Ab Spectrum Quiz Flashcards
Penicillins
Penicillin V
Penicillin G
Coverage for Penicillins
Surfers hand Y
Streptococcus (Pyrogenes, Viridans &some Pneumo), Treponema palidium (SYPHILIS),
some staph
Enterococcus faecalis
Very little N. meningitidis
Drug of choice for Syphilis
Penicillin G
Antistaphylococal Penicillins
Nafcillin
Dicloxacillin
There is added protection here against beta-lactamases to enhance staphylococcal coverage
Antistaphylococcal Penicillins have coverage for…
BABY SHARK HAND
MSSA (Staph Aureus)
Staph epi
Streptococcus (S. pneumoniae, pyogenes)
NOT ACTIVE AGAINST MRSA, ENTEROCOCCI, ANAEROBES
Nafcillin
Nafcil
Antistaphylococcal Penicillin
AmiNOpenicillins
Ampicillin
Amoxicillin
Aminopenicillin coverage…
LEFT HAND L
E. faecalis
PCN resistant S. Pneumo
S. pyogenes
N. meningitidis
H. Influenzae
HEN PEKS
H. Influenzae Enterobacter aerogenes N. meningitidis Proteus mirabilis E.Coli Klebsiella Serratia marcescens
Ampicillin is DOC for…
E. faecalis
Aminopenicillins are 1st line for…
Otitis media
and DOC for endocarditis prophylaxis
Aminopenicillins + Beta Lactamase Inhibitors are different from just Aminopenicillins because…
Gram Neg (HEN PEKS), with added Anaerobic coverage, and MSSA
Aminopenicillins +Beta Lactamase Inhibitors
Ampicillin/sulbactam
Amoxicillin/clavulanate
Amoxicillin/clavulanate Brand Name…
Augmentin
Ampicillin/sulbactam Brand name…
Unasyn
Aminopenicillins+Beta Lactamase Inhibitor coverage…
HEN PEKS Bacteroides fragilis Staph aureus(MSSA) S.Pneumoniae S. Pyogenes Enterococcus
Ampicillin/sulbactam is a great drug to tx..
Enterococcus
Piperacillin/Tazobactam Class
Antipseudomonal PCN + B lactamase inhibitor
Piperacillin/Tazobactam Brand
Zosyn
Piperacillin/Tazobactam coverage…
Covers everything except E. faecium & MRSA
PRIMARILY USED FOR PSEUDAMONAS
Really important Tx for MRSA…
Vancomycin
The ONLY Cephalosporin to cover MRSA…
Ceftaroline
TEFLARO
1st Generation Cephalosporins cover mostly…
Gram Positives
2nd Gen Cephs cover mostly…
GPs with few GNs
3rd Gen Cephs cover..
Mainly GNs
Ceftazidime covers Pseudos
4th Gen Cephs cover…
Mainly GNs
Cefepime covers Pseudos
1st Generation Cephalosporins…
Cefazolin
Cephalexin
Cefadroxil
1st gen Ceph coverage….
MSSA
Staph
Strep
Very little coverage:
Proteus
E. Coli
Klebsiella
3 fingers
Cefazolin is mostly used for….
Pre-Op Prophylaxis
2nd Generation Cephs…
Cefuroxime Cefoxitin Cefotetan Cefprozil Cefaclor
2nd gen cephs that have activity against Anaerobes..
Cefotetan
Cefoxitin are both active against B.fragilis
TAN FOX**
2nd Gen Cephs “Claim to Fame”
H. Influenza
Coverage of 2nd Gen Cephs…
4 finger S. pyogenes S. Pneumoniaa MSSA H.Influenza N. Meningitidis P. mirabilis E. coli Klebsiella spp.
2nd Gen TAN FOX coverage…
5 fingers
Expanded to include Anaerobe–> B. fragilis
Cefotetan Brand Name and Class…
Cefotan
2nd gen ceph
Cefoxitin Brand name and Class…
Mefoxin
2nd gen ceph
3rd Gen Cephs…
Cefotaxime
Ceftriaxone
Ceftazidime
Ceftazidime/Avibactam
Cefixime Ceftibuten Cefditoren Cefpodoxime Cefdinir
3rd Gen Ceph coverage…
5 fingers S.Pneumoniae S. Pyogenes MSSA Enterobacter spp H. influenza N. meningitidis Proteus mirabilis E.coli Klebsiella Serratia
Ceftriaxone Brand and class…
Rocephin
3rd gen ceph
Good BBB tx for meningitis
Ceftazidime Brand and class…
Fortaz
- Different from the other 3rd gens because it covers Pseudomonas
- Very little GPC
CAPES Bacteria
Citrobacter Acinetobacter Pseudomonas Enterobactr Serratia
Ceftazidime/avibactam coverage…
Pseudomonas
CAPES
-Loses most of GPC
3rd gen ceph
Ceftazidime ALONE is good for Pseudomonas as well
Ceftriaxone is DOC for..
gonorrhea
4th generation Cephs…
Cefepime
Cefepime coverage…
5 fingers, no faecalis, no MRSA, no anaerobes
Streps, MSSA, PEKS, N.Meningitidis, H.influenza, Enterobacter spp Pseudomonas CAPES *Acinetobacter*
5th gen cephs…
Ceftaroline
Ceftolozan/Tazobactam
Ceftaroline Brand…
Teflaro
Ceftolozan/Tazobactam Brand…
Zerbaxa
Ceftaroline coverage…
5 finger
Including MRSA
Not including Faecalis
Ceftolozane/tazobactam coverage…
Strep
PSEUDOMONAS
And more
Which Cephs cover Pseudomonas??
CeftaziDIME
CeftaziDIME/avibactam
CefePIME
CeftoloZANE (w/or w/o Tazobacatm)
Monobactam class contain..
Aztreonam
Monobactams coverage…
NO GPC
All GN, including Pseudo
HENPEKS & Pseudo
Carbapenems…
Impinem/cilastatin
Ertapenem
Meropenem
Meropenem/Vabobactam
Carbapenems coverage…
6 fingers!
NO MRSA
All carbapenems have Pseudo coverage except…
Ertapenem
Carbapenems cover SO much but they don’t include
VRE, MRSA, or LMC
Ertapenem is different from the others in its class because it doesn’t cover…
E. faecalis, or Pseudo
Vancomycin class & brand…
Glycopeptide
VANCOCIN
Vancomycin coverage..
ALL GPC Especially Staph (MRSA) Strep Enterococci Corynebacterium C. Difficile
Telavancin class and brand…
Lipoglycopeptide
VIBATIV
Telavancin coverage…
MSSA
MRSA
Strep
Vanco-resistance F. faecalis
Daptomycin class and brand…
Cyclic Lipopeptide
CUBICIN
Dapto coverage…
GPC
Staph (MRSA AND VRSA)
Entercoccie INCLUDING FAECALIS AND FAECIUM
Doesn’t treat Pneumonia
Class that has really good AtYpical coverage…
Macrolides
Erythromycin
Clarithromycin
Azithromycin
Fidaxomicin
Oral macrolide for C.diff ONLY
Fidaxomicin
DIFICID
Macrolide coverage…
MSSA S. Pneumoniae S. viridans &pyogenes Listeria Haemophilus H. flu M.catarrhalis Bordetella Neisseria Shigella
IMPORTANT
Legionella
Chamydia
Mycoplasma
Azithromycin Brand
Zithromax
Macrolide
Clarithromycin
Biaxin
Macrolide
Erythromycin
E.E.S
Macrolide
Aminoglycosides…
Amikacin Tobramycin Gentamicin Streptomycin Neomycin Plazomicin
Aminoglycoside coverage…
Gram+ Staph Gram- Pseudo Proteus Serratia
Tetracyclines…
Tetracycline
Doxycycline
Minocycline
Minocycline brand and coverage info….
Minocin
DOC CA-MRSA
Tetracycline coverage…
MSSA Strep Enterococci Nocardia Bacillus Propionibacterium
haemophilus
Moraxella
chlamydia
ATYPICALS Spirochetes Rickettsiae Bacillus anthracis Treponema pallidum
Glycyclcline coverage…
BROAD Most streps MSSA MRSA* VRE
H.flu
Klebsiella
Clostridium
Bacteroides
Chlamydia
Legionella
Mycoplasma
Oxazolidinone class
Linezolid
Tezolid
Linezolid & Tezolid coverage…
Similar to Vanc
MRSA**
S pneumo
VRE*
Quinolones class
Ciprofloxacin
Levofloxacin
Moxifloxacin
Quinolones coverage….
E faecalis
Strep
MSSA
Listeria
H. flu
Moraxella
Neisseria
PSEUDO
Chlamydia
Legionella
Mycoplasma
Quinolones with enhanced activtiy against strep pneumo and atypicals….
Moxi
Gemi
Levo
Quinolone for MRSA
Delafloxacin
Important sulfonamide
Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim
Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim brand
Bactrim
Bactrim coverage…
Most GPC MRSA CA-MRSA Strep no GAS Listeria Nocardia
Stenotrophomonas Haemophilus Proteus E.coli Klebsiella Enterobacter Shigella Salmonella
Toxoplasmosis parasite
Important Lincosamide..
CLINDAMYCIN
Clindamycin coverage…
Strep & Staph
CA-MRSA
Anaerobes like B FRAGILIS*
Clindamycin brand name
Cleocin
Metronidazole mainly covers..
C. Diff
Protozoa (giardiasis, gardnerella, amebiasis, trichomonas)
Fidaxomicin
Dificid
Approved tx for C. Difficile
Dificid
Nitrofurantoin description
Urinary Antiseptic
ONLY for lower UTI tx
Nitrofurantoin coverage…
S. aureus
Enterococcus VRE
E. coli
Klebsielle
Enterobacter