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Non-Invasive Peripheral Vascular > Abdominal > Flashcards

Abdominal Flashcards

1
Q

Endoleak Type I

A

From proximal or distal anastamosis.

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2
Q

Endoleak Type II

A

From branch of the aorta (eg. IMA, etc.)

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3
Q

Endoleak Type III

A

From junction between modular devices, or tears.

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4
Q

Endoleak Type IV

A

Graft porosity.

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5
Q

EDVG Problems (4)

A

Endoleaks
Migration, kinking
Endotension
Disassociation

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6
Q

Criteria for mesenteric ischemia (3)

A

2 of 3 splanchnic arteries stenosed or occluded
Celiac > 200 cm/sec
SMA > 275 cm/sec

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7
Q

Causes of portal vein occlusion (4)

A

Thrombosis secondary to cirrhosis
Tumor from liver or panceas
Pancreatitis
Schistosomiasis

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8
Q

Criteria for portal HTN (6)

A 
Flow < 15 cm/sec
PV diameter > 13mm
Splenomegaly > 13cm
Waveform to/fro or reversed
Hepatofugal direction of flow
Development of shunts
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9
Q

Budd-Chiari Syndrome symptoms:

hepatic vein obstruction

A 
hepatomegaly
abdominal pain
ascites
jaundice
hepatocellular dysfunction
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10
Q

Renal artery progression

A 
Renal arteries
  >Anterior - 4 segmental arteries
  >Posterior - 1 segmental artery
  >Segmental arteries: in renal pelvis
    >Interlobar arteries (in parenchyma)
      >Arcuate arteries (curve around corticomedullary junction)
        >Cortical branches (in cortex)
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11
Q

Criteria for Renal Artery Stenosis (5)

RAS

A 
Renal/Aortic ratio > 3.5
PSV > 180 cm/sec
Accel time > 0.1 sec
Accel index < 300 cm/sec2
Loss of early systolic peak
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12
Q

Criteria for aneurysm (1)

A

Diameter ≥ 1.5 times normal

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13
Q

Types of aneurysms (4)

A

True: all layers stretched
Pseudo: hole in atrial wall
Dissecting: separation of intima and media
Mycotic: infection destroys part of wall causing rupture

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14
Q

Renal artery doppler signature (2)

A

Low resistance

Early systolic peak

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15
Q

Forms of aneurysms (4)

A

Fusiform/Diffuse (gradual)
Bulbous/Focal (sharp)
Concentric: equal all around
Saccular: off to one side

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16
Q

Indications of Renovascular HTN (3)

A

Hypertension, esp. in younger patients
Decreased renal function
Abdominal bruit

17
Q

Hepatic vein Doppler signature

A

Phasic with pulsations from RA, often above and below baseline.

18
Q

Most common location for AAA?

A

Distal to the renal arteries.

19
Q

Symptoms of AAA?

A

Pain in abdomen, back, or legs.

20
Q

What is the 2 cm rule?

A

If the proximal portion of AAA is ≥2 cm beyond SMA origin, the renal arteries are probably not involved.

21
Q

3 objectives of aneurysm repair surveillance:

A

To determine if anastomoses feeding AAA.
To check for fluid collection.
To examine for hematoma, abcesses, pseudoaneurysms.

22
Q

Describe Median Arcuate Ligament syndrome:

A

The median arcuate ligament compresses the celiac artery during exhalation, causing pain.

23
Q

Describe the surgical anastomoses for renal allografts.

A

Renal artery: end-to-end for internal iliac artery, end-to-side for external iliac artery.
Renal vein: end-to-side for external iliac vein.
Ureter: to bladder with anti-reflux device.

24
Q

Kidney transplant complications (3):

A

Renal artery stenosis: from intimal damage.
Renal artery or Renal vein thrombosis: from surgical complications.
Pseudoaneurysms or artery to vein fistula (AVF).

25
Q

Portal vein HTN shunts (4):

A

Coronary-gastroesophageal
Splenorenal
Umbilical vein
Hemorrhoidal

26
Q

Criteria for renal parenchymal disease:

A

If Resistive Index > 80 then parenchymal disease, and fixing stenosis will not improve renal function.

27
Q

Formula for Resistive Index

A

RI = (PSV - EDV) / PSV

28
Q

Criteria for Aortic Aneurysm

A

> 3 cm diameter

29
Q

Criteria for Iliac Aneurysm

A

> 1.5 cm diameter

30
Q

Budd-Chiari Doppler signal

A

Changes from normal triphasic to monophasic, absent, reversed, or turbulant.

31
Q

Portal Cavernoma duplex signs (3)

A

Extrahepatic portal vein not visualized (no flow)
Multiple periport collaterals
Phasic flow in periport collaterals

32
Q

Thrombosis (Portal/IVC/Renal vein) duplex signs (3)

A

Visualization of thrombus
Lack of Doppler signal
Dilated vessel

Non-Invasive Peripheral Vascular (5 decks)

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