Abbreviations and Symbols Flashcards
(-)
negative feedback, inhibitory
(+)
positive feedback, stimulatory
(=)
equals
[ ]
concentration
/
per
°
degrees
←
away from
↑
increases
→
towards, produces, results in
↓
decreases
⇔
chemical reaction proceeds in either direction
±
more or less
less than
>
greater than
~
approximately, energy bond
≡
equivalent to
#
number of
1/a
inversely proportional to
1°
primary
2°
secondary
A.A (a.a)
amino acid
AA (aa)
artery/arteries
ADP
adenosine diphosphate
A∼p∼p
adenosine diphosphate
ATP
adenosine triphosphate
A∼p∼p∼p
adenosine triphosphate
-ase
ending for an enzyme
ANS
autonomic nervous system
cAMP
cyclic adenosine monophosphate
cm
centimeter
CNS
central nervous system
cps
cycles per second
dl
deciliter
100 ml
deciliter
E°
energy
EC
extracellular, electrochemical, extracellular fluid
ECF
extracellular, electrochemical, extracellular fluid
EFX (efx)
effects
f
focal length
Fru
fructose
fx (fxs)
function, functions
fxl
functional
Glu
glucose
gm (g)
gram
Hb
hemoglobin
Hb-O₂
oxyhemoglobin
Hb-CO₂
carboxyhemoglobin
HP
hydrostatic pressure
Hz
frequency as cycles per second
IC (ICF)
intracellular, intracellular fluid
ISF
interstitial fluid
kg
kilogram
1000 grams
kilogram
kin
movement
L
length, liter
m
meter, molarlity
M
molar, molarlity
mM
millimolar, millimolarlity
mg
milligram
ml
milliliter
mm
millimeter
mmHg
millimeters of mercury
mol
mole
mOsm
milliosmoles, milliosmolarity
MP
membrane potential
RMP
resting membrane potential
msec
milleseconds
mV
millivolts
MW
molecular weight
-ol
ending for an alcohol
OP
osmotic pressure
-ose
ending for sugar
Osm
osmolarity
p
partial pressure, permeability
pH
power of hydrogen
PNS
peripheral nervous system
PSym
parasympathetic
r
radius
R
receptor, resistance
RBC
red blood cell
Sx
structure
sxs
structures
Sxl
structural
Sym
sympathetic
V-G
voltage-gated
V
volts
VV (vv)
vein,veins
WBC
white blood cells
X
cross
𝛂
alpha, proportional to
β
beta
Δ
delta, change, difference
𝛅
delta
𝜼
eta
𝝁
micron
𝝁m
micrometer
𝝁l
microliter
𝝿
pi
𝟇
physiology
C
carbon
Ca⁺⁺
calcium ion
Cl⁻
chloride ion
CO₂
carbon dioxide
-COOH
carboxylic acid
-COO⁻
carboxyl ion (carboxylate)
-C=O
ketone
Fe⁺⁺
iron ion
H
hydrogen
H⁺
hydrogen ion, proton
H₂CO₃
carbonic acid
HCO₃⁻
bicarbonate ion
Hg
mercury
I⁻
iodine ion
K⁺
potassium ion
N
nitrogen
-NH₂
amine
O
oxygen
O₂
oxygen
-OH
hydroxyl ion
Na⁺
sodium ion
P
phosphorus
PO₄⁻³
phosphate ion
Zn⁺⁺
zinc ion