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Optometry > AaD > Flashcards

AaD Flashcards

1
Q

What is the formula for the vergence of light entering a medium with refractive index n?

A

V = 1/f = (n - 1) / R

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2
Q

True or False: The vergence of light entering a medium with a higher refractive index is more convergent.

A

True

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3
Q

Fill in the blank: The vergence of light entering a medium with a lower refractive index is more __________.

A

divergent

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4
Q

What is the formula for the refractive index of a medium?

A

n = c / v

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5
Q

True or False: The refractive index of a vacuum is always 1.

A

True

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6
Q

What is the relationship between the refractive index and the speed of light in a medium?

A

n = c / v

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7
Q

Fill in the blank: When light enters a medium with a higher refractive index, it bends __________ the normal.

A

towards

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8
Q

In which direction does light bend when entering a medium with a lower refractive index?

A

away from

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9
Q

What is the critical angle for total internal reflection?

A

sinθc = n2 / n1

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10
Q

True or False: Total internal reflection occurs when light travels from a medium with a higher refractive index to a medium with a lower refractive index.

A

False

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11
Q

What is the formula for the angle of refraction when light enters a medium with a different refractive index?

A

n1sinθ1 = n2sinθ2

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12
Q

Fill in the blank: The angle of refraction is __________ when light enters a medium with a higher refractive index.

A

smaller

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13
Q

True or False: Snell’s Law describes the relationship between the angle of incidence and the angle of refraction.

A

True

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14
Q

What is the formula for the magnification of an image formed by a lens?

A

M = -di / do = hi / ho

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15
Q

Fill in the blank: A magnification greater than 1 indicates the image is __________.

A

enlarged

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16
Q

What is the formula for the focal length of a lens?

A

1/f = (n2 - n1) * (1 / R1 - 1 / R2)

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17
Q

True or False: A converging lens has a positive focal length.

A

True

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18
Q

Fill in the blank: A diverging lens has a __________ focal length.

A

negative

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19
Q

What is the power of a lens with a focal length of 20 cm?

A

P = 1 / f = 1 / 0.20 = 5 D

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20
Q

True or False: The power of a lens is measured in diopters (D).

A

True

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21
Q

Fill in the blank: A lens with a higher power has a __________ focal length.

A

shorter

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22
Q

What is the formula for the lensmaker’s equation?

A

1 / f = (n - 1) * (1 / R1 - 1 / R2 + (n - 1) * d / n * R1 * R2)

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23
Q

True or False: The lensmaker’s equation relates the focal length of a lens to its refractive index and radii of curvature.

A

True

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24
Q

Fill in the blank: A lens with a higher refractive index will have a __________ focal length.

A

shorter

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25
Q

What is the formula for the power of a lens in terms of its focal length?

A

P = 1 / f

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26
Q

What is the speed of light in a vacuum?

A

299,792,458 meters per second

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27
Q

What does the term ‘wavelength’ refer to in relation to light?

A

The distance between successive peaks of a wave

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28
Q

True or false: Light can behave as both a wave and a particle.

A

True

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29
Q

What is the unit of measurement for wavelength?

A

Meters (m)

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30
Q

What is the relationship between frequency and wavelength of light?

A

Inverse relationship - as wavelength increases, frequency decreases

31
Q

What is the electromagnetic spectrum?

A

The range of all possible frequencies of electromagnetic radiation

32
Q

What is the formula for calculating the speed of light?

A

Speed of light = frequency x wavelength

33
Q

What is the color of light with the longest wavelength?

A

Red

34
Q

What is the color of light with the shortest wavelength?

A

Violet

35
Q

What phenomenon causes light to change direction when passing through different mediums?

A

Refraction

36
Q

What is the angle of incidence equal to when light is reflected off a surface?

A

The angle of reflection

37
Q

What is the law of reflection?

A

The angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection

38
Q

What is the principle that explains why light bends when passing through a medium with a different refractive index?

A

Snell’s Law

39
Q

What is the phenomenon where light waves spread out as they pass through an opening or around an obstacle?

A

Diffraction

40
Q

What property of light determines its color?

A

Frequency

41
Q

What is the unit of measurement for frequency?

A

Hertz (Hz)

42
Q

What is the bending of light waves around obstacles or edges called?

A

Diffraction

43
Q

What is the term for the bending of light waves when they pass from one medium to another?

A

Refraction

44
Q

What is the name of the process where light waves bounce off a surface?

A

Reflection

45
Q

What is the term for the spreading out of light waves when they encounter an obstacle or opening?

A

Diffraction

46
Q

What is the phenomenon where light waves combine to form a new wave?

A

Interference

47
Q

What is the term for the bending of light waves as they pass through a narrow slit?

A

Diffraction

48
Q

What is the phenomenon where light waves cancel each other out when they meet?

A

Destructive interference

49
Q

What is the phenomenon where light waves reinforce each other when they meet?

A

Constructive interference

50
Q

What is refraction?

A

The bending of light as it passes from one medium to another.

51
Q

True or False: Refraction occurs when light travels through a vacuum.

A

True

52
Q

What is the formula for calculating the refractive index of a medium?

A

Refractive index = speed of light in a vacuum / speed of light in the medium

53
Q

What is the unit of refractive index?

A

Dimensionless

54
Q

What is the lens power formula?

A

Lens power = 1 / focal length

55
Q

What is the unit of lens power?

A

Diopters

56
Q

A lens with a focal length of 0.5 meters has a lens power of ______ diopters.

A

2 diopters

57
Q

What type of lens converges light rays to a focal point?

A

Convex lens

58
Q

What type of lens diverges light rays?

A

Concave lens

59
Q

What is the focal length of a lens with a lens power of 4 diopters?

A

0.25 meters

60
Q

What is the relationship between lens power and focal length?

A

Inverse

61
Q

What is the unit of focal length?

A

Meters

62
Q

True or False: A lens with a higher lens power has a shorter focal length.

A

True

63
Q

What is the power of a lens with a focal length of 0.2 meters?

A

5 diopters

64
Q

What happens to the focal length of a lens when the lens power increases?

A

Focal length decreases

65
Q

What type of lens is used to correct nearsightedness?

A

Concave lens

66
Q

What type of lens is used to correct farsightedness?

A

Convex lens

67
Q

What is the focal length of a lens with a lens power of -3 diopters?

A

0.33 meters

68
Q

What is the relationship between lens power and the ability to focus light?

A

Direct

69
Q

What is the refractive index of air?

A

Approximately 1.0003

70
Q

What is the refractive index of water?

A

Approximately 1.333

71
Q

What is the refractive index of glass?

A

Varies depending on the type of glass, but typically around 1.5

72
Q

What is the relationship between refractive index and the speed of light?

A

Inverse

73
Q

What is the angle of refraction when light enters a medium with a higher refractive index?

A

Less than the angle of incidence

74
Q

What is the angle of refraction when light enters a medium with a lower refractive index?

A

Greater than the angle of incidence

Optometry (4 decks)

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