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Gross Anatomy 3 > Abdominal Lecture Midterm > Flashcards

Abdominal Lecture Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

Which fold of peritoneum is formed by the inferior epigastric vessels?

A

Lateral umbilical fold

Example sentence: The inferior epigastric vessels form the lateral umbilical fold.

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2
Q

One of the main arteries of the anterior abdominal wall is a branch from the:

A

External iliac artery

No additional information.

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3
Q

What is the only muscle of the anterior abdominal wall that doesn’t originate from the thoracolumbar fascia?

A

External oblique

No additional information.

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4
Q

The medial border of the rectus abdominis is separated from its pair by the:

A

Linea alba

No additional information.

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5
Q

Most muscle fibers of the external oblique run in what direction from their superior attachment?

A

Run inferomedially from their superior attachment

No additional information.

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6
Q

What nerve travels through the inguinal canal?

A

Ilioinguinal

No additional information.

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7
Q

What fossae separates the median and medial umbilical folds?

A

Supravesical fossae

No additional information.

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8
Q

The processes vaginalis is formed from the

A

Peritoneum

No additional information.

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9
Q

What joins primordial testes to the anterolateral abdominal wall at the deep inguinal ring?

A

Gubernaculum

No additional information.

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10
Q

What peritoneal derivative carries muscular and fascial layers to cover the spermatic cord into the primordial scrotum?

A

Processus vaginalis

No additional information.

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11
Q

What is the external layer of the scrotum that is continuous with Scarpa’s fascia?

A

Dartos fascia

No additional information.

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12
Q

What is the visceral layer of the testes called?

A

Tunica albuginea

No additional information.

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13
Q

The tail of _____ continues to the ductus deferens.

A

Epididymis

No additional information.

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14
Q

After moving a box, a 20 year old man presents to his doctor with a bulge in his left groin that does not descent into the scrotum. The bulge is above pubic tubercle, close to the midline, and feels like it can pass directly into the abdominal cavity. What is most likely?

A

Direct inguinal hernia

No additional information.

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15
Q

From which layers of the anterior abdominal wall is the internal spermatic fascia derived?

A

Transversalis fascia

No additional information.

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16
Q

The nerve supply to the muscles of the anterior abdominal wall

A

Travels between the internal oblique and transversus abdominis muscle

No additional information.

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17
Q

What is the action of rectus abdominis muscle on the trunk / lumbar spine?

A

Flexion

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18
Q

The lesser peritoneal sac (omental bursa) communicates with the greater peritoneal sac through the

A

Epiploic (omental) foramen

Example sentence: The epiploic foramen allows communication between the lesser and greater peritoneal sacs.

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19
Q

The visceral peritoneum is from _____ mesoderm.

A

Splanchnic

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20
Q

Which organs are considered to be secondary retroperitoneal?

A

A. Duodenum
B. Pancreas
C. Ascending colon

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21
Q

What foramen is responsible for the communication that occurs between the greater and lesser peritoneal sac?

A

Foramen of Winslow / Omental Foramen / Epipolic Foramen

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22
Q

What is the remnant of the umbilical vein?

A

Round ligament of the liver

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23
Q

What makes up the midgut?

A

A. 1/2 distal duodenum
B. 1/2 pancreas
C. Jejunum
D. Ileum
E. Cecum
F. Appendix
G. Ascending colon
H. 2/3 proximal transverse colon

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24
Q

What is the name of the ligament that is between the stomach and diaphragm?

A

Gastrophrenic ligament

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25
Q

Parasympathetic fibers from the vagus nerve innervate

A

Ascending colon

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26
Q

What is the arterial supply of the foregut?

A

Celiac trunk

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27
Q

What is the venous drainage for the hindgut?

A

Inferior mesenteric vein

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28
Q

What parasympathetic nerve is responsible for defecation?

A

Pelvic sphlancic

A. Pelvic sphlancic

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29
Q

Which sympathetic nerve synapses on the renal plexus?

A

Least sphlancic nerve

A. Least sphlancic nerve

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30
Q

What are examples of serous membrane?

A

The visceral and parietal peritoneum

A. Serous membrane

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31
Q

What parasympathetic nerve is responsible for defecation?

A

Pelvic sphlancic

A. Pelvic sphlancic

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32
Q

Which sympathetic nerve synapses on the renal plexus?

A

Least sphlancic nerve

A. Least sphlancic nerve

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33
Q

What is the arterial supply of the transverse colon?

A

Middle colic artery

A. Middle colic artery

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34
Q

What is the arterial supply of the rectum?

A

Superior rectal artery

A. Superior rectal artery

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35
Q

Where do all lymphatics from the abdomen collect?

A

Chyle cistern

A. Chyle cistern

36
Q

What is the largest and most mobile part of the large intestines?

A

Transverse colon

A. Transverse colon

37
Q

What embryonic structure is found in the inferior border of the falciform ligament?

A

Umbilical vein

A. Umbilical vein

38
Q

What is the anastomatic artery running along the border of the large intestine called?

A

Marginal artery

A. Marginal artery

39
Q

Which structure is a remnant of the embryonic ventral mesentery?

A

Falciform ligament

A. Falciform ligament

40
Q

Which artery supplies the terminal end of the ileum, the cecum, the appendix, and the proximal ascending colon?

A

Ileocolic artery

A. Ileocolic artery

41
Q

What is the name of the mesentery attached to the transverse colon?

A

Transverse mesocolon

A. Transverse mesocolon

42
Q

What is a characteristic unique to the small intestine?

A

Plicae circulares

A

43
Q

What divides the right and left lobe of the liver?

A

Falciform ligament

B

44
Q

At what vertebral level does the esophagus pass through the esophageal hiatus of the diaphragm?

A

T10

C

45
Q

What are the branches of the splenic artery?

A

Short gastric artery

Posterior gastric artery
Left gastro-omental artery

46
Q

Where does the right gastro-epiploic or omental artery branch from?

A

Gastroduodenal artery

E

47
Q

What is the name of the post-synaptic parasympathetic innervation of the stomach?

A

Celiac plexus

F

48
Q

What organ does the majority of the lymph that enters the thoracic duct come from?

A

Liver

G

49
Q

The internal opening of the hepatopancreatic ampulla is the

A

Major duodenal papilla

H

50
Q

In an embryo, the loop of the midgut and hindgut is is NOT destined to form what organ?

A

Stomach

I

51
Q

This embryonic structure is found in the inferior border of the falciform ligament

A

Umbilical vein

J

52
Q

What includes the portal triad?

A

Portal triad includes portal vein

Common bile duct

Proper hepatic artery

K

53
Q

Which arteries travel posterior to the pancreatic neck and anterior to the uncinate process?

A

Superior mesenteric arteries

L

54
Q

The body of what organ passes over the abdominal aorta and L2?

A

Pancreas

M

55
Q

The right and left vagal trunks pass through which opening in the diaphragm?

A

A. Esophageal hiatus

56
Q

Numbness, tingling, burning on the lateral aspect of the upper thigh is caused by compression of which nerve?

A

Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve

57
Q

The left gonadal vein usually drains into the

A

A. Left renal vein

58
Q

The embryological structure that gives rise to the ureter, renal pelvis, calyces, and collecting ducts is the

A

Ureteric bud

59
Q

The suprarenal glands

A

Are typically each drained by one vein

60
Q

The gonadal arteries arise from the abdominal aorta at the vertebral level of

A

L2

61
Q

Which structure within the hilum of the kidney is the most anterior?

A

Renal vein

62
Q

What fetal structure allows blood to bypass the right and left atrium through a shunt?

A

Foremen ovale

63
Q

What is the adult form of the ductus arteriosis?

A

Ligamentum arteriosum

64
Q

What is the adult form of the umbilical artery?

A

A. Medial umbilical fold

65
Q

What is the adult form of the ductus venosus?

A

Ligamentum venosum

66
Q

What is the vertebral level of the kidneys?

A

T12-l3

67
Q

Which renal structure is anterior to the renal arter?

A

Renal vein

68
Q

What is the embryological system that functions during weeks 6-10 of kidney development?

A

Mesonephros

69
Q

The urinary bladder is continuous with which structure?

A

Allantois

70
Q

Which embryological bud induces metanephros development?

A

Ureteric bud

71
Q

Where does the right suprarenal vein drain into?

A

Inferior vena cava

72
Q

The renal pelvis receives urine directly from the

A

Major calices

73
Q

Which kidney structure is responsible for filtration and oxygen exchange?

A

Glomerulus

74
Q

What nerve roots are responsible for motor innervation of the diaphragm?

A

A. C3, C4, C5

75
Q

What is the name of the opening in the diaphragm that the inferior vena cava travels through?

A

Caval

76
Q

What is the innervation of the quadratus lumborum?

A

A. T12, L1–4

77
Q

At what vertebral level does the inferior mesenteric artery divide into the common iliac arteries?

A

L4

78
Q

What nerve supplies motor innervation to the adductors and sensory to the medial thigh

A

Obturator

79
Q

Which suprarenal arteries branch directly from the aorta?

A

A. Middle suprarenal artery

80
Q

All of the following pertain to the abdominal aorta except

A

It only has 2 branches that supply abdominal viscera

81
Q

lesser omentum is a double layer of peritoneum which is attached to the

A

Duodenum Liver Stomach

82
Q

liver and falciform ligament form what mesentery

A

Ventral

83
Q

The bare area of the liver is bounded by the

A

A. Coronary ligament

84
Q

woman suffers fractures her left ribs 8-10. Which organ could be damaged that would cause internal bleeding?

A

Spleen (behind ribs 9-11)

85
Q

portal vein is formed by the union of the

A

Superior mesenteric Inferior mesenteric Splenic veins

86
Q

gastroduodenal artery bifurcates into the

A

Right gastro-omental and superior pancreatico duodenal

Gross Anatomy 3 (1 decks)

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