Abdomen muscles + joints anatomy

Question 1

Number of vertebral bodies in each section?

Answer 1

C7
T12
L5
S5
C4

Question 2

features of lumbar vertebral bodies?

Answer 2

deeper anterior than posterio
vertebral foramen is triangular
long transverse processes
short spinous process

Question 3

what is the joint between vertebral bodies? type of joint?

Answer 3

intervertebral discs
cartilagnious (made of fibrocartilage)
symphysis

Question 4

what strengthens the lumbar spine?

Answer 4

iliolumbar ligaments strengthen the lumbosacral joint (L5 -> S1)

Question 5

abdominal wall can be divided into what sections?

Answer 5

anterolateral and posterior

Question 6

layers of anterolateral abdominal wall?

Answer 6

skin
superficial fascia
muscles and associated fascia
parietal peritoneum

Question 7

at what point does the superficial fascia divide into layers?

Answer 7

below the umbilicus

Question 8

what are the layers of the superifical fascia below the umbilicus?

Answer 8

camper’s fascia (fatty superficial)
scarpa’s fasia (membranous deep)

Question 9

where does the linea alba run from?

Answer 9

xiphyoid process to pubic symphysis

Question 10

external oblique attachments?

Answer 10

ribs 5-12
inserts onto iliac crest and pubic tubercle

Question 11

external oblique action?

Answer 11

contralateral rotation of the torso

Question 12

external oblique innveration?

Answer 12

thoracoabdominal nerve T7-11
subcostal nerve T12

Question 13

internal oblique innveration?

Answer 13

thoracoabdominal nerve T7-11
subcostal nerve T12
branches of lumbar plexus

Question 14

internal oblique action?

Answer 14

both sides contract - compress abdo
one side - ipsilaterally rotates the torso

Question 15

internal oblique attachments?

Answer 15

originates inguinal ligament, iliac crest, lumbodorsal fascia
inserts ribs 10-12

Question 16

transversus abdominus attachments?

Answer 16

originates inguinal ligament, costal cartilages 7-12, iliac crest and thoracolumbar fascia
inserts onto xyphoid process, linea alba, pubic crest and conjoint tendon

Question 17

transversus abdominus action?

Answer 17

compress abdo

Question 18

layers of flat abdominal muscles?

Answer 18

from superficial to deep
external oblique
internal oblique
transversus abdominus

Question 19

what forms the linea alba?

Answer 19

aponeurosis of all flat abdominal wall muscles

Question 20

what splits the rectus abdominus?

Answer 20

linea alba
tendinous intersections (six pack)

Question 21

rectus abdominus attachments?

Answer 21

originates at crest of pubic bone
inserts xiphyoid process and costal cartilage ribs 5-7

Question 22

rectus abdominus innvertaion?

Answer 22

T7-11 thoracoabdominal nerves

Question 23

rectus abdominus actions?

Answer 23

compresses viscera
stabilises pelvis when walking

Question 24

pyramidalis actions?

Answer 24

tense line alba

Question 25

pyramidalis attachments?

Answer 25

pubic crest and pubic symphysis
inserts linea alba

Question 26

pyramidalis innervation?

Answer 26

subcostal nerve T12

Question 27

what does the rectus sheath enclose?

Answer 27

rectus abdominus and pyramidalis

Question 28

what forms anterior wall of rectus sheath?

Answer 28

aponeurosis of external oblique and half of internal oblique

Question 29

what forms the posterior wall of rectus sheath?

Answer 29

aponeurosis of half internal oblique and transversus abdominus

Question 30

what is the point of no posterior wall of rectus sheath? what is this called?

Answer 30

midway between umbilicus and pubic symphysis
rectus abdominus has direct contact with transversalis fascia
arcuate line

Question 31

transpyloric plane?

Answer 31

horizontal
L1 level
halfway between jugular notch and pubic symphysis

Question 32

intertubercular plane?

Answer 32

horizontal
between R and L iliac crests

Question 33

where are the vertical plane that divide the abdomen?

Answer 33

middle of clavicle to mid inguinal point

Question 34

quadratus lumborum attachments?

Answer 34

originates iliac crest
insert onto transverse processes of L1-4
inferior border of the 12th rib

Question 35

quadratus lumborum action?

Answer 35

extends and lateral flexion of vertebral column
fixes 12th rib during inspiration

Question 36

quadratus lumborum innervation?

Answer 36

anterior rami T12-L4

Question 37

psoas major attachments?

Answer 37

originates transverse processes of T12-L5
runs deep to inguinal ligament
attaches lesser trochanter of the femur

Question 38

psoas major action?

Answer 38

flex thigh at hip
lateral flexion vertebral column

Question 39

psoas major innervation?

Answer 39

anterior rami L1-3

Question 40

psoas minor attachment?

Answer 40

vertebral bodies T12 and L1
attaches at pectineal line

Question 41

psoas minor action?

Answer 41

flex vertebral column

Question 42

psoas minor innervation?

Answer 42

anterior rami of L1

Question 43

iliacus attachment?

Answer 43

originates anterior inferior iliac spine
inserts lesser trochanter (alongside psoas major)

Question 44

iliacus action?

Answer 44

flex and lateral rotation of thigh

Question 45

what covers the muscles of the posterior abdo wall?

Answer 45

parietal peritoneum

Question 46

iliacus innervation?

Answer 46

femoral nerve L2-4