ (renal tubular acidosis, Addison's) or losing HCO3- (diarrhoea)
33
Q

Causes of metabolic alkalosis?

A

Acid loss in:

  • Chloride responsive: vomiting, diuretics, corticosteroids
  • Chloride resistant: any hyperaldosterone state (Cushing’s, hypokalaemia)
34
Q

Pathophysiology behind type 1 respiratory failure?

A

Caused by V/Q mismatch:

  • Low V/Q = areas of lung are perfused with deoxygenated blood but not ventilated with O2 (i.e. airway obstruction - mucus plug in asthma/COPD, airway collapse in emphysema)
  • High V/Q = areas of lungs venilated with oxygen but not perfused with deoxygenated blood (i.e. block in blood flow - PE)
35
Q

Cause of type 2 respiratory failure?

A

Alveolar hypoventilation - oxygen cannot get in and CO2 cannot get out.
Obstructive lung diseases, restrictive lung diseases, decreased respiratory drive, neuromuscular disease, thoracic wall disease.

Other OSCE Stations (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions