ABB Gen Knowledge

Question 1

The lab director is responsible for what three functions?

Answer 1

1) employing personnel who are competent to perform test procedures
2) recording and reporting test results promptly, accurately, and proficiently
3) assuring compliance with applicable regulations

Question 2

What is the equation for standard deviation

Answer 2

square root of sum (mean - X)squared over n-1

Question 3

Given the following data points: 3,7,7,19, calculate the SD

Answer 3

6.928

Question 4

What is the equation for coefficient of variation

Answer 4

CV = (SD/mean) x 100

Question 5

What are the confidence intervals for 1SD, 2SD, 3SD

Answer 5

1SD = 68%
2SD = 95%
3SD = 99.73%
6SD = 99.997%

Question 6

Given that the mean is 9.8 and the SD = 2, calculate the 95% confidence limits for the control

Answer 6

9.4 - 10.2

Question 7

What is the westguard rule for random error

Answer 7

1 3S

Question 8

What is the Westguard rule for systematic error

Answer 8

2 2S

Question 9

Define variance

Answer 9

Describes the factors that affect the measurement of an analyte

Question 10

How is reference range defined

Answer 10

range of values derived from a group of normal persons free from disease.
95% of the population of “normal” persons; mean +/- 2 SD

Question 11

Examples for chain-of-custody use

Answer 11

DUI
DOT drug test
Paternity testing
DNA analysis
Rape cases
Med Examiner cases
Transfer of embryos for IVF
Blood typing and cross match

Question 12

Procedure for specimen collection

Answer 12

Wear PPE
Obtain patient consent
Record date, time and initials of collector
Seal specimen with tamperproof security seal for COC

Question 13

Procedure for specimen receipt in lab

Answer 13

1) verify that specimen label matches requisition form
2) Log specimen (date,time,name, signature of handler) into the lab
3) Assess specimen integrity
4) Verify specimen acceptability
5) Store specimen in locked area until the specimen is processed for COC

Question 14

How many levels of controls are to be run each day of testing

Answer 14

At least 2

Question 15

How long are QC records kept for immunohematology vs a standard lab

Answer 15

Immunohema 6 yrs

Std 2 yrs

Question 16

Define trend

Answer 16

progressive drift or reported values from a prior mean or movement of values in one direction over six or more analytical runs. This can result from regent deterioration

Question 17

Westguard Rules are generally used with how many control measurements per run?

Answer 17

2 or 4, when 2 different control materials are measured 1 or 2 times

Question 18

What is a Z score

Answer 18

Also referred to as the standard deviation index and tells how many SDs a control result is from the mean. The equation is Result - mean over the SD

Question 19

Calculate the z score when the control result is 112, the control mean is 100, and the SD is 5

Answer 19

2.4

Question 20

An infectious substance is regulated as a hazardous material under what US DOT Hazardous Materials Regulation

Answer 20

HMR; 49 CFR parts 171-180

Question 21

List the four exceptions to the two tiered classification system for infectious substances

Answer 21

1) blood, blood plasma, and blood components collected for the purpose of blood transfusion
2) dried blood spots or specimens for fecal occult blood detection on absorbent paper
3) A Cat B when materials are transported by a private or contract carrier in a motor vehicle used exclusively to transport materials
4) patient specimens for which there is minimal likelihood that pathogens are present (exempt human specimens)

Question 22

List several examples of exempt human specimens

Answer 22

1) blood or urine tests to measure cholesterol,
2) blood glucose levels
3) hormone levels
4) prostate-specific antigens
5) pregnancy testing
6) drug/alcohol testing
7) cancer biopsies

Question 23

A shipper’s declaration is required for what category(s) of infectious substances?

Answer 23

A

Question 24

What is quality assurance?

Answer 24

A proactive process that identifies problems and the necessary corrective actions to resolve them

Question 25

What is the purpose of a quality assurance program?

Answer 25

1) assess and improve the reliability and efficiency of the lab
2) ensure that the highest possible quality of service is provided
3) Comply with regulatory requirements