Abdo

Question 1

Causes of hepatomegaly

Answer 1

Cirrhosis
Cancer
Congestive cardiac failure
Infectious (HBV/ HCV)
Immune (PBC, PSC and AIH)
Infiltrative (amyloid and myeloproliferative)

Question 2

PBC antibodies

Answer 2

Anti mitochondrial antibody and increased IgM

Question 3

PSC antibodies

Answer 3

ANA
Anti smooth muscle

Question 4

Child Pugh main features

Answer 4

Bilirubin
Albumin
INR
ascites
Encephalopathy

Question 5

Complications of haemochromatosis

Answer 5

Endocrine; diabetes, hypogonadism
Cardiac; ccf
Joints; pseudo gout

Question 6

Causes of splenomegaly

Answer 6

Massive: >8cm myeloproliferative disorders (CML and myelofibrosis)

Moderate: myelo/lymphoproliferative disorders, infiltration (gaucher’s and amyloid)

Tip: as above, portal htn, infections (EBV, IE, hepatitis), haemolytic anaemia

Question 7

Indications for splenectomy

Answer 7

Trauma

ITP and hereditary spherocytosis

Question 8

Ascitic tap what to send

Answer 8

Cell count
Cytology ?ca
Gram stain
Amylase

Question 9

SAAG

Answer 9

Serum ascites albumin gradient
>1.1 g/DL = portal htn ccf
<1.1 g/DL = malignancy, pancreatitis or TB

Question 10

Cardiac complication of PCKD

Answer 10

mitral valve prolapse

Question 11

Drug to slow progression of PCKD

Answer 11

Tolvaptan