AAFP Flashcards
kid has proteinuria, what should next step to evaluate be?
protein/creatinine ratio to determine if true proteinuria
what can cause benign proteinuria?
exercise
what should you do for adult with dementia who has been on antipsychotic and is now stable?
taper them off
what should you do for patient traveling to country with high TB rate?
test before and test 8 weeks after the trip
what advice can you give someone who is worried about contracting travelers diarrhea?
azithromycin if they start to experience diarrhea while traveling
what can you give for motion sickness?
transdermal scopolamine
what is pityriasis rosea associated with in pregnancy?
spontaneous abortion
what should first lab in primary care workup of infertility be?
luteal phase progesterone
a patient with ileal crohns that is having diarrhea, is likely caused by what?
bile acid increased in poop
how do you treat diarrhea in patient with ileal crohns?
cholestyramine
what treatment improved quality of life from tinnitus?
CBT
if a kid has lice can they go to school?
yes
what is first step in work up of hemoptysis?
Chest radiograph to rule out obvious lesions
kid has newlydiagnosed HTN, what should you check?
BMP, lipids, and urinalysis
what is an eval that should be done yearly in patients with asymptomatic sarcoidosis?
ocular
what four drugs increase life expectancy after an ACS event?
aspirin, ACE inhib, beta block, statin
what angle is worrisome in scoliosis?
20 degree Cobb angle
when should you prescribe naloxone?
if morphine equivalent is 50+
what are levels of phosphorus and PTH in patients with CKD?
high phos and high PTH
why is phosphate high in CKD?
because cannot be excreted well
what is fasting blood glucose goal in gesttional DM?
<95
what NSAID is not associated with cardiovascular risk?
naproxen
why do NSAIDs increase risk of cardiovascular issues?
elevate BP due to salt and water retention
if patient is on high dose steroids, what should they receive to help prevent osteoporosis?
bisphosphonate
what should be done for scaphoid fracture?
thumb spica splint and follow up in 2 weeks
patient with a stemi should receive what before cath?
anti platelet and anticoagulatn
how long should aspiring and clopidogrel be continued after stint placement?
at least a year
what should be measured to determine severity of pancreatitis?
hematocrit, BUN and creatinine because will show volume depletion
if patient with sickle cell develops diabetes, how should you monitor sugar control?
fructosamine level
what is first line therapy of dequervians tenosynovitis?
thumb splint and NSAIDs for 1-4 weeks
what is most common cause of HTN in pre adolescents?
interstitial kidney diseases
if HTN in pre adolescent, what should be done to work up?
renal US
which seizure med increases risk of kidney stones?
topiramate
what is treatment of non displaced 5th metatarsal fracture?
compressive dressing with activity and weight bearing as tolerated
what is the rule about HPV vaccines?
if given one before 15 then only need two, if first is after 15 then need 3
if patient with a fib cannot tolerate anticoagulation, are they a candidate for ablation?
no because have to be anticoag before and after surgery
what is an indication to ablate a fib?
if a fib is refractory to medical treatment
what is first line abx rx for cat bite?
augmentin
what is leading cause of human death worldwide?
ischemic heart diseas
what is considered stage 1 sarcoidosis?
asymptomatic with hilar lymphadenopathy
what is course of stage 1 sarcoid?
typically self resolves
what should be done for patient with stage 1 sarcoid?
repeat imaging in 6 months at follow up
what is treatment of wollf parkinson white?
ablation
up to what age should kids get two flu doses if it is their first?
8 years, can be either quad or tri
what is a FABER test? when is it positive?
flexion, abduction and external rotation. Positive with SI joint dysfxn
how long should patient be anticoagulated after having a DVT/PE?
3 months
what decreases hospitalizations in patients with COPD?
written self management plans for smoking cessation
what happens to levels of TSH and t4 in pregnancy?
tsh low and T4 elevated
how often should breast cancer survivor have mammogram?
no more than yearly
where should injection be placed for patient with rotator cuff tendonitis?
subacromial space
what abx are given to patients with really bad CAP in ICU?
ceftriaxone or ampicillin with a macrolide
aside from abx what else should be given to patient with bad CAP in ICU?
steroids
will thyroid uptake radioactive iodine in postpartum thyoiditis?
NO only in graves disease
aside from classic migraine meds, what other medication can help abort a migraine if patient cannot get rid of it with triptans?
IM promethazine (anti nausea meds), metoclopramide works too
what should be done for a solar lentigene that is growing oddly?
biopsy
what should patients at high risk of preeclampsia be on after 12weeks gestation?
baby aspirin
what imaging is preferred for calcaneal stress fracture?
MRI
a patient with asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis should be on what? and should have what imaging done?
statin, yearly US
what is rx of eosinophilic esophagitis?
oral suspension steroids
what is rx of head lice?
topical permethrin
aside from permethrin what else should be done to prevent head lice worsening/spreading?
wash everything in hot water or seal in plastic bag
a non solid ground glass appearance of lung lesion is concerning for what?
lung cancer
what antidepressant can be tried for insomnia?
doxepin
what Z drug is best for insomnia?
eszopiclone
what two diabetes classes promote weight loss?
SGLT2 inhibitors and GLP1 agonist
what imaging modality should be used if worried about mesenteric ischemia?
CT angio
what is management of dislocated shoulder?
immobilization for 1+ week
what should patient with shoulder dislocation do while they are immbolized? why?
gentle ROM exercises to limit risk of adhesive capsulitis
what are first two options for rate control in a fib?
beta blocker and calcium channel blocker (diltiazem/verapamil)
what is contraindication to using beta blocker in patient with a fib?
COPD
in females, what is greatest risk factor for developing DM?
GDM, then obesity
define subclinical hypothyroidism
normal T4 with high TSH
what should be done for subclinical hypothyroidism?
re measure tsh in a couple months
what bug causes cellulitis after puncture through rubber?
pseudomonas
what abx for puncture wound through rubber that has caused cellulitis?
ciprofloxacin
what length of time does a firm mobile non tender lymph node become worrisome for cancer?
beyond 4-6 weeks
if patient below 50 has family history of breast cancer, what should initial step be to assess for risk?
familial risk stratification
when do you start mammos?
50 years
what should you do for patient with hypoechoic testicle mass?
refer to urology
when should overweight patients be screened for DM?
40 years to 70 years,
what is microscopic colitis? who gets it?
elderly adults, leads to secretory watery diarrhea that is intermittent
what changes to meals should patients make after bariatric surgery?
no water with meals or before/after for 15 minutes
what should patients have monitored after bariatric surgery? how often?
bone density every 2 years
what can cause pseuodhyponatremia?
extreme hyperlipidemia
what imaging modality for suspected nephrolithiasis?
low dose helical CT
patient with history of gastric bypass has iron deficiency anemia, what should you do?
give IV iron replacement because cannot absorb iron well with bypass history
if patient is taking oxy and you want to know if it is in their system and UDS is negative, what can you do?
get chromatography
what opiates show up on UDS?
heroin, codeine and morphine
HHV6 is known as what? what does rash look like?
roseola infantum…rash is maculopapular on trunk and extremities
at what age should females with AUB be evaluated for endometrial cancer?
45+
what is a jones fracture?
proximal fifth metatarsal metadiaphyseal fracture
