ABCDE - General Flashcards

1
Q

What are some things to look at/for during ‘E’?

A

Bleeding/bruising, rashes, signs of infection, lines/drains, calves

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2
Q

Urine output is considered to be reduced if it is less than what?

A

0.5ml/kg/hour

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3
Q

What is the normal range for respiratory rate?

A

12-20

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4
Q

What additional blood tests should be done in a patient with potential sepsis?

A

CRP, lactate and blood cultures

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5
Q

What additional investigation should you consider in any female of child-bearing age with shock, abdominal pain or gynaecological symptoms?

A

Urinary pregnancy test

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6
Q

What should you do if the patient cannot talk?

A

Look for signs of airway compromise- open the mouth and inspect for any obvious obstruction

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7
Q

In a patient who is elderly/frail or has heart/renal failure, what would you prescribe for a fluid challenge?

A

250ml 0.9% NaCl over 15 minutes

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8
Q

At the beginning of the station, what monitoring should you ask someone to set up for you?

A

Cardiac monitor, BP cuff and sats probe

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9
Q

If a patient is bleeding and shocked, after initiating a fluid challenge, what should you do?

A

Activate MHP

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10
Q

A GCS of what warrants urgent expert help from an anaesthetist?

A

8 or below

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11
Q

If you suspect a patient has an airway obstruction, who should you call?

A

On call anaesthetist and emergency medical team

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12
Q

What are some differentials if the trachea is deviated towards the affected side?

A

Lung collapse, pneumonectomy

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13
Q

If the patient appears short of breath, what is the first intervention (if possible)?

A

Get them to sit upright

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14
Q

In most medical emergencies, who would you want to contact?

A

Med reg on call and critical care team

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15
Q

What are the three core blood tests that should be done in any unwell patient?

A

FBC, U&E, LFTs

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16
Q

What are the two main investigations within ‘B’, that are useful in almost any critically unwell patient?

A

ABG and CXR

17
Q

How many times can you repeat a fluid challenge?

18
Q

In what patients should you consider taking bloods for a group and save?

A

Anyone who had a small bleed (resolved) or who may require surgical intervention

19
Q

What are some differentials if the trachea is deviated away from the affected side?

A

Tension pneumothorax, effusion

20
Q

At the beginning of the station, what three things should you make sure are easily accessible, or ask someone to get for you?

A

Patient’s notes, obs chart and Kardex

21
Q

What additional blood test should be done in a patient with potential ACS?

22
Q

In an otherwise healthy patient, what would you prescribe for a fluid challenge?

A

500ml 0.9% NaCl over 15 minutes

23
Q

If a capillary blood glucose is elevated, what investigation should you do next?

A

Check ketones

24
Q

What is the first management step in any patient who is hypovolaemic?

A

Fluid challenge (reassess after)

25
In what patients should you consider taking bloods for a coagulation screen?
Anyone who is bleeding or you suspect has hepatobiliary disease
26
What 4 questions should you ask yourself after finishing an ABCDE assessment?
Are further investigations required? Are further interventions required? Who do you need to contact? Where does this patient need to go?
27
What are the two main investigations within 'C', that are useful in almost any critically unwell patient?
Bloods and 12-lead ECG
28
What are some interventions/investigations to consider as part of 'E' if you haven't already?
Cultures (other than blood), antibiotics, analgesia
29
What additional blood test should be done in a patient who you suspect to have taken an overdose?
Toxicology screen
30
What oxygen should you use for any critically unwell patient?
15L through a non-rebreather mask
31
What additional blood test should be done in a patient with a large bleed and hypovolaemia, or any ongoing bleeding?
Crossmatch