Abdominal Cavity Functions

Question 1

Stomach function

Answer 1

Chemically digest (stomach acid) and mechanically digest (muscular action) food bolus

Question 2

pyloric sphincter function

Answer 2

Regulate passage of food from stomach to duodenum

Question 3

duodenum function

Answer 3

Site of additional digestion from products of liver/pancreas, initiate nutrient absorption

Question 4

jejunum function

Answer 4

Absorption of nutrients

Question 5

ileum function

Answer 5

Absorption of nutrients

Question 6

ileocecal valve function

Answer 6

Regulates passage of digesta from ileum to cecum (between small and large intestines)

Question 7

Cecum function

Answer 7

Absorption of water, concentration of feces

Question 8

vermiform appendix function

Answer 8

No major function-hypothesized minor immune or gut microbiota function

Question 9

taeniae coli function

Answer 9

Band of connective tissue for attachment of muscle of large intestine

Question 10

descending, ascending, transverse and sigmoid colon function

Answer 10

Absorption of water, concentration of feces

Question 11

rectum function

Answer 11

Passage of feces out of digestive tract via anus

Question 12

liver function

Answer 12

Produces bile to digest fats, filters blood from portal circulation

Question 13

gallbladder function

Answer 13

Stores bile, contracts to release stored bile

Question 14

pancreas function

Answer 14

Produces digestive enzymes to break down food, bicarbonate to neutralize stomach acid, hormones to regulate sugar metabolism

Question 15

spleen function

Answer 15

Blood reservoir in adult

Question 16

kidney function

Answer 16

Urine concentration, salt and water balance

Question 17

renal pyramid function

Answer 17

Produce and concentrate urine from filtrate

Question 18

cortex function

Answer 18

Regulates water balance in blood

Question 19

major calyx function

Answer 19

Collect urine from minor calyces

Question 20

minor calyx function

Answer 20

Collect urine from renal pyramids

Question 21

renal pelvis function

Answer 21

Collect urine from major calyces to drain into ureter

Question 22

suprarenal gland function

Answer 22

Produce hormones to regulate stress and other metabolic functions