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stroke terms > Abbreviations > Flashcards

Abbreviations Flashcards

1
Q

Atrial Fibrillation (AF)

A

Irregular heart rhythm

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2
Q

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)

A

Abrupt loss of kidney function that develops with in 7 days

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3
Q

Amnesia

A

Loss of memory

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4
Q

Aneurysm

A

Swelling in a blood vessel which may rupture and cause a stroke

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5
Q

Anticoagulant

A

a drug used to reduce the risk of blood clots forming

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6
Q

Aphagia

A

Inability to swallow

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7
Q

Apraxia

  • Oral
  • Verbal
A

Inability to perform certain purposeful movements without the loss of motor power, sensation or coordination.

inability to perform purposeful movements of the articulators in the absence of paralysis.

inability to produce purposeful voluntary speech initiate words.

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8
Q

Artial septal defect (ASD)

A

Small hole between the atria of the heart

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9
Q

Ataxia

A

Loss of control of muscle

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9
Q

Ataxia

A

Loss of control of muscle

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10
Q

Atheroma

A

build up of fatty deposits in the blood vessels which restrict blood flow

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11
Q

Arterio-venous Malformation (AVM} Attention

A

Abnormal structure of arteries and veins in the brain which has a risk of haemorrhaging. An active process that helps to determine which sensations and experiences are engaged and relevant to the individual.

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12
Q

Body image

A

An individuals mental representation of their body that expresses their feelings about themselves

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13
Q

Brain Attack

A

New term for stroke

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14
Q

Brainstem

A

Base of the brain which controls the basic life function

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15
Q

Bruit

A

Noise made by blockage in a carotid artery when examined with a stethoscope

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16
Q

Carotid Doppler

A

ultrasound of the arteries in the neck to check for blockages

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17
Q

Carotid Endarterectomy

A

Surgical procedure to clear the blockage from a cartotid artery

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18
Q

Carotid Stenosis

A

Blockage in the carotid artery caused by a build up of fatty plaques

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19
Q

Cerebral Haemorrhage

A

Medical term for a bleed in the brain

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20
Q

Cholesterol

A

Fat which leads to fatty deposits in the arteries

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21
Q

cognition

A

process of knowing, understanding, awareness, judgement and decision making

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22
Q

Contracture

A

Shortening of muscle tissue producing a deformity

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23
Q

CT scan

A

Two dimensional scan used to look at the areas of the body in detail

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24
Q

Cerebrovascular Accident (CVA)

A

Outdated term for a medical stroke

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25
Q

Diplopia

A

The simultaneous awareness of two images of an object i.e double vision. Usually due to a disturbance of the coordinated movements of muscles that move the eyeball.

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26
Q

Dysfunction

A

impairment of function

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27
Q

Dysarthria

A

A motor speech disorder . Difficulty in coordinating the muscles of articulation so that speech is distorted, weak, slurred, laboured or explosive

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28
Q

Dyslexia

A

Difficulty in reading

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29
Q

Dysphagia

  • Expressive
  • Receptive
  • Jargon
A

Difficulty in swallowing

inability to express self in words

inability to comprehend the spoken word

production of meaningless and intelligible words

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30
Q

Dysphonia

A

Difficulty in speaking at the desired volume

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31
Q

Dementia

A

Dementia is a broad category of brain diseases that includes any disease that causes loss of cognitive ability ( the ability to think or reason clearly) that is severe enough to affect a persons daily functioning. It must also be a worsening of functioning compared to how the person was previously.

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32
Q

Alzheimers Disease

A

Alzheimer’s disease (AD), also known in medical literature as Alzheimer disease, is the most common form of dementia.

33
Q

Echocardiogram (ECG)

A

An ultrasound picture which shows the structure of the heart and how its working.

34
Q

Electroencephalogram (EEG)

A

Tracing of the activity of the brain

35
Q

Embolism

A

A clot in a blood vessel

36
Q

Emotional Lability

A

Emotional instability, a condition In which the mood can swing from one side to another, often resulting in inappropriate crying or laughing.

37
Q

Haematoma

A

Blood clot

38
Q

Hemianopia

A

Blindness in one vertical half of the visual field in one or both eyes

39
Q

Homonymous Hemianopia

A

blindness of the right or left side fields of both eyes.

40
Q

Hemiparesis

A

slight paralysis or weakness in one half of the face or body

41
Q

Hydrocephalus

A

A condition that occurs when there is too much cerebrospinal fluid in the ventricles of the brain. Too much cerebrospinal fluid puts a harmful amount of pressure on tissues in the brain. can be congenital or develop later in life.

42
Q

Hypertension

A

High blood pressure

43
Q

Ideational Apraxia

A

Inability to carry out activities automatically or on command because the patient does not understand the concept of the act.

44
Q

Infarct

A

Area of tissue damaged by lack of blood and oxygen

45
Q

Ishcaemia

A

Lack of blood flow to tissues in the body.

46
Q

Initiation

A

The ability to start a task. Impaired initiation may appear as a decreased spontaneity, decreased productivity and slowness of response or lost initiative.

47
Q

LACI (lacunar infarct)

A

A medical classification of a small stroke less than 1 centimetre in diameter. Associated with hypertension and diabetes. Prognosis is quite good as the amount of tissue involved is small. Accounts for 20% of all strokes.

48
Q

Magnetic resonance angiogram (MRA)

A

A type of MRI scan that uses a magnetic field and pulses of radio wave energy to provide pictures of blood vessels inside the body.

49
Q

Multi-infarct dementia

A

Long term confusion caused by a series of small strokes.

50
Q

Nystagmus

A

involuntary jerking of the eyes.

51
Q

PACI (partial arterial circulation infarct)

A

A medical classification of a stroke. represents 30% of all strokes. Infarction of one hemisphere. features include any two or three components of TACI

52
Q

Paralysis

A

Loss of movement in a part of the body

53
Q

Parkinsons disease

A

Parkinsons disease is a progressive neurological condition. people with Parkinson’s don’t have enough have enough of a chemical called dopamine because some nerve cells in their brain have died.

54
Q

Perception

A

A stroke can affect sight, touch, movement and thought so a persons perception of everyday objects may be changed. people may not be able to recognise and understand familiar objects the way they did before before their stroke. when vision is affected objects may look closer or further away than they really are.

55
Q

Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG)

A

Tube inserted into the wall of the stomach to feed a dysphasic patient.

56
Q

Perseveration

A

Continued repetition of a movement or work to a different stimuli.

57
Q

Prosterior Circulation Infarct (POCI)

A

A Medical classification of a stroke. Represents 20% of all strokes. Involves an infarct of the hind brain or posterior cortex alone.

58
Q

Positive emission tomography

A

a detailed scan of the brain

59
Q

Problem solving

A

involves the integration of attention to task, information access organisation, planning and judgement, the ability to modify, transform and organise information to generate a solution.

60
Q

Proprioception

A

Sensory awareness of the position of body parts.

61
Q

Quadrinopia

A

Loss of Vision in a quarter of the visual field.

62
Q

Reflex

A

An action that occurs involuntary as a result of a stimulus.

63
Q

C Diff (Clostridium Difficile)

A

A clostridium difficile infection is a type of bacterial infection that can affect the digestive system. It commonly affects people who have been treated with antibiotics.

64
Q

MRSA ( methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus)

A

MRSA is a type of bacterial infection that is resistant to a number of widely used antibiotics. This means it can be more difficult to treat than other bacterial infections.

65
Q

VRSA (Vancomycin-resistant staphylococcus aureus)

A

Are specific types of antimicrobial-resistant bacterial.
persons who develop this type of staph infection may have underlying health conditions ( such as diabetes and kidney disease)

66
Q

Right/ left discrimination

A

A deficit in understanding and using he concepts of left and right.

67
Q

Sepis

A

Sepsis is a common and potentially life threatening condition triggered by an infection.
in sepsis, the body’s immune system goes into over drive, setting off a series of reactions including widespread inflammation, swelling and blood clotting.

68
Q

Stereognosis

A

Recognition of common objects by touch, normally spontaneously

69
Q

Subarachnoid haemorrhage

A

Ruptured blood vessel bleeding into the brain.

70
Q

Spasticity

A

Stiffness which develops in the muscles.

71
Q

Stroke

A

Disruption ion the blood supply to a part of the brain which damages the surrounding brain cells an symptoms last more than 24hrs

72
Q

Thalmus

A

Part of the brain which deals with sensations

73
Q

Thrombosis

A

Drug treatment to help dissolve a blot clot that is blocking an artery.

74
Q

Transient ischaemic attack (TIA)

A

Medical classification for a mini stroke where symptoms last less than 24hrs.

75
Q

Transoesophageal echocardiogram (TOE)

A

A procedure which involves taking detailed pictures of the heart from the oesophagus which lies behind the heart

76
Q

unilateral neglect

A

Inability to integrate and use perceptions from the stroke affected side of the body or that side of the environment. usually affects the left side.

77
Q

Total anterior circulation infarct (TACI)

A

A medical classification of stroke which represents 15% of all strokes. Large infarction of one hemisphere. Physical impairments include all three of the following

  • unilateral motor deficit of face, arm and leg
  • homonymous hemianopia

higher cerebral dysfunction ( eg aphasia, neglect)

78
Q

Ventricular septal defect (VSD)

A

Small hole between the ventricles of the heart

79
Q

VTE (Venous thrombosis embolism)

A

A venous thrombus is a blood clot that forms within a vein

80
Q

Visual Neglect

A

Neglect of portion of the visual field in addition to or in the absence of a visual deficit.

stroke terms (1 decks)

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