Abbreviations Flashcards
ACOG
American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists.
They have developed guidelines for LOS (hospital length of stay) and follow-up care for mothers and newborns.
AWHONN
Association of Women’s Health, Obstetric and Neonatal Nurses.
They promote the health of women and newborns.
AFI
Amniotic Fluid Index.
This is a method of reporting fluid volume. The AFI is calculated by dividing the maternal abdomen into four quadrants with the umbilicus as the reference point. Then the deepest vertical pocket is measured. These measurements are summed to calculate the AFI.
AGA
Appropriate for gestational age
AMA
Advanced maternal age (35+)
AMNIO
Amniocentesis is a procedure used to diagnose fetal defects in the early second trimester of pregnancy. A sample of the amniotic fluid, which surrounds a fetus in the womb, is collected through a pregnant woman’s abdomen using a needle and syringe.
AROM
Artificial Rupture of Membranes.
This is the use of device such as an amnihook or allis forceps to rupture the amniotic membranes.
SROM
Spontaneous rupture of membranes.
Natural process of delievery when a woman releases watery vaginal discharge.
PROM
Premature rupture of the membranes.
If the rupture comes before the onset of labor. If this happeneds, labor may need to be induced to preven ascending infection.
PPROM
Preterm premature rupture of the membranes.
This is the leading identifiable cause of premature birth, accounting for about 20% perinatal death.
BPD
Biparietal Diameter.
It is a measurement of the baby’s head from side to side. After the first trimester, gestational age is obtained by a combination of measurements of femur length, abdominal circumference, and biparietal diameter.
BPP
Biophysical profile.
Is an assessment of five variables in the fetus that help to evaluate fetal risk: breathing movement, body movement, tone, amniotic fluid volume, and fetal heart rate reactivity.
NST
Non stress test.
An assessment method by which the reaction (or response) of the fetal heart rate to fetal movement is evaluated.
CST
Contraction stress test.
A method of assessing the reaction of the fetus to the stress of uterine contractions. This test may be utilized when contractions are occurring spontaneously or when contractions are artificially induced by oxytocin challenge test (OCT) or breast-stimulation test (BSST).
CVS
Chorionic villus sampling. Procedure in which a specimen of the chorionic villi is obtained from the edge of the developing placenta at about 8 weeks’ gestation. The sample can be used for chromosomal, enzyme, and DNA tests.
DVT
Deep vein thrombosis
DIC
Disseminated intravascular coagulation.
Prolonged retention of the dead fetus may lead to the development of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), also called consumption coagulopathy, in the mother. After the release of thromboplastin from the degenerating fetal tissues into the maternal bloodstream, the extrinsic clotting system is activated, triggering the formation of multiple tiny blood clots. Fibrinogen and factors V and VII are subsequently depleted, and the woman begins to display symptoms
EDC or EDD
Estimated date of confinement.
Estimated date of delivery.
EFW
Estimated fetal weight
FAS
Fetal alcohol syndrome
FFN
Fetal fibronectin.
A glycoprotein that is produced by the trophoblast and fetal tissues whose presence between 20 and 34 week’s gestation is a strong predictor of preterm birth associated with preterm spontaneous rupture of membranes.
FHR
Fetal HR.
120-160 is norm
FHT
Fetal heart tones.
FM
Fetal movement
FSE
Fetal scalp electrode.
Internal fetal monitoring is accomplished with a fetal scalp electrode, a fine surgical spiral wire, attached to the fetal scalp or other presenting part. The FSE is the most precise method of monitoring because it is a direct ECG of the FHR and produces the most accurate FHR tracing. The FSE is attached to the fetus during a vaginal exam. The monitor determines the time between fetal “R” waves in the “QRS” complex and calculate the findings into a FHR. The FHR is then recorded on graph paper.
G’s and P’s
Gravida/Para.
Gravida means a pregnant woman. Any pregnancy regardless of duration, including present pregnancy. Para means a woman who has borne offspring who reached the age of viability. Birth after 20 weeks’ gestation, regardless of whether the infant is born alive or dead.
TPAL
- T: number of term infants born: that is, the number of infants born at the completion of 37 weeks’ gestation or beyond.
- P: number of preterm infants born; that is, the number of infants born after 20 weeks’ but before the completion of 37 weeks’ gestation, whether living or stillborn.
- A: number of pregnancies ending in either spontaneous or therapeutic abortion.
- L: number of currently living children to whom the woman has given birth.
GBS
Group B strep
GDM
Gestational diabetes mellitus
hCG
Human chorionic gonadotropin. (A hormone produced by the chorionic villi and found in the uterine of pregnant women. Also called prolan.)
PG
Phosphatidylglycerol or Prostaglandin or Pregnant Pemphigoid Gestationis
HELLP
Hemolysis, Elevated Liver enzymes, Low platelet count. (These changes are sometimes associated with severe preeclampsia)
HPV
Human papilloma virus
IDDM
Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus:
A form of diabetes in which patients have little or no ability to produce insulin and are therefore entirely dependent on insulin injections.
IUD
Intrauterine device
IUGR
Intrauterine growth restriction: A condition in which a baby doesn’t grow to normal weight during pregnancy.
IUPC
Intrauterine pressure catheter
. (A catheter that can be placed through the cervix into the uterus to measure uterine pressure during labor. Some types of catheters may be inserted for the purpose of infusing warmed saline to add additional intrauterine fluid when oligohydramnios is present.)
LGA
Large for gestational age
SGA
Small for gestational age
AFP
Alpha-fetoprotein: AFP is a substance made in the liver of an unborn baby (fetus). The amount of AFP in the blood of a pregnant woman can help see whether the baby may have such problems as spina bifida and anencephaly.
LMP
Last period
PKU
Phenylketonuria: A birth defect that causes an amino acid called phenylalanine to build up in the body.
NICU
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit.
NST
Nonstress test. A noninvasic test to determine the possible health status of a fetus.
PID
Pelvic inflammatory disease. An std that can lead to ectopic or tubal pregnancies. It will also cause scarring and can lead to chronic pain
PIH
Pregnancy induced hypertension
Preeclampsia
a condition in pregnancy characterized by high blood pressure, sometimes with fluid retention and proteinuria.
PTL
Preterm labor. This occurs when there are regular contractions before 37 weeks of pregnancy.
RDS
Respiratory distress syndrome. A breathing disorder that affects newborns. This is more common in premature infants born before 6 weeks or more before their due dates.
SIDS
Sudden infant death syndrome
L/S ratio
Lecithin/sphingomyelin ratio: a test of fetal amniotic fluid to assess for fetal lung immaturity.
VBAC
Vaginal birth after cesarean. (Practice of permitting a trial of labor and possible vaginal birth for women following a previous cesarean birth for nonrecurring causes such as fetal distress or placenta previa.)
VE
Vacuum extraction
D&C
Dilatation and curettage: a surgical procedure involving dilatation of the cervix and curettage of the uterus, performed after a miscarriage or for the removal of cysts or tumors.
UC’s
Uterine contractions
UDS
Uterine drug screen
TORCH
Toxoplasmosis, other (HIV, measles), rubella, cytomegalovirus, herpesvirus hominis type 2. This is a test the can is used to detect infections a newborn.
OCT/PIT
Oxytocin/pitocin
VDRL
Venereal Disease Research Laboratories. Test done for the diagnosis of syphilis.
RPR
Rapid Plasma reagin. A serologic test helped to diagnosis syphilis
DTR
Deep tendon reflex
