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Anatomy GI > Abdominal Wall and Inguinal Region > Flashcards

Abdominal Wall and Inguinal Region Flashcards

1
Q

Which is more external- Camper’s Fascia or Scarpa’s fascia?

A

Camper’s Fascia

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2
Q

External Oblique m.

A

Inn: T7-T12
Action(s): compresses & supports abdominal viscera; flexes & rotates trunk

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3
Q

Internal Oblique m.

A

Inn: T6-T12, L1
Action(s): compresses & supportes abdominal viscera; flexes & rotates trunk

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4
Q

Transversus Abdominis Muscle

A

Inn: T6-T12, L1
Action(s): compresses & supports abdominal viscera

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5
Q

Rectus Abdominis m.

A

Inn: T6-T12
Action(s): flexes trunk and compresses abdominal viscera, stabilizes and controls tilt of pelvis

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6
Q

Diastasis Recti Abdominus (DRAM)

A

Seperation of rectus abdominis at the linea alba during preganany

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7
Q

Pyramidalis M.

A

Inn: T12
Action(s): tenses the linea alba

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8
Q

Medial abdominal wall

A

Skin
Camper’s Fascia
Scarpa’s Fascia
Anterior Rectus Sheath
Rectus Abdominis
Posterior Rectus Sheath
Transversalis Fascia
Extraperitoneal Fat
Parietal Peritoneum

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9
Q

Anterio-Lateral abdominal wall

A

Skin
Camper’s Fascia
Scarpa’s Fascia
Deep Muscular Fascia
External Oblique m.
Deep Muscular Fascia
Internal Oblique m.
Deep Muscular Fascia
Transverse Abdominis m.
Transversalis Fascia
Extraperitoneal Fat
Parietal Peritoneum

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10
Q

Rectus Sheath

A

-Aponeurotic (tendinous) sheath
-Envelops rectus abdominus & Pyramidalis mm.
-Consists of anterior & posterior layers
NOTE: structure of the sheath is relative to the arcuate line which is 1/3 the distance between the umbilicus & public symphysis

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11
Q

Below arcuate line….

A

All apneurotic layers are anterior to the sheath, NO posterior

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12
Q

Above arcuate line…

A

There is both a posterior and anterior rectus sheath

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13
Q

Arcuate line-clinical significance

A

Can have a spigelian hernia!

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14
Q

Innervation of the abdomen

A

Continuation of the intercostal nn.
-T 10 nerve
-Subcostal n. T12
- Iliohypogastric n. (L1)
-Ilioinguinal n. (L1)

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15
Q

dermatome umbilicus

A

T10

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16
Q

dermatome pubic symphysis

A

L1

17
Q

Arterial Supply of abdominal Wall

A

1) Superficial circumflex iliac a. (from femoral a.)
2) Superficial epigastric a. (from femoral a.)
3) Deep circumflex iliac vessels (from external iliac a.)
4) Inferior epigastric vessels (from external iliac a.)
5) Superior epigastric vessels (branch of internal thoracic)
6) Musculophrenic vessels (branch of internal thoracic a.)

18
Q

Corona mortis artery

A

crown of death between obturator artery and external iliac artery that needs to be mindful of for anterior approach for hip surgery

19
Q

Portal Caval Anastomoses

A

1) Gastric vv. & esophageal vv.
2) Paraumbilical vv. & epigastric vv.
3) Superior rectal vv. & middle/inferior rectal vv.
4) Colic vv. & retroperitoneal vv.

20
Q

Caput Medusae

A

Results of obstructed portal HTN
-Anastomosis provides collateral pathway to the heart

21
Q

Deep Ring

A

Opening in transversalis fascia (located lateral to the inferior epigastric vessels)

22
Q

Superficial ring

A

Opening in external oblique aponeurosis (superolateral to pubic tubercle)
-Medial crus- attach to pubic symphysis
-Lateral crus- attach to pubic tubercle

23
Q

Anterior wall of inguinal canal

A

external oblique aponeurosis

24
Q

posterior wall of inguinal canal

A

transversalis fascia & conjoint tendon
- fusion of internal oblique, transversus abdominis aponeuroses medially

25
Q

roof of. inguinal canal

A

internal oblique & transversus abdominis (laterally), medial crus (medially)

26
Q

Floor of inguinal canal

A

iliopubic tract (laterally), inguinal ligament (centrally), lacunar ligament (medially)

27
Q

Spermatic Cord derivatives

A

External spermatic fascia
-External aponeurotic fascia and external oblique

Cremasteric fascia and muscle
-Internal abdominal oblique and aponeurosis

Internal spermatic fascia
-Transversalis fascia

28
Q

Female inguinal canal contents

A
  1. Round ligament of uterus
  2. Genital branch of genitofemoral n. (L1,L2)
29
Q

Indirect (congenital) inguinal hernias

A

LATERAL TO INFERIOR EPIGASTRIC VESSELS
-extends through entire inguinal canal
-commonly enters scrotum or labia majora
-more common type of hernia
-more in males than females
-usually from persistent processus vaginalis in males (connects peritoneum with descended testis)
-Referred to as canal of Nuck in females

30
Q

Direct (acquired) inguinal hernias

A

MEDIAL TO INFERIOR EPIGASTRIC VESSELS
-through inguinal triangle
-emerges through conjoint tendon by or at superficial ring
-usually does not enter scrotum or labia majora
-more common in males than females
-usually associated with weakened abdominal wall

31
Q

Inguinal (Hesselbach’s) triangle

A

Located med. to inf. epigastric vessels

Borders:
-Medial= rectus abdominis m.
-Lateral= inf. epigastric vessels
-Inferior= inguinal ligament

32
Q

Abdominal hernia

A

Out-pouching of abdominal viscera within a sac
-Hernial sac composed of 3 layers- peritoneum, extraperitoneal fat & transversalis fascia
-90% occur in inguinal region

33
Q

Umbilical hernia

A

through umbilical ring
most common in newborns
more common in females & obese individuals

34
Q

Epigastric hernia

A

Through linea alba
most common over 40
usually associated with obesity

35
Q

Femoral hernia

A

Through femoral ring & canal
More common in females than males (femoral ring is wider)

Anatomy GI (2 decks)

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