Abdominal Wall - Muscles

Question 1

What is this structure?

Answer 1

Transversus abdominis

Transversus abdominis

Question 2

Origin of this structure

Answer 2

• Thoracolumbar fascia
• Iliac crest
• Costal cartilages 7-12
• Connective tissue of lateral most inguinal ligament

Transversus abdominis

Question 3

Insertion of this structure

Answer 3

• Linea alba of rectus sheath,
• Pubis via conjoint tendon

Transversus abdominis

Question 4

Innervation of this structure

Answer 4

Abdominal portion of intercostal nerves T6-T12

Transversus abdominis

Question 5

Function of this structure

Answer 5

• Unilateral: rotates trunk to same side.
• Bilateral: Compresses and supports abdominal cavity

Transversus abdominis

Question 6

What is this structure?

Answer 6

Diaphragm

Diaphragm

Question 7

Origin of this structure

Answer 7

• Superior border of 12th rib and inferior most costal cartilages
• Anterior longitudinal ligament on bodies of lower thoracic/upper lumbar vertebrae

Diaphragm

Question 8

Insertion of this structure

Answer 8

Central tendon of diaphragm

Diaphragm

Question 9

Innervation of this structure

Answer 9

• Phrenic nerve
• Most peripheral sections via intercostal nerves

Diaphragm

Question 10

Function of this structure

Answer 10

Depresses to enable inspiration

Diaphragm

Question 11

Where are the openings for different structures?

Answer 11

• Inferior vena cava at level of T8
• Opening for esophagus at T10
• Opening for aorta at T12.
• Mnemonic: I8 10Eggs At12

Diaphragm

Question 12

What is this structure?

Answer 12

Quadratus lumborum

Quadratus lumborum

Question 13

Origin of this structure

Answer 13

• Inferior border of rib 12
• Transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae

Quadratus lumborum

Question 14

Insertion of this structure

Answer 14

Iliac crest

Quadratus lumborum

Question 15

Innervation of this structure

Answer 15

• Subcostal nerve
• Anterior rami of spinal nerves L1-L4

Quadratus lumborum

Question 16

Function of this structure

Answer 16

• Extends back
• Depresses 12th rib during inspiration

Quadratus lumborum

Question 17

What is this structure?

Answer 17

Psoas major

Psoas major

Question 18

Origin of this structure

Answer 18

Transverse processes and bodies of lumbar vertebrae

Psoas major

Question 19

Insertion of this structure

Answer 19

Lesser trochanter of femur

Psoas major

Question 20

Innervation of this structure

Answer 20

Anterior rami of spinal nerves L1-L3

Psoas major

Question 21

Function of this structure

Answer 21

Flexes the thigh at hip

Psoas major

Question 22

What is this structure?

Answer 22

Iliacus

Iliacus

Question 23

Origin of this structure

Answer 23

Iliac fossa

Iliacus

Question 24

Insertion of this structure

Answer 24

Lesser trochanter of femur

Iliacus

Question 25

Innervation of this structure

Answer 25

Femoral nerve

Iliacus