Abdominal computed tomography - Antibiotic-resistant bacteria Flashcards
a radiographic procedure that produces a detailed cross-section of the tissue structure within the abdomen
abdominal computed tomography
a noninvasive test used to visualize internal organs by using very high frequency sound waves
abdominal ultrasound
the surgical puncture of the abdominal cavity to remove fluid
abdominocentesis
the removal of a body part or the destruction of its function
ablation
the interruption or termination of pregnancy before the fetus is viable
abortion
an injury in which superficial layers of skin are scraped or rubbed away
abrasion
a disorder in which the placenta separates from the uterine wall before the birth of the fetus
abruptio placentae
a closed pocket containing pus caused by a bacterial infection
abscess
a brief disturbance in brain function in which there is a loss of awareness often described as a staring episode
absence seizure
medications administered to treat hypertension and congestive heart failure
ACE inhibitors
analgesic that reduces pain and fever, but does not relieve inflammation
acetaminophen
inflammation of the Achilles tendon caused by excessive stress being placed on the tendon
Achilles tendinitis
a chronic inflammatory disease that is characterized by pustular eruptions of the skin caused by an overproduction of sebum around the hair shaft
acne vulgaris
a brain tumor that develops adjacent to the cranial nerve running from the brain to the inner ear
acoustic neuroma
immunity obtained having had contagious disease
acquired immunity
the advanced stage of an HIV infection
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)
enlargement of the extremities caused by excessive secretion of growth hormone after puberty
acromegaly
an excessive fear of heights
acrophobia
a precancerous skin growth that occurs on sun-damaged skin
actinic keratosis
include bathing, grooming, brushing teeth, eating, and dressing
activities of daily living (ADL’s)
a traditional Chinese touch therapy involving finger pressure applied to specific areas of the body
acupressure
a traditional Chinese medical practice using very thin acupuncture needles to specific areas of the body
acupuncture
an abnormal growth of bacteria in the mouth
acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis
sudden onset of kidney failure that may be caused by the kidneys not receiving enough blood to filter
acute renal failure
a life-threatening condition in which inflammation in the lungs and fluid in the alveoli lead to low levels of oxygen in the blood
acute respiratory distress syndrome
compulsive, uncontrollable dependence on a substance, habit, or practice
addiction
a condition that occurs when the adrenal glands do not produce enough cortisol or aldosterone
Addison’s disease
surgical removal of a gland
adenectomy
inflammation of a gland
adenitis
carcinoma derived from glandular tissue
adenocarcinoma
benign tumor that arises from, or resembles, glandular tissue
adenoma
abnormal softening of a gland
adenomalacia
abnormal hardening of a gland
adenosclerosis
any disease or condition of a gland
adenosis
a band of fibrous tissue that holds structures together abnormally
adhesion
cancer treatment used after the primary treatments have been completed to decrease the chance that a cancer will recur
adjuvant therapy
inflammation of the adrenal glands
adrenalitis
an undesirable reaction that accompanies the principle response for which the drug was taken
adverse drug reaction
excessive swallowing of air while eating or drinking
aerophagia
discolorations caused by sun exposure
age spots
an excessive fear of environments where the person fears a panic might occur
agoraphobia
occurs through contact with contaminated respiratory droplets spread by a cough or sneeze
airborne transmission
the swelling and clogging of the bronchial tubes with mucus
airway inflammation
occurs when food or a foreign object partially or completely blocks the airway and prevents air from entering or leaving the lungs
airway obstruction
a genetic condition characterized by a deficiency or absence of pigment in the skin, hair, and irises
albinism
the presence of the protein albumin in the urine
albuminuria
chronic alcohol dependence with specific signs and symptoms upon withdrawal
alcoholism
an abnormality of electrolyte balance caused by excessive secretion of aldosterone
aldosteronism
a substance that produces an allergic response in an individual
allergen
occurs when the body’s immune system reacts to a harmless allergen as if it were a dangerous invader
allergic reaction
an allergic reaction to airborne allergens
allergic rhinitis
an overreaction by the body to a particular antigen
allergy
a transplant in which the recipient receives bone marrow from a compatible donor
allogenic bone marrow transplant
conventional medical practices and systems of health care
allopathic medicine
the partial or complete loss of hair, most commonly on the scalp
alopecia
an autoimmune disorder that attacks the hair follicles, causing well-defined bald areas on the scalp or elsewhere on the body
alopecia areata
an uncommon condition characterized by the loss of all the hair on the scalp
alopecia totalis
the total loss of hair on all parts of the body
alopecia universalis
a general term for practices and systems of health care used in place of allopathic medicine
alternative medicine
a group of disorders involving the parts of the brain that control thought, memory, and language
Alzheimer’s disease
dimness of vision or partial loss of sight, especially in one eye, without detectable disease of the eye
amblyopia
the abnormal absence of menstrual periods for three months or more
amenorrhea
any error of refraction in which images do not focus properly on the retina
ametropia
a memory disturbance marked by a total or partial inability to recall past experiences
amnesia
a surgical puncture to remove amniotic fluid to evaluate fetal health and to diagnose certain congenital disorders
amniocentesis
a rapidly progressive neurological disease that attacks the nerve cells responsible for controlling voluntary muscles
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
a small crack-like sore in the skin of the anus that can cause severe pain during a bowel movement
anal fissure
a medication that relieves pain without affecting consciousness
analgesic
a severe, systemic response to an allergen
anaphylaxis
a change in the structure of cells and in their orientation to each other
anaplasia
a surgical connection between two hollow or tubular structures
anastomosis
marked by the decrease of the male hormone testosterone, gradually beginning in the later 40s and progressing very gradually over several decades
andropause
a disorder characterized by lower than normal level of red blood cells in the blood
anemia
the absence of normal sensation, especially sensitivity to pain
anesthesia
medication used to induce anesthesia
anesthetic
a localized weak spot or balloon-like enlargement of the wall of an artery
aneurysm
the surgical removal of an aneurysm
aneurysmectomy
surgical suturing of an aneurysm
aneurysmorrhaphy
episodes of severe chest pain due to inadequate blood flow to the myocardium
angina
the process through which the tumor supports its growth by creating its own blood supply
angiogenesis
the film produced by angiography
angiogram
a radiographic study of the blood vessels after the injection of a contrast medium
angiography
mechanically widening a narrowed or obstructed blood vessel
angioplasty
abnormal narrowing of a blood vessel
angiostenosis
the abnormal condition of lacking sweat in response to heat
anhidrosis
a condition in which the pupils are unequal in size
anisocoria
a form of rheumatoid arthritis that primarily causes inflammation of the joints between the vertebrae
ankylosing spondylitis
the loss of absence of mobility in a joint due to disease, injury, or a surgical procedure
ankylosis
a deviation from what is regarded as normal
anomaly
the loss of appetite for food, especially when caused by a disease
anorexia
an eating disorder characterized by a false perception of body appearance that leads to a refusal to maintain a normal body weight
anorexia nervosa
the visual examination of the anal canal and lower rectum
anoscopy
the absence of ovulation when it would normally be expected
anovulation
the absence of oxygen from the body’s tissues or organs despite adequate flow of blood
anoxia
medications to relieve indigestion or help peptic ulcers heal by neutralizing stomach acids
antacids
the form of pneumoconiosis caused by coal dust in the lungs
anthracosis
a contagious disease that can be transmitted through livestock
anthrax
cancer treatment that disrupts the blood supply to the tumor
antiangiogenesis
medication administered to control irregularities of the heartbeat
antiarrhythmic
develops when an antibiotic fails to kill all of the bacteria it targets. when this occurs, the surviving bacteria become resistant to that particular drug
antibiotic-resistant bacteria
