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SHB Exam 3 > Abdomen IV > Flashcards

Abdomen IV Flashcards

1
Q

What plexus meets inside the psoas major?

A

The lumbar plexus

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2
Q

Origin of the Psoas Major?

A

Transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae, bodies of vertebra and IVDs

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3
Q

Insertion of the Psoas Major?

A

Lesser trochanter of femur together with the iliacus tendon

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4
Q

Innervation of the Psoas Major?

A

Ventral rami of first 4 lumbar nerves

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5
Q

Action of the Psoas Major?

A

Acting superiorly with the iliacus, flexes hip.

Acting inferiorly, flexes vertebral column and trunk laterally.

Balances trunk in sitting position.

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6
Q

Origin of the Psoas Minor?

A

Vertebral margins of T12 - L1 and IVDs

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7
Q

Insertion of the Psoas Minor?

A

iliopectineal eminence

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8
Q

Action of the Psoas Minor?

A

Flexes pelvis on vertebral column

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9
Q

Innervation of the Psoas Minor?

A

Ventral rami of 1st lumbar nerve

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10
Q

Origin of Quadratus Lumborum?

A

12th rib and tips of lumbar transverse processes

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11
Q

Insertion of Quadratus Lumborum?

A

Iliolumbar ligament and iliac crest

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12
Q

Innervation of Quadratus Lumborum?

A

Ventral rami of T12 and first 4 lumbar nerves

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13
Q

Action of Quadratus Lumborum?

A

Extends and laterally flexes vertebral column

Fixes 12th rib during inspiration

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14
Q

Origin of Iliacus?

A

Iliac fossa, sacrum, anterior sacro-iliac ligaments

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15
Q

Insertion of Iliacus?

A

Lesser trochanter of femur and psoas major tendon

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16
Q

Innervation of Iliacus?

A

Femoral Nerve

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17
Q

Action of Iliacus?

A

Flexes hip and stabilizes hip joint

Acts with the psoas major

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18
Q

What are the openings of the diaphragm?

A

(I 8 (ate) 10 Eggs At 12 (noon)

Caval hiatus - T8 - transmits the IVC and occasionally the right phrenic nerve

Esophageal hiatus - T10 - transmits the esophagus and anterior and posterior trunks of Vagus

Aortic hiatus - T12 - transmits the Aorta, Thoracic duct, Azygos vein, and occasionally greater splanchnic nerve

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19
Q

What are the ligaments of the diaphragm and their functions?

A

Median arcuate ligament: unites crura a forms aortic hiatus.

Medial arcuate ligament: tendinous arch across the upper part of psoas major.

Lateral arcuate ligament: tendinous arch across the quadratus lumborum

20
Q

What are the crura of the diaphragm?

A

Right crus: supports esophageal hiatus; L1-L3

Left crus: L1 - L2

21
Q

What are the roots of the lumbar plexus?

A

L1, L2, L3, L4

22
Q

What are the lumbar plexus roots of the Iliohypogastric nerve ?

A

L1

23
Q

What are the lumbar plexus roots of the Ilioinguinal nerve?

A

L1

24
Q

What are the lumbar plexus roots of the Genitofemoral nerve?

A

L1-L2

25
Q

What are the lumbar plexus roots of the Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve?

A

L2-L3

26
Q

What are the lumbar plexus roots of the Femoral nerve ?

A

L2, L3, L4

27
Q

What are the lumbar plexus roots of the Obturator nerve?

A

L2, L3, L4

28
Q

What are the roots of the subcostal nerves?

A

T12

29
Q

What nerve pierces the psoas major?

A

Genitofemoral nerve

30
Q

What nerve is in the groove between the psoas major and iliacus, but lateral to the psoas?

A

Femoral Nerve (fatty, fanny)

31
Q

What nerve is medial to the psoas?

A

Obturator nerve (round, white, glistening)

32
Q

Which nerve runs in front of the liacus?

A

Lateral femoral cutaneous

33
Q

Which nerves are on top of the quadratus lumborum?

A 
Subcostal nerve (T12) 
Iliohypogastric nerve (L1) 
Ilioinguinal nerve (L1)
34
Q

Which kidney sits higher up and what is it’s relationship tot he ribs?

A

The left kidney (rib 11-12) is higher than the right (rib 12) due to the position of the liver.

35
Q

What are the parts of the kidney?

A

Cortex - forms the outer part of the kidney

Medulla - 8 to 12 renal pyramids - base is renal papilla

Minor Calyces - form Major Calyces, which empty into the renal pelvis of the ureter.

36
Q

What is the blood supply of the suprarenal glands?

A

Superior suprarenal artery from the inferior phrenic artery

Middle suprarenal artery from the abdominal aorta

Inferior suprarenal artery from the renal artery.

37
Q

What are the 3 sites of constriction in the ureter?

A
  1. Uretero-pelvic junction - where the ureter joins the renal pelvis.
  2. Pelvic inlet - where the ureter crosses the common iliac artery
  3. Ureterovesicular junction - where the ureter enters the wall of the urinary bladder (This is the narrowest point of the whole ureter)
38
Q

How do you differentiate the ureter from the gonadal arteries?

A

Ureters - run medially from the renal pelvis

Gonadal arteries - run laterally from the abdominal aorta

39
Q

What are the levels of the important branches of the abdominal aorta?

A

T12 - Celiac trunk and inferior phrenic

L1 - SMA, suprarenal arteries, renal arteries

L2 - Gonadal arteries

L3 - IMA

L4 - Right and left common iliacs

40
Q

The right gonadal vein ends as a tributary in the _______.

A

IVC

41
Q

The left renal vein receives which 2 tributaries?

A

left gonadal vein and left suprarenal vein

42
Q

What are the tributaries of the IVC?

A

Union of two common iliac veins ( from external & internal iliac veins) form the IVC

right gonadal & right suprarenal veins.

right and left renal veins

lumbar veins

inferior phrenic veins.

hepatic veins

Azygos vein

43
Q

Where does the cisterna chyli, which gives the thoracic duct, drain?

A

It drains at the junction between the left subclavian vein and the internal jugular vein ( jugular subclavian junction )

44
Q

What is the route of the left renal vein?

A

The left renal vein runs anterior to the abdominal aorta and left renal artery.

45
Q

What 3 structures are located at the hilum of the kidney (anterior to posterior)?

A

VAP

renal vein
renal artery
renal pelvis

SHB Exam 3 (14 decks)

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