abdomen Flashcards
Lobes of the liver
Left, caudate, quadrate, right
anatomical division of right and left lobe of liver
Porta hepatis
Which lobe does the caudate and quadrate lobe belong to?
Functionally, the caudate and quadrate lobe belong to the left lobe
why do the quadrate and caudate lobe belong to the left lobe?
They get their blood supply from the LEFT branches of the hepatic artery and portal vein +
they deliver their bile to the LEFT hepatic duct
what are the 4 anatomical SEGMENTS of the liver?
left lateral, left medial, right anterior, right posterior
Borders of the caudate lobe
Caudate lobe lies POSTERIORLY between the inferior vena cava (laterally) and the ligamentum venosum (medially)
Borders of the quadrate lobe
Quadrate lobe lies ANTERIORLY between the fossa of the gallbladder (laterally) and the groove of the ligamentum teres (medially)
What is the caudate process?
Caudate process is the isthmus of liver connecting the caudate lobe to the right lobe
Which structures are on the POSTERIOR surface of the liver
o bare area and its bounding ligaments
o part of the right suprarenal impression
o groove for the SVC
o the caudate lobe and the caudate process
o the fissure for the ligamentum venosum
o impression of the oesophagus and upper part of stomach
o tuber omentale of the pancreas
What structures lie on the visceral (inferior) surface of the liver?
o Porta hepatis
o Lesser omentum extending into the fissure for the ligamentum venosum
o Impressions for parts of the right kidney and suprarenal gland
o Second part of the duodenum and right colic flexure
o Gall bladder
o Quadrate lobe
o Fissure for the ligamentum teres
o Gastric impression
what are the borders of the bare area?
IVC forms the base
upper and lower layers of the coronary ligament form the sides of the bare area triangle
what structures are not covered by peritoneum in the bare area
The IVC and right suprarenal gland are not covered by peritoneum.
the lower layer of coronary ligament sweeps down over the right kidney into the hepatorenal pouch
What is the blood supply of the liver?
In:
- hepatic artery
- portal vein
Out:
- hepatic veins (x3)
what is the anatomical difference between the hepatic artery and portal vein
hepatic artery divides in Y-shape.
portal vein divides into T-shape
What is the anatomical difference between the right and left hepatic artery
right branch passes behind the hepatic duct to form anterior and posterior branches.
left branch divides into medial and lateral branches
where does the middle hepatic vein drain?
in 60% of people the middle hepatic vein joins the left hepatic vein before draining into the IVC
where does collateral blood flow come from in the liver?
collateral blood flow through anastomoses with the phrenic vessels eg on the bare area
What are the branches of the coeliac trunk?
common hepatic, left gastric, splenic artery
Common hepatic artery anatomical relation
purely retroperitoneal
passes over the pancreas downwards and to the right in the lesser sac
when does the common hepatic artery become the hepatic artery
the common hepatic artery changes its name when it curves upward into the space between the two layers of the lesser omentum
what are the branches of the common hepatic artery
hepatic artery, right gastric and gastroduodenal arteries
Where is the gallbladder located?
on the visceral surface of the right lobe next to the quadrate lobe
name the 3 parts of the gallbaldder
Fundus
body
neck
anatomical relations of the common hepatic duct
1cm above the duodenum and in front of the right hepatic artery and cystic arter
