AANEM Monograph: NEE Flashcards
Information provided by NEE
confirm dx. exclude mimics, identify unrecognized, localize, severity, pathophysiology, prognosticate
NEE technique
pull skin, insert needle (resting), withdraw to sub q then antigravity with insertion ID units morphology (duration/polyphasia/duraiton) recruitment (occ to interference pattern)
When should you quantitate
for mild/early processes
Coagulopathy avoid
diaphragm, TA, iliopsoas,fpl, pull skin avoid <30k plat
6 firing patterns
regular (<1% variation) - regular no change - regular with exponential change - irregular - semi rhythm (10% variation) - bursts
Origins: single fiber firing alone
endplate, fibs ( spike/psw), myotonic)
Origins: single fiber firing in groups
insertional - CRDS
Origin: Motor unit - individual spont
fasciculation - neuromyotonic - myoclonus - dystronia - stiffman
Origin: Motor unit - bursts spont
myokmic - synkinesis - termor - hemifacial spasm
Origin: voluntary
motor unit potentials
6 factors affecting Motor unit morphology morphology and synchrony
Reinnervation - collateral sprouting - loss of fibers - fiber splitting - atrophy - fiber regeneration
Recruitment frequency in limb and cranial
limb - 7-10 hz
cranial 16hz
Poor activation reasons
UMN, Pain, cooperation, strong muscle, two joint muscles (gastroc)
Goal rise time
When looking at 1-4 MUAPs note the
rise time < .6ms - duration (5-15ms) - polyphasia <5 - amplitude <20 - 200 microv - stability(MMAV)
increased insertional activity
> 200ms, seen in denervation and mytonic disorders
fibrillation potentials reflect
muscle fiber diameter
Main categories associated with fibrillation potentials
LMN - NMJ - Myopathies - muscle trauma
disease associated with myotonic potentials
myopathy with or without clinical myotnia and neurogenic disorders
CRDS usually indicated
chronic neurogenic, myopathic, normal in iliopsoas and biceps
ALS: fascics without fibs =
not sufficient for dx
situations associated with fascics
hyperthyroid, mestinon , normal in BFS, cramp fasciculation syndrome, neurogenic
neurotonic discharge
interoperative nerve irritation
2 situations for synkinesis
bell’s - arm-diaphragm
First change in a neurogenic lesion
reduced recruitment
4 situations that cause long duration MUAPs
increased fiber density, fiber number, loss of synchrony, collateral sprouting, reinnervation
diseases causing long duration MUAPs
chronic neurogenic, myopathies
diseases causing short duration
myopathy - nmj - early reinnervation or late stage atrophy - periodic paralysis
diseases causing unstable MUAPs
NMJ, neurogenic (reinnervation/progressive) - inflammatory myopathies
MUAPS in tremor fire in ___.
groups
Patterns: Normal recruitment with short duration polyphasic MUAPs
with variation - severe NMJs occ primary myopathies -
without variation - primary myopathies
Patterns: normal recruitment and normal muaps
normal and some metabolic myopathies
Patterns: reduced mixed durations
chronic myopathies - no variation in acute neurogenic but subacute there can be
Patterns: Reduced short duration polyphasic
without variation severe myopathy, end stage neurogenic disorder
with variation early/ongoing reinnervation
Patterns: Reduced long duration polyphasic
chronic neurogenic or if variation then ongoing neurogenic lesion
Patterns: Reduced mixed durations
rapid neurogenic lesion
Patterns: Rapid recruitment
instability except for mild myopathies - long duration in chronic myopathies short duration in all other myopthies.