Abdomen Flashcards
State the insertion and origin of the external oblique muscle
Origin: External surface and inferior borders of lower 8 ribs (5-12)
Insertion: Anterior half of iliac crest to ASIS
State the innervation of external oblique muscle
T7-12
Intercostal nerves (T7-11)
Subccostal nerve (T12)
State the origin and insertion of internal oblique muscle
Origin: Lateral half of iguinal ligament, iliac crest, thoracolumbar fascia
Insertion: Inferior border of costal cartillage of ribs 12-9/10, linea alba, pubic crest
State the innervation of internal oblique muscles
T7-12 and L1
Intercostal nerves T7-11
Subcostal nerve T12
Iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal nerves (L1)
State the origin and insertion of the rectus abdominis
Origin: Pubic symphysis
Insertion: Costal cartillage of ribs 5-7, Xiphoid process
State the innervation of the rectis abdominis
T7-12
Intercostal nerves (T7-11)
Subcostal nerve (T12)
State the origin and insetion of cremaster muscle
Origin: middle portion of inguinal ligament (continuation of internal oblique muscle)
Insertion: Pubic tubercle and pubic crest
State the innervation of the cremaster muscle
L1 and L2
Genitofemoral nerve (L1 and L2)
State the insertion and origin of qudaratus lumborum muscle
Origin: Transverse process of L3-L5 lumbar vertebrae, iliolumbar ligament, iliac crest
Insertion: Lower border of rib 12, transverse proccesses of L1-L3 lumbar vertebrae
State the innervation of quadratus lumborum muscle
T12, L1-L4
Subcostal nerve (T12)
L1-L4 nerves
State the origin and insertion of the respiratory diaphragm.
Origin: Thoracic outlet, xiphoid process, costal cartillages rib 6-12, L1-L3 vertebrae
Insertion: Central tendon
State the innervation of the respiratory diaphragm.
C3. C4, C5 keep the diaphragm alive
Phrenic nerve (C3-5)
What supplies sympathetic innervation to the abdominal viscera?
Sympathetic nerves from thoracic (T5-12) and upper lumbar splanchnic nerves which synapse with 3 major ganglion (coeliac, superior mesenteric and inferior mesenteric).
What supplies parasympathetic innervation to the abdominal viscera?
Vagus nerve (Upper 2/3rds of abdominal viscera)
Lower third: S2-4 via pelvic splachnic nerves
Pelvic viscera and lower abdominal viscera recieve parasympathetic nerve supply from which spinal cord levels?
S2-4
The abdominal aorta enters the abdomen via?
What vertebral level does this occur?
Enters abdomen via the aortic hiatus
T12
The abdominal aorta divides into the common iliac arteries at which vertebral level?
L4
The inguinal canal extends from which 2 rings?
Deep inguinal rings
Superficial inguinal rings
What structure traverses through the inguinal canal?
Spermatic cord
The superior mesenteric artery provides all blood supply to which 3 structures?
Small intestine
Appendix
Ascending colon
What 3 blood vessels supply the suprarenal gland?
State where these arteries branch from
Inferior phrenic artery (Abdominal aorta)
Middle suprarenal artery (Abdominal aorta)
Inferior suprarenal artery (Branch of renal artery)
The left and right gonadal veins drain into which structures?
Right gonadal vein: Inferior vena cava
Left gonadal vein: Left renal vein
The inferior vena cava peirces the diaphragm at which vertebral level?
T8
(Hiatus of Vena Cava)
Veins draining from which 4 structures forms the portal venous system?
Veins draining form:
GI tract
Spleen
Pancreas
Gall bladder
