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Anatomy Week 8 > Abdominal Wall and Inguinal Region Lab Manual > Flashcards

Abdominal Wall and Inguinal Region Lab Manual Flashcards

1
Q

What is Camper’s fascia and where is it located?

A
  • lower 1/3 of anterior abdominal wall

- superficial to Scarpa’s

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2
Q

What is Scarpa’s fascia?

A
  • Deeper membranous layer of the fascia on the anterior abdominal wall in lower 1/3 of abdomin
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3
Q

Why can rupturing the urethra cause fluid buildup in the scrotum?

A
  • Fluid can move freely in the fascia between the abdomin (Scarpa’s) and the scrotum
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4
Q

What are the attachments for Scarpa’s fascia?

A
  • iliac crest, fascia lata, inguinal ligament, ischiopubic ramus, and urogenital diaphragm
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5
Q

What are the openings called where there is communication between Scarpa’s and the scrotal fascia and labial fascia?

A
  • abominoscrotal and abdominolabial
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6
Q

From what plexus are the ilioinguinal and iliohypogastric nerves derived?

A

L1 ventral ramus of the lumbar plexus

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7
Q

What nerve supplying the abdominal wall is at the level of the xiphiod process?

A

7th intercostal

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8
Q

What nerve distributes to the abdominal wall at the level of the umbilicus?

A

10th intercostal

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9
Q

What nerve of the anterior abdominal wall is suprapubic?

A

iliohypogastric

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10
Q

What nerve give rise to the labial or scrotal nerves?

A

ilioinguinal

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11
Q

What are the 3 sets of superficial vessels that supply the inferior abdominal wall and where do they come from?

A
  • superficial epigastric
  • superficial circumflex iliac
  • superficial external pudendal
  • Aa. from the Femoral artery
  • Vv. from great saphenous
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12
Q

T or F: the three flat muscles of the abdomen have dual insertions.

A

True, Medially they insert to the linea alba and inferior they insert into structures in the inguinal region

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13
Q

What are the three layers of the abdominal flat muscles form superficial to deep?

A
  1. External abdominal oblique (hands in pocket)
  2. Internal abdominal oblique
  3. Transversus abdmoninis
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14
Q

T or F: the inferior fibers of the internal abdominal oblique insert on the rectus sheath/linea alba?

A

False, they arch over and turn inferiorly to attach to the superior border of the pubic crest

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15
Q

What are the inferior fibers of the internal abdominal oblique that arch over to attach to the pubic crest called?

A

Falx inguinalis

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16
Q

What other fibers besides the inferior fibers of the internal abdominal oblique contribute to the falx inguinalis?

A

Fibers of the transversus abdominus

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17
Q

Where do most of the nerves and vessels that supply the abdominal wall and muscles pass through?

A

They pass forward in the fascial plane between the internal abdominal oblique and the transversus muscles

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18
Q

What is located on either side of the linea alba?

A

The rectus sheath

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19
Q

What vessels can be accessed by cutting through the rectus sheath and rectus femoris?

A

Superior and inferior epigastric vessels

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20
Q

What is the arcuate line?

A

where the change from 2 layer on top and bottom on rectus changes to 3 layers on top and 1 thin layer of transversalis fascia on the bottom

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21
Q

What muscle forms the superficial inguinal ring?

A

external abdominal oblique (divides into medial and lateral crura)

22
Q

Where is the external spermatic fascia derived from?

A

external abdominal oblique

23
Q

T or F: the external abdominal oblique contributes to the entire length of the anterior wall of the inguinal canal.

A

True

24
Q

T or F: laterally fibers from the internal abdominal oblique are also part of the anterior wall of the inguinal canal.

A

True

25
Q

What is the lacunar ligament?

A

where the medial fibers of the inguinal ligament flatten horizontally and extend deep

26
Q

What is the lacunar ligament’s deep attachment?

A

The pectineal line

27
Q

What does the lacunar ligament continue upward and laterally as?

A

pectineal ligament

28
Q

What part of the inguinal canal does the lacunar ligament contribute to?

A
  • The medial part of the floor

NOTE: floor is mostly inguinal ligament

29
Q

T or F: the deep inguinal ring is formed by the reflection of the transversus fascia?

A

FALSE - its the transversalis fascia this is not associated with the muscle

30
Q

What makes the internal spermatic fascia of the testical?

A

Transversalis fascia

31
Q

What vessels are immediately medial to the deep ring?

A

inferior epigastric artery and vein

32
Q

T or F: the inferior epigastric artery and vein enter the rectus sheath

A

True

33
Q

What part of the inguinal canal is formed by the combined arching fibers of the internal abdominal obique and transversus abdominis?

A

The roof

  • Note: these arch from lateral to medial off of the inguinal ligament to form the conjoint tendon (falx inguinalis)
34
Q

Where does falx inguinalis/conjoint tendon insert?

A

Pubic crest

35
Q

What does the internal abdominal oblique give rise to in the spermatic cord?

A

cremaster muscle

36
Q

What structure strengthens the posterior wall of the inguinal ring medially?

A

falx inguinalis/conjoint tendon

37
Q

What structure strengthens the posterior wall of the inguinal ring posteriorly?

A

epigastric vessels

38
Q

What are the borders of the “weak area?”

A 
Inguinal ligament laterally
Inferior epigastric artery superiorly/laterally
Falx inguinalis superiorly/medially
Roof: Falx inguinalis
Floor: Inguinal ligament
lacunar ligament medially
39
Q

Where is the internal spermatic fascia formed and by what?

A
  • transversalis fascia

- deep inguinal ring

40
Q

Where is the cremaster formed and where?

A
  • internal abdominal oblique aponeurosis in the canal
41
Q

Where is the external spermatic fascia formed and where?

A
  • external abdominal oblique

- external ring

42
Q

What is the vascular plexus within the spermatic cord?

A

pampiniform plexus of veins

43
Q

What is the thick connective tissue covering the testis?

A

Tunica albuginea

44
Q

Where does the ductus deferens begin?

A

at the epididymus of the testis

45
Q

What innervates the cremaster muscle and does this nerve travel through the femoral canal?

A

Genitofemoral, yes is travels through a portion

46
Q

stab wound in the lower left abdomen below the umbilicus, name the layers that are penetrated from superficial to deep.

A
  1. Skin
  2. Camper’s
  3. Scarpa’s
  4. External Abdominal Oblique
  5. internal abdominal oblique
  6. Transversus Abdominus
  7. Transversalis Fascia
  8. Extraperitoneal Fascia
  9. Parietal peritoneum
47
Q

What forms the anterior wall of the inguinal canal?

A

Extenal abdominal oblique

Internal abdominal oblique (laterally)

48
Q

What layers are part of the weak area of the posterior inguinal wall?

A

Transversalis fascia

Parietal peritoneum

49
Q

What structures of the abdomen give rise to the dartos muscle and fascia

A

Camper’s and Scarpa’s

50
Q

What tissue of the abdomen gives rise to the tunica vaginalis

A

Peritoneum

51
Q

From outside the scrotum to the inside of the spermatic cord what are the layers?

A
  1. skin
  2. Dartos and fascia
  3. External spermatic fascia
  4. Middle spermatic fascia and cremaster
  5. Internal Spermatic fascia
  6. Areolar tissue with localized fat
  7. Tunica vaginalis

Anatomy Week 8 (15 decks)

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