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ABA > ABA exam 1 > Flashcards

ABA exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

description

A

facts that can be observed and described

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2
Q

prediction

A

repeated observation to know when the behavior usually happens.

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3
Q

control

A

can change things in the environment to change behavior.

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4
Q

determinism

A

behavior is lawful and predictable.

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5
Q

Experimentation

A

manipulating variables to explore relationships.

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6
Q

Empiricism

A

objective observation and measurement

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7
Q

Reliability

A

repetition of experiments or within experiments

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8
Q

Philosophical doubt

A

continued questioning or skepticism of fact

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9
Q

Parsimony

A

rule out simple explanations before increasing complexity.

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10
Q

Describe how the perspective of radical behaviorism explains behavior

A

Behavior is a function of environmental histories of reinforcing consequences.

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11
Q

behavior

A

anything an individual does when interacting with the physical environment, example- reading in your head.

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12
Q

response

A

a specific instance of behavior,
example-hitting head into wall out of anger

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13
Q

response class

A

group of responses with the same function,
example- running or walking.

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14
Q

stimulus

A

event or thing in the environment that affects behavior,
example-being around someone professional.

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15
Q

stimulus class

A

group of stimuli that share common elements,
example being apple bananas Kiwi all are fruits I can identify.

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16
Q

behaviorism

A

explains behavior by observable actions not thoughts of feelings.

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17
Q

experimental analysis of behavior

A

study of behavior to understand how environmental influences affect behavior.

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18
Q

applied behavioral analysis

A

addresses social significant questions and informs professional practice.

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19
Q

7 dimensions of applied behavioral analysis.

A

applied, behavioral, analytic, effective, generalizable, technological, conceptually systematic.

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20
Q

applied

A

meaningful action to another human life.

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21
Q

behavioral

A

behavior needs to be improved and can be observed and measured.

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22
Q

analytic

A

establish functional relationship between variables.

23
Q

effective

A

behavior change is at a practical level.

24
Q

generalizable

A

behavior changes in all other situations and last across time

25
Q

technological

A

whatever has been done can be described well enough for others to understand and replicate.

26
Q

conceptually systematic

A

the intervention can be tied back to the behavioral principles.

27
Q

Describe the primary advantage of and potential biases from using humans as observers to collect data.

A

Benefits- adapt to novel environments easily, greater flexibility.
Downfalls-time and effort, errors and biases

28
Q

different methods of recording

A

permanent product, momentary time sampling, whole interval recording, partial interval recording

29
Q

Permanent product

A

measuring behavior after it has occurred by measuring its effects on the environment.

30
Q

Momentary time sampling

A

record if the behavior is occurring at the end of the interval.

31
Q

Whole interval recording

A

and at end of interval record if behavior occurred for the entire interval

32
Q

Partial interval recording

A

at end of interval record if behavior occurred at any time during interval

33
Q

Partial interval recording disadvantages

A

may overestimate long duration behavior or underestimate high-rate behavior,
use brief intervals

34
Q

Whole interval recording disadvantages

A

not effective for very short frequent behavior, has rick of underestimation, brief intervals.

35
Q

dimensions of behavior

A

count, rate, topography, duration, latency, inter-response time

36
Q

Count

A

the number of responses emitted during an observation.
A student answering a certain number of questions they were given

37
Q

Rate

A

ratio of count per observation period.
Number of responses per minute

38
Q

Topography

A

shape or form of a behavior
Being judged based on how a gymnasts form looks during their routines

39
Q

Duration

A

amount of time a behavior occurs.
Amount of time spent reading or studying

40
Q

Latency

A

measure of lapsed time between onset of stimulus and initiation of ours had
Reducing the amount of time between when arriving at the gym and actually started working out

41
Q

Inter-response time

A

amount of time that elapses between 2 consecutive instances of a response class
Recording how much time passes between period where a child wanders away from their location

42
Q

Calculate interobserver agreement data (IOA) and determine whether the value you calculate is acceptable by research standards

A

Two or more observers collecting data independently and coming together in the end to check the similarities in their data.
Interval= intervals agreed (A)/ Total # Intervals (A+D)
80% acceptable but 90% preferred

43
Q

What is indicated on the horizontal (x) axis

A

time

44
Q

What is indicated on the vertical (y) axis.

A

behavior

45
Q

The reasons for establishing a baseline.

A

Gives information on where the learner is before any intervention is implemented.

46
Q

The four typical baseline data patterns.

A

Stable, ascending, variable, descending.

47
Q

What condition labels should indicate.

A

The baseline and intervention

48
Q

The rule for connecting data points within and across conditions.

A

Do not connect data points if: points fall on either side of a condition change line

49
Q

The three fundamental components of visual inspection in single-case experimental designs.

A

Trend, level, variability

50
Q

The danger of averaging data

A

Make sure to always look at the individual data before you average to have a better understanding.

51
Q

AB

A

weakest of all single subject designs, consists of two conditions (baseline, intervention) is practical and easy to use but isn’t always clear as to if change is due to intervention.

52
Q

ABA reversal

A

same as AB but reverses back to baseline in the end. Can clearly show functional relationship but is irreversible and can cause social and ethical concerns.

53
Q

Multiple Baselines

A

multiple A-B designs and is the most widely used design. Highly flexible and is ideal for changing multiple behaviors but can require withholding treatments for long periods of time. Staggers intervention of three people and those peoples date only increases when they receive intervention.

54
Q

Changing Criterion

A

involves a systematically manipulated criteria, not intended to change target behavior rapidly and is not good for life threatening behaviors. Small changes across time

ABA (1 decks)

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