Abdomen

Question 1

What is AXR used to diagnose?

Answer 1

Bowel obstruction only.

Not very good at diagnosing abdominal issues.

Question 2

What is the best form of imaging for the abdomen?

Answer 2

CT scan

Question 3

What may cause RIF pain?

Answer 3

Appendicitis
Renal colic
Tubo-ovarian pathology

Question 4

What is first-line test in the investigation of acute appendicitis?

Answer 4

USS

Question 5

What is the gold standard test for renal ureteric calculus?

Answer 5

Non-contrast CT KUB

Question 6

What may cause LIF pain?

Answer 6

Colitis
Diverticulitis
Colorectal cancer
Tubo-ovarian pathology
Renal colic

Question 7

What patients are most at-risk of diverticulitis?

Answer 7

Elderly

Question 8

How is diverticulitis diagnosed?

Answer 8

CT with IV contrast

Question 9

Where does pain of acute cholecystitis present?

Answer 9

RUQ

Question 10

What is MRCP?

Answer 10

An MRI of the biliary tree.

Question 11

How is acute cholecystitis treated?

Answer 11

Aim to treat conservatively.

May need ERCP, surgery or percutaneous radiology.

Question 12

What is a major sign of pancreatitis?

Answer 12

Severely elevated serum amylase.

Question 13

What are potential causes of perforation?

Answer 13

Ulcers
Diverticulae
Cancer
Ischaemia

Question 14

What does a history of vomiting, colicky pain and a change in bowel habit suggest?

Answer 14

Bowel obstruction

Question 15

What is first-line investigation in bowel obstruction?

Answer 15

AXR

Question 16

What should be suspected in large bowel obstruction?

Answer 16

Colorectal cancer until proven otherwise.

CT best to investigate.

Question 17

Where is the small bowel located?

Answer 17

Centrally

Question 18

Where is the large bowel located?

Answer 18

Peripherally

Question 19

What is the main cause of bowel ischaemia?

Answer 19

Arterial occlusion

Presents when only 10% of the bowel is perfused.

Will have metabolic acidosis.

Question 20

How does leaking AAA present?

Answer 20

Pain
Hypotension
Pulsatile abdominal mass

Question 21

How is AAA investigated?

Answer 21

CT with contrast.

Question 22

What direction of dislocation is more common in shoulder injury?

Answer 22

Anterior