ABCDE (Acutely Unwell Patient) Flashcards
1
Q
What are the 4 H’s and 4 T’s of cardiac arrest?
A
Hypothermia Hypoxia Hypokalemia/Hyperkalaemia and other metabolic disturbance Hypovolaemia Thrombus Toxins Tension pneumothorax Tamponade
2
Q
List some causes of airway obstruction
A
Reduced GCS Regurgitation of vomit/blood Foreign body Oedema due to burns, inflammation or anaphylaxis Laryngeal spasm
3
Q
What are signs of a partial airway obstruction?
A
Inspiratory stridor Expiratory wheeze Gurgling Snoring Crowing
4
Q
What is mean by a shunt in the lungs?
A
In a diseased lung some air will bypass ventilated regions
5
Q
What are the four different types of shock?
A
Cardiogenic
Hypovolaemic
Obstructive
Distributive
6
Q
What is the treatment of an acute asthma attack?
A
- Oxygen
- Nebulised Salbutamol 5mg through oxygen at a flow rate of 6L per minute
- Steroids: Prednisolone 40 - 50mg or IV hydrocortisons 100mg)
- Nebulised ipratropium bromide 0.5mg
- Nebulised Magnesium Sulphate 135mg. IV magnesium can also be given
- Call an anaethetist!
7
Q
What causes our drive to breathe?
A
Increased Carbon dioxde levels
