ABA Lecture 1 and 2 Flashcards
Who was the father of behaviourism
John B. Watson
“Make what we can observe the real field of psychology”
who said this
John B. Watson
Definition of Environment
the entirety of the context in which
we exist in a given moment (e.g., your body, this
lecture theatre, the university)
Define Stimulus
Something we perceive or experience
Define Responce
An instance of behaviour
What is S-R psychology
Stimulus response
What aspect of behaviour did Skinner study in depth
A- Stimulus Response
B- The environments impact on behaviour
C- Social behaviour
B
Define Behaviourism
The philosophy of the science of behaviour
Define Mentalism
the assumption of an “inner” dimension that causes/mediates behavior
Example of radical behaviourism
believing that any action of man is mostly due to external factors and specifiable conditions, making behaviour predictable
Example of S-R psychology
Pavolvs dog
Explain Edward Thorndike’s Law of Effect
Examines the relationship between behaviour and its consequences
Named the Law of Effect because behaviour becomes more or less
likely based on the effect it has i.e., produces desirable or
undesirable consequences
Who defined the dimensions of ABA and therefore became the founding fathers of the discipline
Donald M. Baer, Montrose M. Wolf & Todd R.
Risley
What are the 7 dimensions of ABA
Generality,
Effective,
Technological,
Analytic,
Conceptually systematic,
Applied,
Behavioural
(GETACAB)
Purpose of Science
Description
Prediction
Control
Empiricism
Objective observation and measurement of the phenomena
Parsimoney
identifying the simplest and most accurate explanation for brain processes and human behaviours
What is science
A systematic approach to understanding natural phenomena
ABA as a science, definition
Science of behaviour change
What are the DV’s in ABA
the behaviours being changed
What are the IV’s in ABA
External factors functionally related to these behaviours
Define pragmatism
the utility of a concept
What is the focus of behavioural psychology
Meaningful change in measurable behaviours of social importance
what are the fur domains of behaviour analysis
- Radical Behaviourism
- Applied Behaviour Analysis
- Practice Guided by Behaviour Analysis
- Experimental Analysis of Behaviour
What is the goal of Radical Behaviourism
theoretical account of all behaviour consistent with existing data
Who developed the experimental analysis of behaviour
BF Skinner
Goal of experimental analysis of behaviour
discover, extend, and clarify the fundamental principles of behaviour
Goals of applied behaviour analysis
identifying the relationship between socially significant behaviour and the environment in order to develop strategies for meaningful behaviour change
Goal of practice guided behaviour change
improve people’s lives as a result of behaviour change
examples of practice guided by behaviour analysis
Behaviour support plans
group based learning programs
Training for other individual
what are the two main learning processes
Classical conditioning
operant conditioning
explain classical conditioning
previously neutral stimulus is paired with an unconditioned stimulus and after continuous pairing together the neutral stimulus on its own can elicit the same response
purpose of reflexive behaviours
Protection and Regulation
describe respondent extinction
conditioned reflex weakens if the conditioned stimulus is repeatedly presented in the absence of the unconditioned stimulus
what is operant behaviour
behaviour whose future frequency is determined primarily by its history of consequences
describe the ABC contingency in relation to operant behaviour
Antecedent> behaviour> consequence
3 contingencies of a behaviour
reinforcement, punishment and extinction
describe negative reinforcement
something is taken away from the environment contingent on a behaviour which increases the likelihood of it being repeated
what is 2 term contingencies
behaviour> consequence
3 term contingencies
Antecedent> Behaviour> Consequence
What is the antecedent
motivating factors to engage in behaviour
