Abbreviations Flashcards
TURP
TRANSURETHRAL RESECTION OF THE PROSTATE
Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) is a surgery used to treat urinary problems due to an enlarged prostate. A combined visual and surgical instrument (resectoscope) is inserted through the tip of your penis and into the tube that carries urine from the bladder (urethra)
ABG
ARTERIAL BLOOD GAS
The sampling of the blood levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide within the arteries, as opposed to the levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide in venous blood. Typically the acidity, or pH, of the blood is measured simultaneously with the gas levels in ABG sampling.
ADH
ANTIDIURETIC HORMONE
A peptide molecule that is released by the pituitary gland at the base of the brain after being made nearby (in the hypothalamus). ADH has antidiuretic action that prevents the production of dilute urine (and so is antidiuretic).
ADL
ACTIVITIES OF DAILY LIVING
Things we normally do in daily living including any daily activity we perform for self-care such as feeding ourselves, bathing, dressing, grooming, work, homemaking, and leisure.
AIDS
ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROME
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, a syndrome caused by infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), with ensuing compromise of the body’s immune system.
AMI
ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
The term ‘myocardial infraction’ focuses on the heart muscle, which is called the myocardium, and the changes that occur in it due to the sudden deprivation of circulating blood… The main change is death (necrosis) of myocardial tissue. The word ‘infraction’ comes from the Latin ‘infarcire’ meaning ‘to plug up or cram.’
AV
ATRIOVENTRICULAR; ARTERIOVENOUS
AV is the standard medical abbreviation for atrioventricular, a combination that means pertaining to the atria (the upper chambers of the heart) and the ventricles (lower chambers of the heart). For example, the AV node is an electrical relay station between the atria and the ventricles.
BBB
BL00D-BRAIN BARRIER; BUNDLE-BRANCH BLOCK
BMR
BASAL METABOLIC RATE
The rate at which energy is used by an organism at complete rest, measured in humans by the heat given off per unit time, and expressed as the calories released per kilogram of body weight or per square meter of body surface per hour.
CBC
COMPLETE BLOOD COUNT (CELL)
A commonly used abbreviation in medicine that stands for complete blood count, a set values of the cellular (formed elements) of blood…. The number of white blood cells in a volume of blood.
BPM
BEAT PER MINUTE
Heart rate is the speed of the heartbeat measured by the number of contractions (beats) of the heart per minute (bpm)…. Tachycardia is a fast heart rate, defined as above 100 bpm at rest. Bradycardia is a slow heart rate, defined as below 60 bpm at rest.
COAD
CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE AIRWAYS DISEASE
It was once known as chronic obstructive airways disease (COAD). These days its called chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or COPD. Both are the offical medical names from chronic bronchitis and emphysema.
BCC
BASAL CELL CANCER
Basal cell carcinoma. This type of BCC begins as a popular or nodule on or with the skin.
COPD
CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE
CHRONIC AIRFLOW LIMITATION
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common lung disease. Having COPD makes it hard to breathe. There are two main forms of COPD: Chronic bronchitis, which involves a long-term cough with mucus. Emphysema, which involves damage to the lungs over time.
CHF
CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE
Congestive heart failure is the inability of the heart to keep up with demands on it, with failure of the heart to pump blood with normal efficiency. When this occurs, the heart is unable to provide adequate blood flow to other organs, such as the brain, liver, and kidneys.
CRF
CHRONIC RENAL FAILURE
Chronic renal failure (CRF) gradual loss of kidney function, with progressively more severe renal insufficiency until the stage called chronic irreversible kidney failure or end-stage renal disease. Symptoms may include polyurethaning, anorexia or nausea, dehydration, and neurological symptoms.
CXR
CHEST X-RAY
DKA
DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS
Diabetic ketoacidosis is a serious complication of diabetes that occurs when your body produces high levels of blood acids called ketones. The condition develops when your body can’t produce enough insulin.
ECG
ELECTRO CARDIOGRAM
Electrocardiogram: A recording of the electrical activity of the heart. Abbreviated ECG OR EKG…. Electrodes are placed on the skin of the chest and connected in a specific order to a machine that, when turned on, measures electrical activity all over the heart.
ENT
EARS, NOSE, THROAT
ERCP
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
Diagnostic technique
Endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography, a diagnostic procedure used to examine diseases of the liver, bile ducts, and pancreas. ERCP is usually performed under intravenous sedation rather than general anaesthesia.
ESR
ERYTHROCYTE SEDIMENTATION RATE
ESR; Abbreviation for erythrocyte sedimentation rate, a blood test that detects and monitors inflammation in the body. It measures the rate at which red blood cells (RBC’s) in a test tube separate from blood serum over time, becoming sediment in the bottom of the test tube.
WBC
WHITE BLOOD COUNT (CELL)
When WBC is low, there may not be enough neutrophils to defend against bacterial infections. The white blood cell count is done by counting the number of white blood cells in a sample of blood. A normal WBC is in the range of 4,000 to 11,000 cells per microliter. A low WBC is called leukopenia.
GIT
GITALIN - 1: a crystalline glycoside C35/H56/0-12 obtained from digitalis. 2: an amorphous water-solvable mixture of glycosides of digitalis used similarly to digitalis.
GIT - The Medical Definition of Gastrointestinal tract. Gastrointestinal tract: The stomach and intestines. Abbreviated GI tract.
HNPU
HAS NOT PASSED URINE
IDDM
INSULIN - DEPENDENT DIABETES
MELLITUS (TYPE 1 MELLITUS DIABETES)
IHD
ISCHAEMIC HEART DISEASE
Ischemic heart disease, also called coronary heart disease (CHD) or coronary artery disease, is the term given to heart problems caused by narrowed heart (coronary) arteries that supply blood to the heart muscle… The discomfort experienced when the heart muscle is deprived of adequate oxygen is called angina pectoris.
IHC
IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY
(IHC) is the most common application of immunostaining. It involves the process of selectively identifying antigens (proteins) in cells of a tissue section by exploiting the principle of antibodies binding specifically to antigens in biological tissues.
IHPS
INFANTILE HYPERTROPHIC PYLORIC STENOSIS
IHPS Infantile Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis (found during erythromycin treatment in children).
Erythromycin is a common antibiotic for treating bacterial infection.
Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis is blockage of the passage out of the stomach due to thickening (hypertrophy) of the muscle at the junction between the stomach and the intestines.
IHSS
IDEOPATHIC HYPERTROPHIC SUBAORTIC STENOSIS (HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY)
IHSS, or idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis, is another term synonymously with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM). It is an inherited disease of the heart that causes thickening of the heart muscle and other changes to the heart that significantly impair its function.
Hypertrophy: enlargement or overgrowth of an organ or part of the body due to the increased size of the constituent cells.
Cardiomyopathy (Kahr-dee-o-my-op-uh-thee) is a disease of the heart muscle that makes it harder for your heart to pump blood to the rest of your body. Cardiomyopathy can lead to heart failure. The main types of cardiomyopathy include dilated, hypertrophic and restrictive cardiomyopathy.
IVC
INFERIOR VENA CAVA; INTRAVENOUS CHOLANGIOGRAPHY
Inferior vena cava: a vein that is the largest vein in the human body, is formed by the union of the two common iliac veins at the level of the fifth lumbar vertebra, and returns blood to the right atrium of the heart from bodily parts below the diaphragm.
Atrium: A body cavity or chamber, especially either of the upper chamber, especially either of the upper chambers of the heart that receives blood from the veins and forces it into the ventricle. Also called auricle.
IVP
INTRAVENOUS PUSH; INTRAVENOUS PYELOGRAPHY/PYELOGRAM Intravenous pyelogram (IVP) is an x-ray exam that uses an injection of contrast material to evaluate your kidneys, ureters and bladder and help diagnose blood in the urine or pain in your side or lower back.
KUB
KIDNEY’S, URETERS, BLADDER
An abdominal x-ray is an x-ray of the abdomen. It is sometimes abbreviated to AXR or KUB (for kidneys, ureters, and urinary bladder).
LFT
LEFT FRONTOTRANSVERSE (POSITION)
003436. Liver function tests (LFTs or LFs), also referred to as hepatic panel, are groups of blood tests that provide information about the state of a patient’s liver. These tests include prothrombin time (PT/INR), aPTT, albumin, bilirubin (direct and indirect), and others.
Hepatic Panel: is a group of tests that are performed together to detect evaluate, and monitor liver disease or damage.
Prothrombin time: the time required for a particular specimen of prothrombin to induce blood-plasma clotting under standardised conditions in comparison with a time between 11.5 ad 12 seconds for normal human blood.
aPTT: Common notation of coagulation times in medical records. MeSH. D010314. The partial thromboplatin time (PPT) or activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT or APTT) is a blood test that characterises coagulation of the blood.
LVF
LEFT VENTRICULAR FAILURE
Left ventricular failure, failure of the left side of the heart.
2. Left ventricular function, the function of the left ventricle. In both of these senses, LVF is in contrast to RVF (right ventricular failure or function).
Ventricle: is a cavity of a bodily part organ: such as a chamber of the heart which receives blood from a corresponding atrium and from which blood is forced into arteries.
RVF: 1. Rift Valley fever, the disease and the virus that causes it.
2. Right ventricular failure, failure of the right ventricles of the heart.
Ventricle: a cavity of a bodily part or organ: such as a chamber of the heart which receives blood from a corresponding atrium and from which blood is forced into the arteries.
HX
MEDICAL HISTORY
The Hx is a way for a physician to become better acquainted wit a patient. A physician trying to make a diagnosis using only the symptoms is like an attorney trying to defend a client without first reading a case’s legal brief.
PD
PERITIONEAL DIALYSIS
A plastic tube called dialysis catheter is surgically placed through the abdominal wall, into the abdominal cavity.
PID
PELVIC INFLAMMATORY DIEASE
PID is an infection caused by bacteria. When bacteria from the vagina or cervix travel to your womb, Fallopian tubes, or ovaries, they can cause an infection. Most of the time, PID is caused by bacteria from chlamydia and gonorrhea. These are sexually transmitted infections (STIs)
Chlamydia: is a common sexually transmitted disease. It is caused by bacteria called Chlamydia trachomatis….Men can get chlamydia in the urethra (inside the penis), rectum, or throat.
Gonorrhea: A bacterial infection that is a transmitted by sexual contact. Gonorrrhea is one of the oldest known sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), and is caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae bacteria. Men with gonorrhea may have a yellowish discharge from the penis accompanied by itching and burning.
PH
PLECKSTRIN HOMOLOGY
pH: A measure of the acidity or alkalinity of a fluid. The pH of any fluid is the measure of its hydrogen ion (H+) concentration relative to that of a given standard solution. The pH may range from 0 to 14, where 0 is most acid, 14 most basic, 7 is neutral.
POP
PELVIC ORGAN PROLAPSE
PVD
PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE
A disease of blood vessels outside the heart. Peripheral vascular disease (PVD) affects the peripheral circulation, as opposed to the cardia circulation. PVD comprises diseases of both peripheral arteries and peripheral veins.
RIF
RIGHT ILIAC FOSSA
ROM
RANGE OF ACCOMODATION;
RANGE OF AUDIBILITY;
RANGE OF MOTION
(ROM) The range of motion of a joint from full extension to full flexion (bending) measured in degrees like a circle. Mentioned in Spinal Cord Injury.
SCC
SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA
(SCC) is a health condition involving the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells of the epidermis. It occurs as a result of keratinisation of the epidermal cells and has the potential to metastasise to other regions of the body.
Epidermis: The upper or outer layer of the two main layers of cells that make up the skin….The other main layer of the skin is the dermis, the inner layer of skin, that contains blood and lymph vessels, hair follicles, and glands.
Metastasis: It means a illness has spread to new parts of the body. The noun metastasis is a medical term that’s most often used to describe a spreading cancer. If a patient’s lung cancer spreads to his heart or to his lymph nodes, that is metastasis. It’s a Greek work meaning “transference or change.”
Lymph Nodes: One of many small, bean shaped organs located throughout the lymphatic system. The Lymph Nodes are important in the function of the immune response and also store special cells that can trap cancer cells or bacteria that are travelling through the body through the lymph.
SOOB
SEND OUT OF BED
SITTING OUT OF BED
TFT
THYROID FUNCTION TESTS
TFTs may be requested if a patient is thought to suffer from hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid) or hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid), or to monitor the effectiveness of either thyroid suppression or hormone replacement therapy.
TIA
TRANSIENT ISCHEMIC ATTACK
Transient Ischemic Attack or (TIA mini stroke): A neurological event with the signs and symptoms of a stroke, but which go away within a short period of time. Also called a mini-stroke, a TIA is due to a temporary lack of adequate blood and oxygen (ischemia) to the brain.
ABD
ABDOMEN
A&D
ADMISSION AND DISCHARGE
AMB
AMBULATORY, ABLE TO WALK
AP
APPENDECTOMY
CATH
CATHETER
CCU
CARDIA CARE UNIT/CORONARY CARE UNIT
CBR
COMPLETE BED REST
CVA
CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT OR STROKE
CPR
CARDIOPULMONARY RESUSCITATION
DX
DIAGNOSIS
EEG
ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAM
FBS
FASTING BLOOD SUGAR
FF
FORCED FEEDING OR FORCED FLUIDS
FX
FRACTURE
GI
GASTROINTESTINAL
GTT
GLUCOSE TOLERANCE TEST
GYN
GYNECOLOGY
HOB
HEAD OF BED
ICU
INTENSIVE CARE UNIT
I&O
INTAKE AND OUTPUT
ISOL
ISOLATION
IV
INTRAVENOUS
NOCT
AT NIGHT
NPO
NOTHING BY MOUTH
PAR
POSTANESTHESIA ROOM
POST OP SPEC
AFTER SURGERY URINE SPECIMEN
TPR
TEMPERATURE, PULSE, RESPIRATION
U/A
URINALYSIS
VS
VITAL SIGNS
W/C
WHEEL CHAIR
AD LIB
AS DESIRED
IA
INTRA-ARTERIAL: situated or occurring within, administered into, involving entry by way of an artery.
INTRA-ARTICULAR: In medicine, a joint injection (intra-articulations injection) is a procedure used in the treatment of inflammatory joint conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, gout, tendinitis, bursitis, Carpal Tunnel Syndrome, and occasionally osteoarthritis. A hypodermic needle is injected into the affected joint where it delivers a dose of one of many anti-inflammatory agents, the most common of which are corticosteroids. Hyaluronic acid, because of its high viscosity, is sometimes used to replace bursa fluids. The technique may be used to also withdraw excess fluid from the joint.
IAA
INSULIN AUTOANTIBODY;
INDOLEACETIC ACID
IABP
INTRA-AORTIC BALLOON PUMP
Is a mechanical device that increases myocardial oxygen perfusion and indirectly increases cardiac output through afterload reduction. It consists of a cylindrical polyurethane balloon that sits in the aorta, approximately 2cm (0.79in) from the left subclavian artery. The balloon inflates and deflates via counter pulsation, meaning it actively deflates in systole and inflates in diastole.
IAI
INTRA-AMNIOTIC INFECTION
Is an inflammation of the feral membranes (amnion and chorion) due to a bacterial infection. It typically results from bacteria ascending from the vagina into the uterus and is most often associated with prolonged labor. The risk of developing chorioamniontis increases with each vaginal examination that is performed in the final month of pregnancy, including during labor.
IBC
INFLAMMATORY BREAST CANCER
Is one of the most aggressive types of breast cancer that can occur in women of any age (and, extremely rarely in men). It is called inflammatory because it frequently presents with symptoms resembling an inflammation.
IBD
INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE
Is a group of inflammatory conditions of the colon and small intestine. Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis are the principal types of inflammatory bowel disease. Crohn’s disease affects the small intestine, and large intestine as well as the mouth, esophagus, stomach and the anus, whereas ulcerative colitis primarily affects the colon and the rectum
IBS
IRRITABLE BOWEL SYNDROME
Is a group of symptoms - including abdominal pain and changes in the pattern of bowel movements without any evidence of underlying damage. These systems occur over time, often years. It has been classified into four main types depending on whether diarrhoea is common, constipation is common, both are common, or neither occurs very often. IBS negatively affects quality of life and may result in missed school or work. Disorders such as anxiety, major depression, and chronic fatigue syndrome are common among people with IBS.
IC
ILECCECAL In many Animalia, including humans, an ileocolic structure or problem is something that concerns region of gastrointestinal tract from the ileum to the colon.
IMMUNOCOMPROMISED Immunodeficiency is a state which immune system’s ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. Most cases of immunodeficiency are acquired (“secondary”) due to extrinsic factors that affect the patient’s immune system. Examples of these extrinsic factors include HIV infection, extremes of age, and environmental factors, such as nutrition.
INFORMED CONSENT is the process for getting permission before conducting a healthcare intervention on a person, or for disclosing personal information.
INTENSIVE CARE or critical care medicine, is a branch of medicine concerned with the diagnosis and management of life-threatening conditions that may require sophisticated life support intensive monitoring.
INTERSTITIAL CYSTITIS also known as bladder pain syndrome (BPS), is a type of chronic pain that affects the bladder. Symptoms include feeling the need to urinate right away, needing to urinate often, and pain with sex. IC/BPS is associated with depression and lower quality of life.
IMMUNE COMPLEX sometimes called an antigen-antibody complex, is a molecule formed from the integral binding of an antibody to a soluble antigen. The bound antigen and antibody act as a unitary object, effectively an antigen of its own with a specific epitope.
INTRACARDIAC are injections that are given directly into the heart muscles or ventricles. They are used in emergencies.
ICD
IMPLANTABLE CARDIOVERTER- DEFIBRILLATOR
Automated implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (AICD) is a device implantable inside the body, able to perform cardioversion, defibrillation, and (in modern versions) pacing of the heart. The device is therefore capable of correcting most life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias.
ICDS
INTEGRATED CHILD DEVELOPMENT SERVICES PROGRAM
Is a government programme in India which provides food, preschool education, and primary healthcare to children under 6 years of algae and their mothers.
ICF
INTRACELLULAR FLUID
Cytoplasmic matrix, is the liquid ground inside cells. It is separated into compartments by membranes.
ICG
IMPEDANCE CARDIOGRAPHY
Is a noninvasive technology measuring total electrical conductivity of the thorax and its changes in time to process continuously a number of cardiodynamic parameters, such as a Stroke Volume, SV. HR, Cardiac Output, CO, Ventricular Ejection Time, VET, Pre-ejection Period and used to detect the impedance changes caused by high-frequency, low magnitude current flowing through the thorax between additional two pairs of electrodes located outside of the measured segment. The sensing electrodes also detect the ECG signal, which is used as a timing clock of the system.
ICH
INTRACEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE
Also known as cerebral bleed, is type of intracranial ventricles. Symptoms can include headache, one-sided weakness, vomiting, seizures, decreased level of consciousness, and neck stiffness. Often symptoms get worse over time. Fever is also common. In many cases bleeding is present in both the brain tissues and the ventricles.
ICM
ISCHEMIC CARDIOMYOPATHY
Is a group of diseases that affect the heart muscle. Some people may have shortness of breath, feel tired, or have swelling of the legs due to heart failure. An irregular heart beat may occur as well as fainting. Those affected are at an increased risk of sudden cardiac death.
ICP
INTRACRANIAL PRESSURE
Is the pressure inside the skull and thus in the brain tissue and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). ICP is measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg) and, at rest, is normally 7-15mmHg for a supine adult.
ICS
INTERCOSTAL SPACE
INHALED CORTICOSTEROIDS
INTERNAL CAROTID STENOSIS
I&D
INCISION AND DRAINAGE
HOW TO TREAT AN ABSCESS
IDA
IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA
IDC
IDIOPATHIC DILATED
INDWELLING CATHETER
INFILTRATING DUCTAL CARCINOMA
IDL
INTERMEDIATE-DENSITY
LIPOPROTEIN
IDP
INFECTIOUS DISEASE PRECAUTIONS
IE
INFECTIVE ENDOCARDITIS
IF
IMMUNOFLUORESCENCE
IE
INFECTIVE ENDOCARDITIS
IFG
IMPAIRED FASTING GLYCAEMIA
IG
IMMUNOGLOBULIN
IGA
IMMUNOGLOBULIN A
IGAV
IgA VASCULITIS
IGD
IgD IMMUNOGLOBULIN D
IHPS
INFANTILE HYPERTROPHIC PYLORIC STENOSIS
IHSS
IDEOPATHIC HYPERTROPHIC PYLORIC STENOSIS
IIEF
INTERNATIONAL INDEX OF ERECTILE FUNCTION
ILD
INTERSTITIAL LUNG DISEASE
ILI
INTERSTITIAL LUNG DISEASE
IM
INTRAMUSCULAR
IMA
INFERIOR MESENTERIC ARTERY
IMB
INTERMENSTRUAL BLEED (BLEEDING BETWEEN PERIODS)
IMI
INTRAMUSCULAR INJECTION
IMN
INFECTIOUS MONONUCLEOSIS
IMRT
INFLAMMATORY MYOFIBROBLASTIC
IMRT
INTENSITY-MODULATED RADIOTHERAPY
IMV
INTERMITTENT MANDATORY VENTILATION
Mechanical ventilation or assisted ventilation is the medical term for artificial ventilation where mechanical means is used to assist or replace spontaneous breathing. This may involve a machine called a ventilator, or the breathing may be assisted manually by a suitably qualified professional (such as an anethesiologist or paramedic) compressing a breathing system, bag valve mask device or sets of bellows.
Inj
INJECTION
INR
INTERNATIONAL NORMALIZED RATIO
INT
INTERMITTENT NEEDLE THERAPY
IO
INTRAOSSEOUS INFUSION
Is the process of injecting directly into the marrow of a bone. This provides a non-collapsible entry point into the systemic venous system. This technique is used to provide fluids and medication when intravenous access is not available or not feasible. Intraosseous infusions allow for the administered medications and fluids to go directly into the vascular system.
IDC
INDWELLING CATHETER
idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy Abbreviation: IDC
Cardiomyopathy of occult or uncertain cause, possibly due to viral infections, unrecognized toxic exposures, or a genetic predisposition, but not to ischemia, hypothyroidism, hypertension, valvular disease, or alcohol abuse.
PEARL
PUPILS EQUAL AND REACTING TO LIGHT
CIMT
Constraint induced movement therapy
CT
Computed tomography
CTA
Computed tomography angiography
CVD
Cardiovascular Disease
DALY
Disability-adjusted life years
DBP
Diastolic blood pressure
DOAC
Direct oral anticoagulant
DUS
Digital subraction angiography
DVT
Deep Vein Thrombosis
DWI
Diffusion-weighted imaging
ED
EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT
EMG
Electromyographic feedback
EMS
Emergency medical services
ESD
Early supported discharge
ESS
European Stroke Scale
FAST
Face,arm, speech, time
FEES
Fibre-optic endoscopic examination of swallowing
FeSS
Fever, Sugar, Swallowing
FFP
Fresh frozen plasma
FIM
Functional Independence measure
GP
General Practitioner
HR
Hazard ratio
HRQOL
Health related quality of life
HRT
Hormone replacement therapy
IA
Intra-arterial
ICH
Intracerebral haemorrhage
ICU
Intensive care unit
INR
International normalised ratio
IPC
Intermittent pneumatic compression
LMWH
Low molecular wight heparin
LOS
Length of stay
MCA
Middle cerebral artery
MD
Mean difference
MI
Myocardial infraction
MNA
Mini Nutritional Assessment
MR
Magnetic resonance
MRA
Magnetic resonance angiography
MRI
Magnetic resonance imaging
SMD
Standardised mean difference
SSS
Scandinavian stroke scale
TOE
Trans oesophageal echocardiography
TOR-BSST
Toronto bedside swallowing screening test
tPA
Tissue plasmogen activator
TTE
Transthoracic echocardiography
UFH
Unfractionated heparin
UL
Upper limb
VF OR VFS
Videofluoroscopy
VR
Virtual reality
VTE
Venous thromboembolism
WMD
Weighted mean difference
