Abdomen Flashcards
Why is an AP supine abdomen called a KUB?
The image is used to visualize Kidneys, Ureters, Bladder
What exam replaces the AP erect if the patient cannot stand?
left lateral decubitus
what must be included on an AP erect as well as a left lateral decub?
Diaphragm
What are the recommended breathing instructions for abdominal imaging?
Expiration
Recommended kVp for abdominal imaging?
70-80
Comparing two images of the abdomen, how would you be able to tell which one is a horizontal beam or vertical beam?
Horizontal beam- air-fluid levels would be visible
vertical- no air-fluid levels present
How does a bowel obstruction present itself on an image?
Lots of trapped air in bowels
Are abdomens performed to diagnose pathology or rule out?
Rule out due to the large amount of soft tissue, you wouldn’t be able to see a variety pathology. Used to rule out by viewing air, fluid, possible artifacts (stones, objects, etc)
What is the highest landmark needed on a KUB?
11th rib on the LEFT side due to the left kidney being higher than the right
why is the left kidney higher than the right?
On the right side, the large liver takes up space where kidney would sit.
Define proximal in regards to the digestive system.
Proximal means closest to the beginning. Proximal=closest to mouth. Esophagus is proximal.
Define distal in regards to the digestive system.
Distal means closest to the end or farthest from beginning. Rectum is distal.
Define contraindicated.
On an order, means DO NOT USE. Can be used to indicate allergy to contrast, etc.
How would one position 2 crosswise IRs?
The top of the lower is just above the iliac crest. The bottom of the top just below the iliac crest.
Which exam would be performed first on an ambulatory patient: AP erect or AP supine?
AP erect. The patient comes in upright for a period of time, which is what we want when performing an erect.
Free air in the abdominal cavity?
pneumoperitoneum
What two large abdominal muscles extend next to the lumbar spine and are indicators of a well-exposed KUB?
psoas muscles
which of the following is not an accessory organ of the digestive system?
a. spleen
b. pancreas
c. liver
d. gallbladder
A. Spleen.
The pancreas is classified as a(n) _______ structure.
intraperitoneal
retroperitoneal
infraperitoneal
extraperitoneal
Intraperitoneal
The sigmoid colon is located in the ____ quadrant.
RUQ
LUQ
LLQ
RLQ
LLQ
Which of the following projections will best demonstrate intraperitoneal free air?
KUB
Dorsal decubitus
Left lateral decubitus
PA chest
Left Lateral Decubitus; free air will move away from the gastric air located on the left side.
How does one assess whether the patient was rotated?
- Ischial wings are not symmetrical
- Spinous processes are not centered in the vertebral bodies
- Ribs are not equidistant from spine
