Abdominal Flashcards
Epigastric Pain
PUD, GERD, gallbladder disease, pancreatitis, trauma, idiopathic
Periumbilical
Functional abdominal pain, abdominal migraine, Strep pharyngitis, gastroenteritis, appendicitis, carbohydrate intolerance, lactase deficiency
RLQ pain
ovarian torsion, appendicitis, PID, ectopic pregnancy, Mittelschmerz, R lower lobe pneumonia, inguinal hernia, iliopsoas abscess, ovarian cyst, testicular torsion
LLQ pain
constipation, ovarian cyst, testicular torsion
Suprapubic pain
UTI, constipation, urinary retention, hydrometrocolpos
Abdominal Pain Red Flags
Bleeding, peri-rectal disease, involuntary weight loss, persistent vomiting, deceleration of linear growth, acholic stools, unexplained fever, dysphagia, persistent RUQ or RLQ pain, pain that wakes child from sleep, arthritis, nocturnal diarrhea, family Hx
Extra-abdominal Causes of Abdominal Pain
Pneumonia (visceral innervation), Strep pharyngitis, reproductive tract disease (STI, cyst, ectopic pregnancy, etc.), diabetic ketoacidosis, sickle cell disease
Guarding
Peritonitis, appendicitis, cholecystitis
No bowel sounds
Peritonitis, infarcted bowel
Palpable mass
Tumor, cyst, intussusception
Nutritional status
Wt, Ht, edema, anemia
Extra-abdominal features
Arthritis, uveitis, rash (erythema nodosum on shins, pyoderma granulosum)
Abdominal distention
Peritonitis, obstruction
Visible bowel loops
Intussusception, obstruction
High-pitched bowel sounds
Obstruction
Acute Abdomen
Crying, irritability, bloody stools, fever, hypothermia (heralds sepsis), omphalitis, severe pain
RUQ
Biliary: cholecystitis, cholelithiasis, cholangitis
Hepatic: hepatitis, hepatic abscess
Others: pneumonia, PE, pancreatitis, PUB, retrocecal appendicitis
LUQ
Splenic: splenic infarct, splenic laceration
Cardiac: myocardial infarction, pericarditis
Others: pneumonia, PE, pancreatitis, PUD, diaphragmatic hernia
Epigastric
Gastric: PUD, gastritis
Pancreatic: pancreatitis
Biliary: cholecystitis, cholelithiasis, cholangitis
RLQ
Colonic: appendicitis, cecal diverticulitis, cecal volvulus
GU: nephrolithiasis, ovarian torsion, PID, ectopic pregnancy, testicular torsion, inguinal hernia
Other: mesenteric adenitis
LLQ
Colonic: sigmoid diverticulitis
GU: nephrolithiasis, ovarian torsion, PID, ectopic pregnancy, testicular torsion, inguinal hernia
Other: abdominal aortic aneurysm
Gallbladder pain
RUQ to upper back
R subcostal pain
Liver and GB
Pain relieved by vomiting
SBO
Anorexia
SBO, appendicitis, cholecystitis
Comorbid diabetes
Pancreatitis
Acute pain with Hx of Afib
Mesenteric ischemia
Appendicitis
Periumbilical pain localizing to RLQ, anorexia, nausea, fever.
Rebound tenderness, Psoas sign highly predictive
Bowel Obstruction / SBO
Abdominal distention, nausea, anorexia, constipation
Distention is highly predictive