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Anatomy2 > Abdomen > Flashcards

Abdomen Flashcards

1
Q

Which type of peritoneum lines the internal surface of the abdominopelvic wall?

A

Parietal peritoneum

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2
Q

What is the peritoneum?

A

Is a continuous serous membrane lining the abdominopelvic cavity and invests the viscera

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3
Q

Which nerve innervates the diaphragm?

A

Phrenic nerve

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4
Q

What are the two types of peritoneum?

A

Parietal and visceral

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5
Q

What is the visceral peritoneum?

A

Invests the viscera including the stomach and intestines

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6
Q

Which peritoneal layer is sensitive to pressure, pain, and temperature?

A

Parietal peritoneum

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7
Q

Foregut pain is associated with which region?

A

Epigastric region

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8
Q

Midgut pain is associated with which region?

A

Epigastric region

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9
Q

Hindgut pain is associated with which region?

A

Pubic pain

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10
Q

What is contained within the peritoneal cavity?

A 
Peritoneal fluid 
Lymphatic vessels (inferior surface of the diaphragm to absorb peritoneal fluid)
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11
Q

What is the function performed by peritoneal fluid?

A

Lubricates the peritoneal surfaces, enabling the viscera to move without friction
-Contains leukocytes and antibodies that resist infection

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12
Q

What layer lines the embryonic cavity?

A

Mesoderm

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13
Q

What type of organ are the kidneys?

A

Retroperitoneal

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14
Q

Which viscera are completely encapsulated within the peritoneal sac? (intraperitoneal organs)

A

Spleen and stomach

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15
Q

How are the viscera connected to the abdominal wall?

A

Mesentery

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16
Q

What is the mesentery?

A

Organ that attaches the intestine to the posterior abdominal wall

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17
Q

What forms the mesentery?

A

Double fold of peritoneum

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18
Q

Where does the greater omentum originate from?

A

Attaches to the greater curvature and proximal part of the duodenum

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19
Q

After descending, the omentum folds back and attaches to the anterior surface of which organ?

A

The transverse colon

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20
Q

Where does the lesser omentum attach from?

A

The lesser curvature of the stomach

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21
Q

Which ligament attaches the greater omentum to the transverse colon?

A

The gastrocolic ligament

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22
Q

Which ligament is associated with connecting the organ to the anterior abdominal wall?

A

Falciform ligament

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23
Q

Which ligament connects the liver to the lesser curvature of the stomach?

A

The hepatogastric ligament

24
Q

Which ligament connects the liver to the superior part of the duodenum?

A

The hepatoduodenal ligament

25
Q

Which ligament contains the portal triad?

A

The hepatoduodenal ligament

26
Q

Which ligaments are part of the lesser omentum?

A

1) Gastrohepatic ligament

2) Hepatoduodenal ligament

27
Q

Which ligament connects the stomach to the inferior surface of the diaphgram?

A

Gastrophrenic

28
Q

What are the three main ligaments of the stomach?

A

Gastrophrenic (Diaphragm)
Gastrosplenic (Spleen)
Gastrocolic (tranverse colon)

29
Q

How is the abdominal cavity divided into supracolic and infracolic compartments?

A

By the transverse mesocolon

30
Q

Which organs are located within the supracolic compartment of the peritoneal cavity?

A

Stomach
Spleen
Liver

31
Q

Which organs are located within the infracolic compartment of the peritoneal cavity?

A

Small intestine

Ascending and descending colon

32
Q

Which structure is formed by the lesser omentum and greater omentum?

A

Omentum bursa (Lesser sac)

33
Q

Which ligament traverses along the superior surface of the liver and attaches to the inferior surface of the diaphgram?

A

Coronary ligament

34
Q

What is the main function of the oesophagus?

A

Conduit for substrate transport between the pharynx and stomach

35
Q

Where does the oesophagus begin?

A

At the level of the cricoid cartilage

36
Q

What is the relationship between the positioning of the trachea and oesophagus?

A

The oesophagus resides posterior to the trachea

37
Q

At which vertebral layer does the oesophagus penetrate the diaphragm?

A

At T10

38
Q

What are the three constrictions of the oesophagus?

A

1) Thoracic
2) Diaphragmatic
3) Cervical

39
Q

Which nerve predominantly innervates the oesophagus?

A

Vagus nerve [X] forming the oesophageal nerve plexus around the inferior oesophagus

40
Q

Which ligament attaches the oesophagus to the diaphragm?

A

Phrenico-oesopahgeal ligament

41
Q

In which abdominal regions is the stomach located?

A

Epigastric
Umbilical
Left hypochondrium

42
Q

What are the four parts of the stomach?

A

Cardia
Fundus
Body
Pyloric part

43
Q

Which part of the stomach is associated with the oesophagus?

A

Cardia

44
Q

Which part of the stomach contains the sphincter to the duodenum?

A

Pyloric antrum (pyloric sphincter)

45
Q

In which plane does the stomach lie in the supine position?

A

Level of the transpyloric plane

46
Q

What are the three parts of the small intestine?

A

Duodenum
Jejunum
Ileum

47
Q

How any parts form the duodenum?

A

4

48
Q

Where does the pancreatic and common bile duct adjoin the duodenum?

A

At the ampulla of Vater.

49
Q

Which artery supplies the foregut?

A

Coeliac artery

50
Q

Which artery supplies the hindgut?

A

Inferior mesenteric artery

51
Q

Which artery supplies the midgut?

A

Superior mesenteric artery

52
Q

What is the main function of the lesser omentum?

A

The main function of the lesser omentum is to attach the stomach and duodenum to the liver.

53
Q

How do the greater and lesser sacs communicate?

A

Epiploic foramen

54
Q

What are the four main arteries that supply the stomach?

A

Left gastric
Right gastric
Right gastro-omental
Left gastro-omental

55
Q

What are the three main branches of the coeliac trunk?

A

Left gastric artery
Common hepatic artery
Splenic artery

Anatomy2 (1 decks)

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