ABDO: GI TRACT & ACCESSEORY ORGANS

Question 1

PANCREATIC DIVISIONS

Answer 1

Head- med desc duo gastroduodenal art CBD, Uncinate process post smv ant ivc, Neck (2.5cm), post pyloric @ portal confluence. Body- ant. Tail.

Question 2

PANCREAS

Answer 2

In epigastric, L hypo regions, trans/oblique 12-18cm. Drains into duo. Surrounded by atrum and pyloric stomach, spleen, duo, smv, ivc, splenic vein. Main pan duct, ampulla of Vater, sphincter of oddi, duct of santorini. Great and dorsal pancreatic, panduo (head) arts. Splenic, SMV.

Question 3

SPLEEN

Answer 3

LUQ/hypo, fundus of stomach, diaphragm, 9-11th ribs, 13cm (max), L kid, pan tail, dia, pleura, L lung ribs. Splenic hilum- splenic a/v, lymphatic vessels, nerves. Porto-splenic confluence. Ligaments: gastro, phrenic.

Question 4

GI TRACT

Answer 4

Stom: R & L gas art, gastroepiploic branches of hepatic art, L gastroepiploic, veins parallel. SI: sma- 1/2 duo to trans col, veins SMV branches. LI: SMA/IMA branches (colic).

Question 5

U/S BOWEL WALL

Answer 5

Mucosal: bright, highly reflective
Deep mucosal: hypoechoic (in comparison)
Submucosal: hyperechoic
Muscularis: hypo
Serosal: hyper

Question 6

PANCREATIC CONGENITAL VARIATIONS

Answer 6

Annular: head strangles duo
Division: failure of fusion of dors vent
Ectopic: tissue grows in other organs
Agenisis: parts/all pan fail to develop.

Question 7

SPLENIC CONGENITAL VARIATIONS

Answer 7

Splenosis: extra splenic tissue
Wandering: migration from LUQ
Asplenia: failure to develop tissue
Polysplenia: multiple small spleens
Splenomegaly: enlarged spleen