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AB MRCS > Abdomen muscles + joints anatomy > Flashcards

Abdomen muscles + joints anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Number of vertebral bodies in each section?

A

C7
T12
L5
S5
C4

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2
Q

features of lumbar vertebral bodies?

A

deeper anterior than posterio
vertebral foramen is triangular
long transverse processes
short spinous process

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3
Q

what is the joint between vertebral bodies? type of joint?

A

intervertebral discs
cartilagnious (made of fibrocartilage)
symphysis

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4
Q

what strengthens the lumbar spine?

A

iliolumbar ligaments strengthen the lumbosacral joint (L5 -> S1)

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5
Q

abdominal wall can be divided into what sections?

A

anterolateral and posterior

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6
Q

layers of anterolateral abdominal wall?

A

skin
superficial fascia
muscles and associated fascia
parietal peritoneum

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7
Q

at what point does the superficial fascia divide into layers?

A

below the umbilicus

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8
Q

what are the layers of the superifical fascia below the umbilicus?

A

camper’s fascia (fatty superficial)
scarpa’s fasia (membranous deep)

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9
Q

where does the linea alba run from?

A

xiphyoid process to pubic symphysis

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10
Q

external oblique attachments?

A

ribs 5-12
inserts onto iliac crest and pubic tubercle

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11
Q

external oblique action?

A

contralateral rotation of the torso

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12
Q

external oblique innveration?

A

thoracoabdominal nerve T7-11
subcostal nerve T12

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13
Q

internal oblique innveration?

A

thoracoabdominal nerve T7-11
subcostal nerve T12
branches of lumbar plexus

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14
Q

internal oblique action?

A

both sides contract - compress abdo
one side - ipsilaterally rotates the torso

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15
Q

internal oblique attachments?

A

originates inguinal ligament, iliac crest, lumbodorsal fascia
inserts ribs 10-12

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16
Q

transversus abdominus attachments?

A

originates inguinal ligament, costal cartilages 7-12, iliac crest and thoracolumbar fascia
inserts onto xyphoid process, linea alba, pubic crest and conjoint tendon

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17
Q

transversus abdominus action?

A

compress abdo

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18
Q

layers of flat abdominal muscles?

A

from superficial to deep
external oblique
internal oblique
transversus abdominus

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19
Q

what forms the linea alba?

A

aponeurosis of all flat abdominal wall muscles

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20
Q

what splits the rectus abdominus?

A

linea alba
tendinous intersections (six pack)

21
Q

rectus abdominus attachments?

A

originates at crest of pubic bone
inserts xiphyoid process and costal cartilage ribs 5-7

22
Q

rectus abdominus innvertaion?

A

T7-11 thoracoabdominal nerves

23
Q

rectus abdominus actions?

A

compresses viscera
stabilises pelvis when walking

24
Q

pyramidalis actions?

A

tense line alba

25
Q

pyramidalis attachments?

A

pubic crest and pubic symphysis
inserts linea alba

26
Q

pyramidalis innervation?

A

subcostal nerve T12

27
Q

what does the rectus sheath enclose?

A

rectus abdominus and pyramidalis

28
Q

what forms anterior wall of rectus sheath?

A

aponeurosis of external oblique and half of internal oblique

29
Q

what forms the posterior wall of rectus sheath?

A

aponeurosis of half internal oblique and transversus abdominus

30
Q

what is the point of no posterior wall of rectus sheath? what is this called?

A

midway between umbilicus and pubic symphysis
rectus abdominus has direct contact with transversalis fascia
arcuate line

31
Q

transpyloric plane?

A

horizontal
L1 level
halfway between jugular notch and pubic symphysis

32
Q

intertubercular plane?

A

horizontal
between R and L iliac crests

33
Q

where are the vertical plane that divide the abdomen?

A

middle of clavicle to mid inguinal point

34
Q

quadratus lumborum attachments?

A

originates iliac crest
insert onto transverse processes of L1-4
inferior border of the 12th rib

35
Q

quadratus lumborum action?

A

extends and lateral flexion of vertebral column
fixes 12th rib during inspiration

36
Q

quadratus lumborum innervation?

A

anterior rami T12-L4

37
Q

psoas major attachments?

A

originates transverse processes of T12-L5
runs deep to inguinal ligament
attaches lesser trochanter of the femur

38
Q

psoas major action?

A

flex thigh at hip
lateral flexion vertebral column

39
Q

psoas major innervation?

A

anterior rami L1-3

40
Q

psoas minor attachment?

A

vertebral bodies T12 and L1
attaches at pectineal line

41
Q

psoas minor action?

A

flex vertebral column

42
Q

psoas minor innervation?

A

anterior rami of L1

43
Q

iliacus attachment?

A

originates anterior inferior iliac spine
inserts lesser trochanter (alongside psoas major)

44
Q

iliacus action?

A

flex and lateral rotation of thigh

45
Q

what covers the muscles of the posterior abdo wall?

A

parietal peritoneum

46
Q

iliacus innervation?

A

femoral nerve L2-4

AB MRCS (4 decks)

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