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Radposi 2 > Abdomen > Flashcards

Abdomen Flashcards

1
Q

Gallbladder position varies with body habitus. Note the extreme difference in position of the gallbladder between the __ and__ habitus.

A

hypersthenic & asthenic

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2
Q

Body is large and heavy,bony framework is thick, short and wide, Heart: axis nearly transverse,Lungs: short, apices near clavicles,Diaphragm: high,Stomach: high, transverse and in the middle,Colon: around periphery of abdomen,Gallbladder: high, outside lies more parallel, Build: massive,Abdomen: long,Thorax: short, broad, deep,Pelvis: narrow

A

Hypersthenic (massive)

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3
Q

Athletic build similar to hypersthenic,but modified by elongation of abdomen and thorax,Heart: moderately transverse,Lungs: moderate length,Diaphragm: moderately high, Stomach: high, upper left, Colon: spread evenly, slight dip in transverse colon Gallbladder: centered on right side, upper abdomen,Build: moderately heavy,Abdomen: moderately long,Thorax: moderately short, broad and deep,Pelvis: relatively small

A

Sthenic (average)

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4
Q

Somewhat slighter, less robust, similar to asthenic but stomach,intestines and gallbladder situated higher in the abdomen The organs and characteristics for this body habitus are intermediate between the sthenic and asthenic body habitus types. This body habitus is the most difficult to classify.

A

Hyposthenic (slender)

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5
Q

Body is slender and light, bony framework is delicate, Heart: nearly vertical and at midline, Lungs: long, apices above clavicles, maybe broader above base, Diaphragm: low, Stomach: low and medial, in the pelvis when standing, Colon: low, folds on itself, Gallbladder: low and nearer the midline, Build: frail,Abdomen: short,Thorax: long, shallow,Pelvis: wide

A

Asthenic (very slender)

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6
Q

Anatomy summary RUQ

A

Liver, gallbladder, right colic (hepatic flexure), doudenum, right kidney, head of pancreas, right supra renal gland

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7
Q

anatomy summary LUQ

A

Spleen, stomach left colic (splenic flexure), tail of pancreas, left kidney, left suprarenal gland

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8
Q

anatomy summary RLQ

A

Ascending colon appendix (vermiform), cecum 2/3 ileum, ileocecal valve

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9
Q

anatomy summary LLQ

A

descending colon, sigmoid colon, 2/3 jejunum

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10
Q

Organs in right hypocondriac

A

Liver, gb, right kidney, small intestine

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11
Q

Organs in epigastric region

A

Stomach, liver, pancreas, duodenum, spleen, adrenal glands

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12
Q

Organs in left hypocondriac

A

Spleen, colon, left kidney, pancreas

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13
Q

Organs in right lumbar

A

Gb, liver, right colon

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14
Q

Organs in Umbilical region

A

Umbilicus (navel), parts of Small intestine, duodenum

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15
Q

Organs in left lumbar

A

Descending colon, left kidney

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16
Q

Organs in Right iliac

A

Appendix, cecum

17
Q

Organs in hypogastric region

A

UB, sigmoid colon, female reproductive organs

18
Q

organs in Left iliac

A

Descending colon & sigmoid colon

19
Q

Localized dilatation of abdominal aorta

A

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA)

20
Q

Inflammation of appendix

A

Appendicitis

21
Q

Narrowing of bile ducts

A

Biliary stenosis

22
Q

Blockage of bowel lumen

A

Bowel obstruction

23
Q

Acute or chronic inflammation of GB

A

Cholecystitis

24
Q

Calculus in the common bile duct

A

Choledocholithiasis

25
Q

Presence of gallstone

A

Cholelithiasis

26
Q

Failure of bowel peristalsis

A

Ileus

27
Q

Transfer of cancerous lesion from one area to another

A

Metastases

28
Q

Presence of air in the peritoneal cavity

A

Pneumoperitoneum

29
Q

New tissue growth where proliferation is uncontrollable

A

Tumor

30
Q

Recurrent disorder causing inflammatory ulceration in the colon

A

Ulcerative colitis

31
Q

Ap abdomen or KUB projection

Postion of px-
Part position-
Respiration-
Cr-
Ss-

A

Place px in supine/upright position (supine is preferred for most initial examination of abdomen)

Center midsagittal plane of body to midline of grid device
Px supine place support under the knees to relieve strain
For supine position center ir at level of iliac crest and ensure pubic symphysis is included
For upright center ir 2in (5cm) above level of iliac crest or high enough to include diaphragm

Suspend at end of expiration

Perpendicular to ir level of iliac crest to include pubic symphysis for supine
Horizontal & 2in (5cm) above level of iliac crest to include diaphragm for upright

Shows size & shape of liver, kidney, spleen and intraabdominal calcification or tumor masses

32
Q

Pa projection upright abdomen

Px position
Part position
Cr
Ss

A

px in upright position place anterior abdominal surface in contact with vertical grid device, center abodminal midline or midline of IR

Center 2in (5cm) above level of iliac crest or high enough to include diaphragm for upright position

Horizontal 2in (5cm) above level of iliac crest to include diaphragm for upright position

Show shape and size of kidney, liver, spleen, intraabdominal calcification and tumor masses, abdominal soft tissue masses, umbilical hernia, aneurysm of aorta calcifications maybe performed for localization of foreign bodies

33
Q

Abdomen Ap projection l lateral decubitus position

Px position
Part position
Respiration
Cr
Ss

A

If px too tall to stand place him/her in lateral recumbent position lying on radiolucent pad on transport cart, use left lateral decubitus in most situation, place px arms above level of diaphragm so they are not projected over any abdominal contents, flex px knee slightly to stablize

Adjust height of vertical grid device so the long axis of ir is centered to midsagittal plane, adjust px to ensure a true lateral is attained

Suspend at end of expiration

Directed horizontal and perpendicular to midpoint of the IR

Show size and shape of liver spleen kidney, px in left decubitus position is most valuable for demonstrating air or fluid levels when upright abdomen projection cannot be obtained

34
Q

Abdomen lateral projection

Px position
Part position
Respiration
Cr
Ss

A

Turn px to lateral recumbent position on either L or R

Flex px knee to a comfortable position, adjust the body so that the midcoronal plane is centered to midline of grid, place support between knees and ankle, flex elbow and place hand under px head

Suspend at end of expiration

Perpendicular to ir and entering midcoronal plane at level of iliac crest 2in (5cm) above iliac crest if diaphragm is included

Demonstrates prevertebral space occupied by abdominal aorta, as well as any intraabdominal calcifications or tumor masses

35
Q

Abdomen lateral projection decubitus position

Px position
Part position
Respiration
Cr
Ss

A

If px cannot stand or lie on side place px in supine position on a transportation cart or other suitable support with L or R side in contact with vertical grid device

Adjust height of vertical grid device so that long axis of IR centered to midcoronal plane, position px to a point approximately 2in (5cm) above the level iliac crest is centered to the IR

Suspend on end of expiration

Perpendicular to ir entering midcoronal plane at level of iliac crest 2in (5cm)

Demonstrate prevertebral space and quite useful in determining the air fluid levels in the abdomen

Radposi 2 (10 decks)

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