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Anatomy Abdomen > Abdomen > Flashcards

Abdomen Flashcards

1
Q

where does the abdominal cavity extend to*

A

from thoracic cage to the 5th intercostal space in the supine position

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2
Q

what is the falciform ligament

A

attaches to anterior abdominal wall and divides liver into L and L lobes

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3
Q

Umbilicus level

A

L3 L4

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4
Q

linear semilunaris extension*

A

from 9th costal cartilage to pubis

it is 5-8 cm from medial plane ( represents lateral border of rectus abdominis muscle)

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5
Q

Where is the pubic tubercle *

A

2.5 cm laterally of the pubic symphysis

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6
Q

where is the Iliac tubercle located *

A

6 cm posterior to ASIS

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7
Q

Where is the subcostal plane located *

A

inferior margin of 10th costal cartilage thru L2-L3

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8
Q

where is the Transtubercular plane located *

A

through the iliac tubercles through body of L5

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9
Q

Where is the transpyloric plane located *****

A

midway between xiphosternal joint an the umbilicus through the inferior borders of L1*

many abdominal viscera are related to it*

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10
Q

Trans umbilical plane location *

A

through umbilicus L3 L4

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11
Q

The abdomen is divided into 4 quadrants by which horizontal plane

A

Trans umbillical plane L3 L4

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12
Q

the abdomen is divided into 9 regions why which horizontal planes

A

Subcostal plane L2/L3

trans tubercular plane L5

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13
Q

contents of RUQ

A

right lobe of liver, gall bladder pylorus of stomach duodenum part 1-3 right suprarenal land right kidney right colic flexure superior part of ascending colon and right half of transverse colon

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14
Q

contents of LUQ

A

left lobe of liver spleen stomach jejunum, proximal ileum pancreas body and tail left kidney left suprarenal gland left colic flexure transversecolon left half descending colon superior part

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15
Q

content RLQ

A

cecum vermifrom appendix most of leum ascending colon- inferior part R uterine tube, R ureter r spermatic cord uterus ( if enlarged) urinary bladder

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16
Q

Content LLQ

A

sigmoid colon desceding colon left ovary left uterine tube uterus ( enlarged) urinary bladder- if full

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17
Q

Fascia of anterior abdominal wall

A

superficial ( fatty– campers, membranous –scarpas) deep ( thin strong layer over superficial muscles)

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18
Q

campers fascia continuous with scarpas fascia is continuous with/ deep fascia continuous with

A

campers– superficial fascia of thigh scarpas– with fascia lata of leg deep layer– continuous with colle’s fascia of perineum

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19
Q

O I external oblique

A

O - external surface of 5th - 12th ribs I- linea alba, pubic tubercle, anterior half of iliac crest

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20
Q

N F external oblique

A

inferior six thoracic and subcostal nerves F- flex rotate trunk, support compress abdominal viscera

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21
Q

O I internal obliqu

A

O- thoracolumbar fascia anterior 2/3 of iliac crest and lateral half of inguinal ligament I- inferior border of ribs 10 11 12 and lined alba via the conjoint tendon

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22
Q

N F internal oblique

A

inferior 6 thoracic nerves F- flex rotate trunk, compress and support abdominal viscera

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23
Q

O I transversus abdominis

A

O- internal surfaces of costal cartilages 7-12, lateral 1/3 of inguinal ligament

24
Q

N F internal oblique

A

inferior 6 thoracic nerves F- compress and support abdominal viscera

25
Q

O I rectus abdominis

A

O- pubic symphysis I- typhoid process CC 5 6 7

26
Q

N F rectus abdominis

A

N- inferior 6 thoracic nerves F- flexes trunk and compresses abdominal viscera

27
Q

the EOM forms what inferiorly?

A

the INGUINAL LIGAMENT (axis to pubic tubercle) and superficial inguinal ring

28
Q

borders of superficial inguinal ring

A

Lateral- lateral crus medial- medial crus inferior- pubis

29
Q

lateral crus inserts on*

A

pubic tubercle

30
Q

medial crus inserts on*

A

pubic symphysis

31
Q

contents of superficial inguinal ring

A

spermatic cord- Male round ligament- female ilioinguinal nerve

32
Q

function of ilioinguinal nerve*

A

Supplies skin over superomedial aspect of thigh, also skin of lower inguinal region , mons pubis, scrotum and labia majora

33
Q

Cremasteric muscle is formed by what?*

A

Internal oblique muscle=

the spermatic chord passes thru these fibers forming the spermatic chord

the inguinal canal passes through and is formed in part by IOM

34
Q

what is the conjoint tendon*

A

it is the insertion of IOM and transversus abdominis onto the pubic symphysis

35
Q

The rectus sheath is made by

A

aponeurosis of EOM, IOM and transversus abdominis as they insert into the linea alba

36
Q

Upper 2/3 rectus sheath made by ( between costal margins and ASIS

A

EOM anteriorly

IOM - splits one part anteriorly, one part posteriorly

transversus abdominus posteriorly

37
Q

Lower 1/3 rectus sheath made by ( from ASIS to pubic symphysis)

A

Aponeurosis of all three abdominal muscles go anteriorly

the posterior part of rectus sheath is ONLY the transversalis fascia

38
Q

The internal spermatic fascia of spermatic cord is derived from what*

A

from the fascia transversalis

39
Q

Iliohypogastric nerve*

A

L1

skin over the upper inguinal region, skin over iliac crest in between internal and external oblique

40
Q

Ilioinguinal nerve *

A

L1 skin over the superomedial aspect of thigh

skin over lower inguinal region mons pubis and labia majora

NOT a content of the spermatic chord *

41
Q

Superior epigastric artery*

where it comes from and where it goes

A

branch of internal thoracic artery

enters rectus sheath superiorly and inferior to 7th CC

42
Q

Inferior epigastric artery*

comes from and where it goes

A

runs superiorly on transversalis fascia and enters arcuate line to get into rectus sheath

43
Q

What peritoneal folds are superior to umbillicus

A

Large median fold- contains falciform ligament

the free edge of falciform ligament is called the round ligament or ligamentum teres

44
Q

what does the ligamentum teres contain

A

the remnant of umbillical vein

45
Q

Peritoneal folds inferior to umbillicus and their contents *

A

Median umbillical fold- Urachus - (drains urine in fetus- )

medial umbilical fold- umbillical artery

lateral umbillical fold- inferior epigastric artery - patent

46
Q

Hesselbacks triangle*

A

inguinal triangle

medial border- rectus abdominis muscle

lateral border- inferior epigastric vessels

inferior border- inguinal ligament

47
Q

Hernias male v female

A

Female more likely to have femoral hernias due to their anatomy

males more likely to have inguinal hernias

48
Q

contents of inguinal canal

A

spermatic chord Male

round ligament female

ilioinguinal nerve

49
Q

Deep inguinal ring*

A

slit like opening in the fascia transversalis

50
Q

superficial inguinal ring

A

triangular opening of EOM

51
Q

indirect inguinal hernias*

A

More common*

leave abdominal cavity LATERAL to inferior epigastric vessels

transverse deep inguinal ring, inguinal canal and superficial inguinal ring

(follow same path as spermatic chord- so they would have the similar coverings)

indirect is within the spermatic chord*

52
Q

Direct inguinal hernias*

A

pass through hesselbachs triangle

leave abdominal cavity MEDIAL to inferior epigastric vessels

protrude ateriorly to posterior wall of inguinal canal

Direct parallels the spermatic cord*

53
Q

Contents of the spermatic cord*

A

Vas deferens

testicular artery

testicular veins that from the pampinifrom plexus*

genital branch of genitofemoral nerve ( supplies cremaster muscle)

arteroes to vas deferens

remnant of processus vaginalis

lymphatic vessels -

autonomic sympathetic nerves

54
Q

Where does the right testicular vein drain into*

A

leaves panpiniform plexus as a single vein and drains directly into IVC at L1

55
Q

Where does right testicular vein drain into

A

drains into left renal vein at L1

more chance of back up

56
Q

what should you know about the ilioinguinal nerve

A

its a content of inguinal canal but NOT a content of the spermatic chord

57
Q

cremasteric abdominal reflex

A

absence indicates corticospinal injury - strike the thigh- causes that testicle to rise

From genitofemoral nerve (L1- L2)

femoral branch (afferent)- supplies skin of thigh

genital branch ( efferent) supplies cremaster muscle

Anatomy Abdomen (5 decks)

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