Aaqib Abbas Flashcards
What is enoxaparin and its action?
Low molecular-weight heparin. Enoxaparin is used to prevent and treat deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism. Enoxaparin binds to and accelerates the activity of antithrombin III.
What are the nursing considerations for enoxaparin
- 8 rights
- Allergy check
- Rotate sc injection areas
- Low-molecular-weight heparins are not interchangeable
What is Metoprolol tartrate and its action?
Metopolol is a cardioselective beta blocker that works by binding to the beta 1 adrenoceptor, and blocking the effects of the hormone adrenaline. This then allows for reduction of cardiac output and myocardial oxygen demand, which therefore reducing BP.
What are the nursing considerations for Metoprolol tartrate
- 8 rights
- allergy check
- Check blood pressure and hr, if below 60 and 100 do not give
- monitor weight for fluid retention
- Strict fluid balance chart
What is aspirin and its action?
NSAID
Cox inhibitor, mostly cox-1. This mean it inhibits thromboxane or platelet aggregation and therefore works as a blood thinner. It also decreases pain, inflammation, and fever.
What are the nursing considerations for aspirin
- 8 rights
- Allergy check
- Take on full stomach
- Liver enzyme monitoring
- Monitor bp if taken with antihypertensives
What is Digoxin and its action?
Cardiac glycoside
Used for atrial fibrillation and heart failure. It increases the force of the heartbeat and decreases the heart rate. Digoxin increases the force of contraction of the muscle of the heart by inhibiting the activity of an enzyme (ATPase)
What are the nursing considerations for Digoxin
- 8 rights
- Allergy check
- Correct hypokalemia and renal factors before beginning as it can cause toxicity
What is Atorvastatin and its action?
STATINS (HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitor)
STATINS reversibly inhibit HMG-CoA-reductase reducing cholesterol synthesis and increasing the number of liver LDL receptors, thereby reducing LDL concentration.
What are the nursing considerations for Atorvastatin
- Monitor Serum lipid levels
- Liver function test
- Assess for any muscle pain
- Monitor for therapeutic effectiveness
What is Potassium chloride and its action?
Used to prevent hypokalemia. Potassium is essential for the function of the heart, muscles, kidneys, nerves, and digestive system. Low potassium levels can cause heart rhythm problems
What are the nursing considerations for Potassium chloride
- 8 rights
- Allergy check
- Monitor ecg, serum electrolytes
- Report immediately if GI symptoms
- Correct dehydration before beginning
What is Citalopram and its action?
Citalopram is used to treat depression. Citalopram is known as a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI). Therefore it selectively inhibits the reuptake of serotonin prolonging the serotonin action.
What are the nursing considerations for Citalopram
- 8 RIGHTS
- Allergies?
- Caution use with those with pre-existing slow heart rate, bleeding disorders, diabetes
- Monitor patient for changes in behaviour
- Monitor kidney and liver function
What is oxycodone used for and what is the action
Opioid.
Binds to specific opioid receptors on the mu, delta and kappa in the brain.
What are the nursing considerations for oxycodone
- Correctly stored
- 8 rights
- Check for allergies
- Monitor patient for respiratory depression
- Monitor bowels and urine
- Monitor for effectiveness
What is Aaqibs medical history
- Hypertension
- Hyperlipidemia
- Atrial Fibrillation (AF)
- Depression
- Insomnia
What did the CT show on Aaqibs brain?
Right Cerebral Infarct.
What symptoms were Aaqib displaying
Aaqib has significant left-sided hemiparesis (weakness), a very weak swallowing reflex and verbal communication impairment.
What is a cerebral infraction
A cerebral infarction is an area of necrotic tissue in the brain resulting from a blockage or narrowing in the arteries supplying blood and oxygen to the brain.
What is a TIA?
Transient ischemic attack - Mini stroke
A transient ischaemic attack happens when the blood supply to your brain is blocked temporarily. If the blockage clears and the blood supply starts again, the brain gets the oxygen and nutrients it needs and the signs disappear. This makes a TIA different to a stroke, where the brain cells die and your brain is permanently damaged.
What is an Ischemic Stroke
A stroke that is caused by a blood clot
What is a Hemorrhagic Stroke
A hemorrhagic stroke is either a brain aneurysm burst or a weakened blood vessel leak. Blood spills into or around the brain and creates swelling and pressure, damaging cells and tissue in the brain
What is a Cerebrovascular accident (CVA)
Stroke - Damage to the brain from interruption of its blood supply.
What does PEG stand for?
Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy
Why do patients get PEGs instead of NG tubes?
Because some patients require it long term so a PEG feed is better for permanency
How would you evaluate the effectiveness of outcomes, actions and ongoing care?
- Translator
- H2H
- Social worker
- Physio referral
- He goes to rehab and gains his strength
- Control blood thinners and hyperlipidemia m
What are normal potassium levels
3.5-5 millimoles/L
What is TPN
Total Parenteral Nutrition:
is the feeding of specialist nutritional products to a person intravenousl
What is a Hemorrhagic Stroke
When weakened blood vessels rupture. Usually from uncontrolled blood pressure
What are some complications of a CVL
Using artery instead of vein
Pneumothorax
Heart arrhythmia
What do you do for the TPN CVL line
- Always use white lumen
- Sterile gloves, gown
- Clean lumen for 10-20 sec
- Ensure line has filter and only one port
What do you do with CVL lines
Flush every lumen each shift
Change dressing weekly
