Abdominal Wall Anatomy

Question 1

The abdominal cavity is bounded superiorly by the

Answer 1

Diaphragm

Question 2

the inferior boundary of the anterior wall is marked by ____ and ______

Answer 2

inguinal ligament and pubis

Question 3

_____ marks the boundary of the anterior wall (not the cavity)

Answer 3

costal margin

Question 4

inguinal ligament is attached medially to _____ and laterally to _______

Answer 4

pubic tubercle and anterior iliac spine (ASIS)

Question 5

umbilicus marks the position of ____ dermatome

Answer 5

T10

Question 6

the inguinal ligament marks the position of the ____ dermatome

Answer 6

L1

Question 7

1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9
Which position is 1?

Answer 7

Right hypochondrium

Liver, R kidney, Gallbladder, Small intestine, Ascending/Transverse colon

Question 8

1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9
Which position is 2?

Answer 8

Epigastric Region

Esophagus, Liver, Pancreas, R/L adrenal glands, R/L kidneys, spleen, stomach, T colon

Question 9

1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9
Which position is 3?

Answer 9

Left hypochondrium

Descending colon, L kidney, liver, pancreas, SI, spleen, stomach, T colon

Question 10

1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9
Which position is 4?

Answer 10

Right Flank/Lumbar

A colon, gallbladder, Liver, R kidney, SI

Question 11

1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9
Which position is 5?

Answer 11

Umbilical Region

Cisterna chyli, Pancreas, R/L kidneys, R/L ureters, SI, stomach, T colon

Question 12

1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9
Which position is 6?

Answer 12

Left Flank/Lumbar

D colon, L kidney, SI

Question 13

1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9
Which position is 7?

Answer 13

Right Groin/Inguinal

Appendix! Cecum, a colon, R fallopian tube, R ovary, SI

Question 14

1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9
Which position is 8?

Answer 14

Pubic/Hypogastric
Prostate, Rectum, R/L fallopian, R/L ovaries, R/L ureters, Seminal vessicle, Sigmoid colon, SI, bladder, uterus, Vas deferens

Question 15

1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9
Which position is 9?

Answer 15

Left Groin/Inguinal

L fallopian, left ovary, SI, descending colon, sigmoid colon

Question 16

anterolateral abdominal wall has 3 muscle layers:

Answer 16

external oblique, internal oblique, transverse abdominis

Question 17

____ muscle extends from sternum to pubic crest on each side of midline

Answer 17

rectus abdominis

Question 18

Layers of anterolateral abdominal wall

Answer 18

Skin
Superficial Fascia
Wall muscles (Rectus abdominis, external oblique, internal oblique, transverse abdominis)
Transversalis Fascia
Extraperitoneal Fat
Parietal Peritoneum

Question 19

Lymphatic drainage in relation to transumbilical line

Answer 19

Above: axillary nodes
Below: superficial inguinal nodes

Question 20

venous drainage in relation to transumbilical line

Answer 20

above: to axillary vein
below: femoral veins
* *thoracoepigastric vein is anastomoses between the two**

Question 21

Rectus Abdominis

Answer 21

Attachment: sternum/rib to pubis
Innervation: thoracolumbar nerves from L1
Segmented by tendinous intersections

Question 22

Linea Alba

Answer 22

intersecting tendinous fibers of 3 abdominal layers - avascular, surgical opening site, inferiorly forms inguinal ligament

Question 23

Rectus Sheet anterior layer - upper wall

Answer 23

1/2 external oblique, 1/2 internal oblique