Abdominal Exam Flashcards
GI system extends from _____ to _____
Mouth to anus
Two main functions of GI tract?
Assimilate nutrients, eliminate waste
Which muscles form and protect the abdominal cavity?
Rectus abdominis, Internal/External obliques
Which structure of the abdominal wall contains the umbilicus?
Linea alba
The inguinal ligament is also known as what?
Poupart ligament
How long is the alimentary tract?
Mouth –> anus: 27 feet
Parts of the alimentary tract?
Esophagus, Stomach, SI, LI (colon)
How long is the esophagus?
10 in
How long is the SI?
21 feet
How long is the LI (colon)?
4.5-5 feet
Functions of the alimentary tract?
Ingest & digest food, absorb nutrients/electrolytes/water, excrete waste
What moves food through the alimentary tract under ANS control?
Peristalsis
What does the esophagus connect?
Pharynx to stomach
*posterior to trachea
How does the esophagus descend?
Through mediastinal cavity, diaphragm, and enters stomach at cardiac orifice
Shape of stomach?
Flask shape
How does the stomach lay in the abdominal cavity?
Transversely
Location of stomach?
Upper abdomen below diaphragm
Three sections of the stomach?
Fundus, Body, Pylorus
What does the stomach excrete to break down fats/proteins?
HC1 and enzymes
How much absorption takes place in the stomach?
Very little
What does the SI connect?
Stomach to LI
3 sections of SI coiled in the abdomen?
Duodenum, Jejunum, Ileum
Length of Duodenum?
12 in
Length of Jejunum?
8 ft
Length of Ileum?
12 ft
The duodenum contains openings for what?
Bile and pancreatic ducts
What prevents back-flow between the Ileum and LI?
Ileocecal valve
