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Anatomy Written - Abdomen > Abdomen > Flashcards

Abdomen Flashcards

1
Q

Rectus Abdominus is intersected horizontally by ____ and vertically by ____

A

Tendinous interection

Linea Alba

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2
Q

Formed by the free inferior border of the external oblique aponeurosis

A

Inguinal Ligament

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3
Q

Layers of anterior abdominal wall, out > in

A 
Skin
Sub Q Fat, "Camper's Fascia"
Deep Membranous Sub Q Tissues, "Scarpa Fascia"
Rectus Fascia *Separated by *Investing Fascia*
      - External Oblique
      - Internal Oblique
      - Transverse Oblique 
Endoabdominal Transversalis Fascia
Extraperitoneal Fat
Parietal Peritoneal
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4
Q

Three layers of muscles of anterolateral abdominal wall (Out > In)

A

External Oblique - attaches to Iliac Crest
Internal Oblique
Transverse Abdominus
Rectus Abdominus

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5
Q

A horizontal line that demarcates the lower limit of the posterior layer of the rectus sheath. It is also where the inferior epigastric vessels perforate the rectus abdominis.

A

Arcuate Line

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6
Q

Where do nerves of abdominal wall travel

A

Between Internal Oblique and Transversus Abdominis muscles

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7
Q

5 nerve groups that innervate abdominal wall

A 
Thoracoabdominal nerves (T7 - T11)
   **Anterior cutaneous branches and lateral cutaneous branches**

Subcostal nerve, lateral and anterior cutaneous branch, (T 12)

Iliohypogastric nerve (L1)

Iliolingual nerbe (L1)

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8
Q

Abdominal Wall Arteries

A

Superior Epigastic (where does it come from? Internal Thoracic Artery?)

Inferior Epigastric
Superficial Epigastric
External Iliac (leads to above two arteries?)
Femoral (leads to external iliac)

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9
Q

Pros of Midline Vertical Incision

A

More surgical visibility
Incision is extendable
Lower risk of infection, especially if patient is obese

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10
Q

Cons of Midline Vertical Incision

A

Higher risk of Dehiscence

Cosmetic

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11
Q

Pros of Low Transverse Incision

A

Cosmesis

Lower risk of Dehiscence

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12
Q

Abdominal folds

A

Lateral - Inferior epigastric artery
Medial - Obliterated fetal umbilical artery
Median - Obliterated fetal urachus

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13
Q

Where is the internal inguinal ring and what travels through it?

A

Lies near Lateral Abdominal Fold

Indirect Inguinal Hernias
Testis 
Ductus Deferens
Testicular artery and vein
Spermatic cord
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14
Q

Where is the external inguinal ring and what travels through it?

A

Just anterior to the Medial Fold (fetal umbilical a.)

Direct inguinal hernias

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15
Q

Recesses in the peritoneal cavity between the anterior part of the liver and the diaphragm, separated into R and L by the falciform ligament

A

Subphrenic Space

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16
Q

Lesser Sac

A

Lesser omentum, between liver and stomach
Omental foramen
Omental bursa

Celiac trunk and Pancreas? inside

17
Q

Where do lower and middle esophagus blood supply drain?

A

Azygous system

18
Q

Where do middle and lower rectum blood supply drain?

A

Pudendal Vein > Internal Iliac System > Inferior Vena Cava

19
Q

Two venous detours used when there’s Portal Hypertension

A

Iliac System (rectum)

Azygous System (lower esophagus)

20
Q

Branches off abdominal aorta, top-down

A 
Celiac Trunk
Superior Mesenteric
Renal
Inferior mesenteric
Common Iliac
External Iliac
Internal Iliac
Femoral
21
Q

At what area of the spine does the aorta bifurcate

A

L4

22
Q

3 Main branches of the Celiac Trunk

A

Left Gastric
Splenic
Common Hepatic

23
Q

Common Hepatic branches / organs

A

Left Hepatic
Right Hepatic
Cystic

Right Gastric
Pancreato-duodenal

Supplies:
Liver, gallbladder, stomach, duodenum, pancreas (head and neck)

24
Q

Left Gastric Branches / organs

A

Gastric artery branches
Esophageal branches

Supplies:
Stomach and esophagus

25
Q

Splenic branches / organs

A

Pancreatic
Short gastric
Splenic

Supplies:
Spleen, stomach, pancreas (neck body tail)

26
Q

Branches of the Superior Mesenteric Artery

A

Inferior Pancreatoduodenal (head of panc, lower duod)
Intestinal (ileum and jejunum)
Ileocolic (last part ileum, cecum, appendix)
Right Colic (ascending colon)
Middle Colic (transverse colon)

27
Q

Branches of Inferior Mesenteric Artery

A

Left colic artery (descending colon)
Sigmoid branches
Superior rectal artery (terminal IMA)

Anatomy Written - Abdomen (1 decks)

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