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DMA > Abbreviations > Flashcards

Abbreviations Flashcards

1
Q

DFD

A

Displaced Frame Difference or residual signal in motion estimation. Difference between current frame and the Motion compensated prediction (MCP) or displaced frame (DF) (H8)

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2
Q

MCP

A

Motion-compensated prediction frame differencing (FD). Instead of just using the reference frame as a prediction, use a motion model and modify the reference frame content wrt motion information from ME. (H8)

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3
Q

BDM

A

Block distortion measure e.g. SAD or SSD. used to select the best motion vector by minimizing the residual distortion. (H8)

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4
Q

MVP

A

Motion Vector Prediction: exploits smoothness of motion field (spatial correlation) reduce coding overhead by predicting MVs and entropy coding the residual. (H8)

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5
Q

MRF-ME

A

Multiple Reference frame -Motion estimation: Must store multiple reference frames in reference memory and also signal which one is used. Can exploit longer term statistical dependencies. Also Hierarchical B prediction (H9)

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6
Q

DSCQS

A

Double Stimulus Continuous Quality Scale: measures how well the system under test performs relative to original (anchor). A & B shown after each other and multiple (2) times. Tester does not know which is the original. Rate the quality of both. (H10: Methodology of subjective test)

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7
Q

DSIS

A

Double Stimulus Impairment Scale: Pair is presented only once and the tester knows which clip is the anchor. Suited for more noticeable distortions and rate whether the distortions are perceptible. (H10: Methodology of subjective test)

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8
Q

ACR

A

Absolute Category Rating: single stimulus method, no anchor. Rate from bad to excellent. (H10: Methodology of subjective test)

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9
Q

CBR

A

Constant bitrate: Keep bitrate fixed at whatever the distortion cost. (H10: Rate Control)

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10
Q

VBR

A

Variable bitrate: Keep distortion fixed at whatever the bitrate cost. (H10: Rate Control)

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11
Q

DASH

A

Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP. Shows the quality that is permitted given the available bandwidth. CBR for segments (each 2-10s, segment is produced at equal bitrate) and VBR within a segment (I, B, P frames). (H10: Rate Control)

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12
Q

RDO

A

Rate Distortion Optimization (H10: Rate Control)

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13
Q

HRD

A

Hypothetical Reference Decoder: used in AVC and HEVC (H10: Rate Control)

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14
Q

ARQ

A

Automatic Repeat Request: packets are retransmitted if errors are detected. (H11)

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15
Q

FEC

A

FEC (Forward error correction) channel coding: extra bits are padded to the signal (fixed strength). (H11)

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16
Q

NALU

A

Network abstraction layer unit (H11)

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17
Q

PRF

A

Periodic Reference Frames (H11)

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18
Q

FMO

A

Flexible Macroblock Ordering: Slice structuring -> not necessarily consecutive macroblocks. (H11)

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19
Q

DP

A

Data Partitioning: split slice group in three NALUs (H11)

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20
Q

SVC

A

Scalable Video Coding (H11)

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21
Q

MDC

A

Multiple Description Coding SVC: number of independent ‘encodings’ or descriptions. (H11)

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22
Q

COTS

A

Commercial off the shelf: lowest unit cost through competition. (H12: Why use a standard)

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23
Q

ITU-T

A

International Telecommunications Union - Telecommunications (H12: Standardization unions)

24
Q

VCEG

A

Video Coding Experts Group: Part of ITU-T. (H12: Standardization unions)

25
Q

ISO/ IEC

A

International Standardization Organization and International Electrotechnical Commission. (H12: Standardization unions)

26
Q

MPEG

A

Moving Picture Experts Group: Part of ISO/IEC. (H12: Standardization unions)

27
Q

LA in MPEG LA

A

Licensing authority: administers patent licenses.

28
Q

CIF

A

Common Intermediate Format: 352 x 288 (H12)

29
Q

SPS

A

Sequence parameter set. containing all the sequence specific information (part of NALU). (H12)

30
Q

PPS

A

Picture parameter set. containing all information of a picture (part of NALU). (H12)

31
Q

IDR

A

Instantaneous Decoder Refresh = Closed-GOP random access. When I frame decoded, buffer will be flushed. (H12)

32
Q

CRA

A

Clean Random Access = Open-GOP random access. Can use frames of other GOPs as reference. (H12)

33
Q

RAP

A

Random Access Pictures, either CRA or IDR (H12)

34
Q

VPS

A

Video parameter set contains information about how the video is built. Temporal/spatial scalability layers. (H12)

35
Q

WPP

A

Wavefront Parallel processing (H12: Partitioning Pictures)

36
Q

CTU, CU, PU, TU

A

Coding tree/ Coding/ Prediction/ Transform unit (H12)

37
Q

AMVP

A

Advanced motion vector prediction: not only median is taken and additionally also merge mode. (H12)

38
Q

DF

A

Deblocking filter: removes sharp edges between TUs. (H12)

39
Q

SAO

A

Sample Adaptive Offset: applied after DF (H12)

40
Q

CABAC

A

Context adaptive binary arithmetic coding (H12)

41
Q

GDR

A

gradual decoder refresh additional to IDR and CRA (H12)

42
Q

GPM

A

Geometric partitioning mode in VVC. CU can be split into two parts split by 64 possible geometric partitions. (H12)

43
Q

MVD

A

Symmetric motion vector difference in VVC. Only signal MV of list 0 for B frame and derive the list 1 MV by assuming linear motion. (H12)

44
Q

DMVR

A

Decoder side motion vector refinement: Send initial MVs, the decoder searches for refined MV in the vicinity. Pick the MV candidate with lowest SAD to be the refined MV by calculating the distortion between the two candidate blocks. (H12)

45
Q

IBC

A

Intra-picture Block Copy

46
Q

SVC and SHVC

A

Scalable video coding extension in AVC and SHVC in HEVC. (H12)

47
Q

MVC

A

Multiview Video Coding (H12)

48
Q

PQ

A

Perceptual Quality: rethink how to represent luminance. There’s a lot of wasted precision when using 15 bits to cover the whole HDR. (H13)

49
Q

HDR

A

High Dynamic Range (H12)

50
Q

DoF

A

Degree of freedom (H13)

51
Q

ERP

A

Equi-rectangular projection (H13: 360 video)

52
Q

EAP

A

Equal Area projection (H13: 360 video)

53
Q

CMP

A

Cubemap projection (H13: 360 video)

54
Q

SSP

A

Segmented Sphere Projection (H13: 360 video)

55
Q

DIBR

A

depth image based rendering (H13: Light field)

56
Q

LPC

A

Lossless Predictive Coding: Previously seen, send lossless residual of the samples. (H14)

DMA (2 decks)

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