Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

AAC > AAC Components > Flashcards

AAC Components Flashcards

1
Q

FOUR COMPONENTS OF AAC

A

Symbols, Aids, Techniques, Strategies (SATS)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Representation of the idea through unaided and/or aided means

A

Symbols

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Assistive devices or means to transmit and/or receive messages

A

Aids (Device)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Productivity and efficiency of message transmission

A

Strategies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Access and choices of messages

A

Techniques

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

represents something else by association, resemblance, or convention

A

Symbols

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

something else is termed the ____ and might include vocabulary concepts such as people, actions, objects, places, descriptors, questions, social words, and so on.

A

Referent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Symbols that the human body can produce (i.e, gestures, signs, finger spelling, etc.)

A

Unaided Symbols

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Symbols that needs external tools to produce messages

A

Aided Symbols

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Symbols that needs external tools to produce messages

A

Aided Symbols

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the Unaided Symbols?

A

Gestures, Eye-gaze related symbols or messages, Manual Sign, Natural speech and vocalization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the aided symbols

A

Object and object symbols, Graphic Symbols

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Perceptual Characteristics of Aided Symbols

A

Complexity, Perceptual Distinctness, Degree of Ambiguity, Size

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

referred to the number of semantic elements or sophistication of the graphic symbol

A

Complexity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Degree to which a symbol seems obviously different and distinct from others within a given symbol corpus

A

Perceptual Distinctness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Number of concepts a single symbol can represent

A

Degree of Ambiguity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Vocabulary size refers to the size of the original lexicon the symbol corpus represents

A

Size

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Refers to the degree to which an individual perceives the relationship between a symbol and its referent

A

Iconicity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

refers to the continuum that describes symbols by ease of recognition

A

Iconicity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

○ Highly guessable symbols given that it is visually representable to its referent
○ meanings are readily available

A

Transparent Icons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

○ Less apparent
○ Needs more information for decoding

A

Translucent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

symbol that is not readily obvious to the user even when the additional information is provided

A

Opaque

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

3 attributes of Aided Symbols

A

Linguistic Capacity, Physical, and Design Attribute

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What are the linguistic capacity of Aided symbols

A

Nonlinguistic
Prelinguistic Transitionary
Prelinguistic Symbolic
Linguistic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What are the Physical Attributes if Aided Symbols

A

Acoustic, Two-dimensional, Animated, Three-dimensional

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What are the Designs attribute of Aided Symbols

A

Object, Picture, Line Drawing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Symbols that do not possess any inherent linguistic characteristics

A

Nonlinguistic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

More defined but unsophisticated linguistic characteristic in the form of internal logic

A

(Prelinguistic) Transitionary Symbol System

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Inherent Linguistic characteristics with limitation in the form of internal logic

A

Prelinguistic Symbol Set

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Unlimited communication is possible

A

Linguistic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Symbols produced a synthetic speech through speech-generating devices (SGDs)

A

Acoustic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Object-based symbols

A

3 dimensional

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Object-based symbols

A

3 dimensional

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Symbols that require movement to assist in conveying meaning

A

Animated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Symbols categorized as static (i.e., those that do not include movement) and kinetic (i.e., those in which movement or animation is one their key elements)

A

Two Dimensional

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Also referred as symbol groups due to its little to no inherent characteristics

A

Aided Symbols: Nonlinguistic Symbols

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

● Limited expansion capabilities
● Limited internal logic

A

Aided Symbols: Nonlinguistic Symbols

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

First aided AAC approach used with infants and older beginning communicators who have developmental disabilities

A

(1) Real Objects: First aided AAC approach used with infants and older beginning communicators who have developmental disabilities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Careful selection to the potential communicator’s impairments and abilities (i.e., size and tactile similarity)

A

(2) Miniature Objects:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

part of the referent that share the same features

A

Partial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

related to the referent

A

associated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

uses concrete or “tangible” symbols

A

Tangible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

2 dimensional

A

Photograph
Emoji
Generic Line
Drawing Clipart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

Lower-level pre-linguistic symbols with rudimentary internal logic

A

Aided Symbols: Prelinguistic Symbol Sets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

a visual language system organized semantically with strategies for picturing concepts with categories having common shapes and colors

A

Dynasms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

learned by people with cognitive and/or other disabilities.

A

Imagine Symbols

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

flexibly customizable, interactive, and highly stimulating, allowing for a range of human computer user interactions available by design in association with each icon

A

Lingraphica Concept-Images:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

aim was to develop a symbol corpus that was free of cost, and in fact, these symbols are free to use based on the creative commons license terms.

A

Mulberry Symbols

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

initially created focusing on helping people with aphasia

A

Participics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

● Not as comprehensive in allowing symbol users to communicate freely
● More defined and more structured but unsophisticated linguistic characteristic in the form of internal logic
● Design attributes are almost always line drawings

A

Aided Symbols: Prelinguistic Transitionary Symbol Sets
Aided Symbols: Prelinguistic Transitionary Symbol Sets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

black line drawing easy to interpret as they look like that they represent and can be easily drawn on white boards with

A

Makaton

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

one of the most commonly used aided symbol sets in the world, as the developers have kept up with the latest technology over the decades.

A

Picture Communication Symbols

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

the user learns the rules that govern the symbols so knowledge can be applied to understanding novel symbols.

A

Widgit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

sophisticated level of aided symbols due to their sophisticated and comprehensive internal logic that allows virtually unlimited expansion capability, that is, there are no limitations in terms of creating new symbols

A

Aided Symbols: Linguistic Symbols

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

Example of Linguistic Aided Symbols

A

Alphabet Based Boards, Phonetic Based Boards, Line Drawing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

POTENTIAL ISSUES WITH AIDED SYMBOLS

A

Polysemy, Sequentiality , Intrinsic Factors, Iconicity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

Symbols that the human can produce

Symbols that requires does NOT need aid or assistive communication device to display and transmit message

A

Unaided

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

Symbolization of Unaided

A

Nonsymbolic, Transitional, Symbolic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

Design Attribute of Unaided

A

Phonetic/Phonemic based, Alphabet based, Gestural , Sign Language, Vocalization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q
  • Idiosyncratic gestures/ vocalizations
  • Responsibility for communicative interaction rests with the partner
  • May demonstrate little overt behavior
  • needs more context
A

Non-symbolic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
61
Q
  • Conventional gestures/ vocalizations
  • Concrete symbolic
  • Three-dimensional objects
  • No context, More conventional
A

Transitional

62
Q
  • Conventional verbalizations
  • Abstract Symbolic
  • Traditional orthographics
A

Symbolic

63
Q

T or F Importance of CONTEXT diminishes as you move from non-symbolic to symbolic

A

True

64
Q

T or F Magnitude of PARTNER’S role diminishes as you move from non-symbolic to symbolic

A

True

65
Q

T or F CONVENTIONALITY increases as you move from non-symbolic to symbolic

A

True

66
Q

● Also referred as presymbolic symbols
● Symbols: Hold less meaning
● Idiosyncratic actions, movements, actions, movements,and/or sound

A

Unaided Symbols: Nonlinguistic Symbols

67
Q

any behavior that another person interprets as meaningful and may include a range of behaviors, such as changes in respiration, body movement, vocalization, eye gaze, facial expression, and/or problem behavior

A

Potential Communicative Acts

68
Q

Actions produced primarily with the fingers, hands, and arms but can include facial features and full body movements

A

Gestures

69
Q

McNeill’s Gesture Development (1992)

A

Beats, Iconics, Methaphorics, Cohesive, Deictics

70
Q

hands move along with the rhythm of speech

A

Beats

71
Q

hands depict some visual aspect of what the speaker talks about

A

Iconics

72
Q

hands depict an abstract idea (e.g., spreading the arms to indicate the concept of “large”

A

Metaphorics

73
Q

hands move to indicate a repetition or continuity, e.g., half-circular movements to indicate “AND THEN”.

A

Cohesive

74
Q

familiar pointing

A

Diectics

75
Q

Involves the representational thinking skill—the ability to hold an image of something in mind when the person, place, object, or activity is removed in space and/or time

A

Unaided Symbols: Linguistic Symbols

76
Q

manual sign and speech was intended to make spoken language structures more visually transparent, and hence, easier for deaf children to understand and acquire

A

Simultaneous Communication

77
Q

○ Key word sign is mostly design as a telegraphic manual signing
○ Example: “Mama is drinking water” ⇒ sign “mama drink water”

A

Key Word Sign

78
Q

to develop a person’s spoken output in combination with other AAC support
Used in multimodal communication

A

Makaton

79
Q

same with key word signing, mas simplified lang

A

Manual Simplified Sign

80
Q

Cued Speech

A

Phonemic or Phonetic Based Symbols

81
Q

POTENTIAL ISSUES WITH UNAIDED SYMBOLS

A

Motor Ability and Control, Visual Access to gesture/manual signs, Cultural considerations, Iconcity

82
Q

how to categorize aids?

A

low tech or high tech

83
Q

unaided communication system

A

Communication modality that does not require any external equipment (DAFonte, 2019, p. 129)

84
Q

Considered as the most sophisticated AAC technology

A

AIDED COMMUNICATION: Speech Generating Devices

85
Q

An AAC device or piece of equipment that is designed specifically to operate as a communication aid

A

Dedicated devices

86
Q

allows for use as a traditional computer complete with internet access and software apps that perform tasks unrelated to the production of speech

A

Integrated Devices

87
Q

Access and choices of messages

A

Techniques

88
Q

Types of Vocabularies

A

Content Words
Function Words
Personalized Vocabulary

89
Q

Words that carry the main meaning of the utterance

A

Content Words

90
Q

Words that provide structure to our sentences

A

Function Words

91
Q

Vocabulary words and messages that are specific or unique to the individual

A

Personalized Vocabulary

92
Q

Words that are relatively common and relatively frequently used by a variety of individuals in different situations

A

Core Vocabulary

93
Q

There are words that will occur only in relation to specific activities, contexts, places, topics, and demographic groups

A

Function Words

94
Q

How are you planning to get vocabularies for nonliterate?

A

Primarily aims to meet their daily, ongoing, functional communication needs in a variety of environments.

95
Q

Vocabulary selection for preliterate individuals

A

get coverage and developmental vocabulary

96
Q

Vocabulary that is needed to communicate essential messages as coverage vocabulary because it contains words and messages that are necessary to cover an individual’s essential communication needs

A

Coverage Vocabulary

97
Q

Vocabulary to support their language development

A

Developmental Vocabulary

98
Q

Vocabulary Selection for Literate Individuals

A

Timing Enhancement, Message Acceleration, Fatigue Reduction, Social Media

99
Q

Messages that have important timing equipments (time-sensitive messages) are usually stored and retrieved in their entirety

A

Timing Enhancement

100
Q

words or messages that occur so frequently and are so lengthy that the use of an encoding strategy is used for retrieval

A

Message Acceleration

101
Q

VOCABULARY SELECTION RESOURCES AND TOOLS

A

Case history taking
Academic-related materials
Interests and Activities
Blank sheet method
Autobiographical Materials
Environmental or Ecological Inventories
Vocabulary checklist

102
Q

HOW ARE WE GOING TO ORGANIZE THE AAC VOCABULARIES?

A

Setting Priorities
Language Models in AAC Technology
Communication Diaries

103
Q

these symbols are then organized in rows and columns in a grid pattern

A

Grid Displays

104
Q

When we have a picture na hindi gumagalaw ang grid display it

A

Static Grid Display

105
Q

feature na may categories (e.g. people, activities, feelings)

A

Dynamic Grid Display

106
Q

Semantic-syntactic grid displays organize symbols based on the parts of speech

A

Fitzgerald Key

107
Q

Why is it important to organize the grid display?

A

Easier to locate the words they need to use
Not only does it help the patient identify the icon itself, it can also facilitate grammar and syntax

108
Q

referred as activity grid display

A

ORGANIZATION OF VOCABULARY SCHEMATIC

109
Q

Arrangement of symbols on separate pages by events, activities, or routines (Drager et al., 2003; Gevarter et al., 2014)

A

organization of vocabulary schematic

110
Q

Organization of symbols through generic categories (called taxonomic arrangement)

A

Organization of vocabulary taxnomic

111
Q

Organization of symbols through chronological sequence of event

A

Organization of Vocabulary Chronological

112
Q

Organization of vocabulary with the intended focus of increasing functional communication

A

Organization of vocabulary pragmatic organization dynamic displays

113
Q

Can be combination of taxonomic and activity play grid

A

Organization of vocabulary pragmatic organization dynamic displays

114
Q

Display is based on the internal color of the symbol

A

Clustered Display

115
Q

Symbols are dispersed without specific format and sequence

A

distributed display

116
Q

Combination of visual scenes along with one of the various grid layout

A

Hybrid Display

117
Q

Alphabetically arranged

A

Alphabetical Display

118
Q

Vocabulary concepts are organized according to the activities, routines, and events with which these concepts are learned and used.

A

VIsual Scene Display

119
Q

When do you think it is applicable to use Visual Scene Displays?

A

not yet literate, low cognitive load

120
Q

Message Formulation can be

A

pre stored messages, letter by letter, word by word

121
Q

Access techniques

A

Scanning, Direct Selection

122
Q

would require multiple steps for activation.

A

Scanning

123
Q

INDIRECT SELECTION METHOD

A

Circular, Linear Scanning, Group-Item Scanning

124
Q

INDIRECT SELECTION CONTROL TECHNIQUES

A

Directed (Inverse) Scanning, Step Scanning, Automatic (Regular or Interrupted) Scanning

125
Q

Also known as linear method
Can be automated (lilipat every 2-3 secs) or manual

A

Linear Scanning

126
Q

Identify group of representations and eliminate options

A

Group-Item Scanning

127
Q

Cursor moves when the user activates the device; selection will happen when the device (i.e. switch) is released

A

Directed (inverse) scanning

128
Q

One to one correspondence of cursor movement and switch movement and switch activation; selection happens when you stop activating the device

A

Step scanning

129
Q

Cursor moves automatically; selection happens when you press the device (i.e. switch)

A

Automatic (Regular or Interrupted) Scanning

130
Q

A time-sampled replication of actual human speech

A

Digitized voice output

131
Q

Translate the user’s input (choosing letters, words, or symbols) into computer-generated speech generated speech

A

Synthesized Voice output

132
Q

User has direct control over and access to the communication that is used

A

Direct Selection

133
Q

DIRECT SELECTION METHOD:

A

Physical Contact, Physical Pressure or Depression, Pointing (No Contact), Speech Recognition

134
Q

DIRECT SELECTION ACTIVATION STRATEGIES:

A

Timed activation, Release activation, Filtered or Averaged Activation

135
Q

Identification of the item on display and sustain contact with a predetermined time for activation

A

Timed Activitation

136
Q

Identification of an item on display, sustain contact with a predetermined time for activation, and selection happens after you release the symbol

A

Release activation

137
Q

Activation through selection of the general area of the item, instead of the item itself

A

Filtered or Averaged Activation

138
Q

three primary purposes of strategies:

A

To enhance message timing
To assist grammatical formulation of messages
To enhance communication rates

139
Q

A strategy that is often used to increase access to vocabulary and to improve communication rate

A

Encoding

140
Q

Abbreviation of words according to the first few letters

A

Truncation

141
Q

Inclusion of the most salient letters

A

Contraction Codes

142
Q

ENCODING OF SENTENCES AND PHRASES

A

Salient letter and Letter category codes

143
Q

Initial letters of the salient words are used for encoding

A

Salient Letter Codes

144
Q

First letter refers to the category folder
Second letter refers to the specific messages

A

Letter Category

145
Q

A popular encoding technique that utilizes iconic codes, specifically combinations of symbols (line drawings)

A

MINSPEAK OR SEMANTIC COMPACTION

146
Q

involves a dynamic retrieval process in which options are offered to an individual with complex communication needs according to the portion of a word or message that has already been formulated.

A

Prediction

147
Q

Message construction can be supported using statistical and syntactic knowledge of written language to predict (anticipate) the next character/word/phrase

A

Language Prediction

148
Q

Predicted words can be listed below the cursor, or can be displayed in a window above the keyboards

A

Word Prediction

149
Q

Storing whole phrases, sentences, and paragraphs in AAC systems, which can be made available to the person using prediction based on the context-appropriate prediction and rules of pragmatics or by structuring the content appropriately.

A

Message Prediction

150
Q

ENCODING OF SINGLE WORDS

A

Truncation and Contraction

151
Q

3 types of prediction

A

Language, word, and message

AAC (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions