AAC 1 Flashcards by allie jankowski

AAC

refers to an area of research, clinical and educational practice. AAC involves attempts to study and when necessary compensate for temporary or permanent impairments, activity limitations, and participation restrictions of persons with severe disorders of speech-language production and/or comprehension, including spoken and written modes of communication

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rehabilitation

intervention strategies that help someone who has an acquired disability regain capability

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habilitation

intervention strategies that assist to develop a capability for the 1st time.

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A competent AAC usesr…

Portray a positive self-image

Show interest in others and draws others into the interaction.

Actively participate and take turns in a symmetrical fashion.

Be responsive to their communication partners.

Put their partner at ease with their AAC system

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linguistic competence

having receptive and expressive language…aac user must understand language of the system

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operational competence

technical skills needed to operate the system efficiently….as facilitator need to be able to program it and teach it

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social competence

skills of social interaction such as initiating, developing, and terminating communication interactions

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strategic competence

involves the compensatory strategies used by people who rely on AAC to deal with functional limitations w/ AAC…“strategies you have for your limitations”

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device abandonment

when AAC users stop using AAC….why? frustrated, sick of always needing help

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multimodal

we need to think of other modalities for our users

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vocabulary

stack of words used by a particular person

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vocabulary should be….

reinforcing and motivating to the user
-functional
-used frequently and regularly
-indvidualized
-flexible
include a wide range of items and communication functions
-responsive to changing needs and circumstances
-arranged differently depending on user and listener needs and abilities

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greetings-message of conversation

essential for initiating social interaction

Influences: age related, gender related, social status issues

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small talk-message of conversation

type of conversational exchange for initiating and maintaing conversational exchanges
-Purpose: a means of transitioning between greetings and informational sharing stage

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generic small talk- message of conversation

can be used across different conversational patterns

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information sharing: Story telling-message of conversation

to teach, entertain, social closeness

first person stories: the individual experienced
second person-those they have learned from others through listening
official stories-used to teach a lessor or explain something
fantasy-made up

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Procedural Descriptions-message of conversation

detailed information about processes or procedures, rich in detail, sequential

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content specific conversations-message of conversation

informational give and take, not scripted, vocabulary varies

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Wrap up remarks-message of conversation

desire to intiate or end the interaction

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vocabulary selection for preliterate individuals: Coverage vocabulary

vocabulary to communicate essential messages, covers communicating basic needs, dependent on the communication needs organized by context, can be organized into levels or themes(SGD)

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Vocabulary selection for preliterate individuals: developmental vocabulary

selected for the development of language and vocabulary growth, consists of a variety of nouns, verbs, adjectives, prepositions
common in children: i/no/yes/yeh/want/it/that/my/you/more

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vocabulary selction for nonliterate individuals

unable to spell on a letter to letter basis
-message selected from a functional basis rather than developmental perspective
symbols for vocabulary
-goal to expand their words and concepts rather than increasing their use of complex synthetics forms

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vocabulary for literate individuals

able to do letter by letter and word by word spelling or retrieval of messages

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core vocabulary

commonly used vocabulary used by a variety of individuals

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fringe vocabulary

vocal words and messages specific or unique to the individual -How to collect: informants, intial vocab(high interest, high frequency, range of semantic and pragmatic functions

symbol

something that stands for or represents something else

symbol set

a set of symbols that are close din nature, it could be clinician produce or consist of purchased symbol books. it cab be expanded-no clearly defined rules for expansion

symbol set

a symbol system includes rules or a logic for the development of symbols not already represented in the system

symbol collection

a miscellaneous assortment of symbols-could be a collection of symbols taken from a single source or a combination of sources

inconicity

universal, easily understood

transparent symbols

easy to distinguish

translucent

open to some interpretations, requires additiontional information for understanding (sillohuette)

opaque symbols

symbol and meaning are not understood

peg symbols

not easy to figure out, have to have training!

aided symbols

use communication system to expand ...needs something outside your body to help

unaided

manual signs can be used alone or in combination with speech

Gestures

unaided-gross and fine body movements, facial expressions, eye behaviors and postures

emblems-

unaided-gestural behavior that can be defined and can be used without speech to convey a message. high agreement on the meaning. (head shake=no)

illustrators

unaided-nonverbal behaviors that accompany speech and illustrate what is being said. (point to chair-->sit down)

affect displays

unaided-facial expressions or body movements that display emotional states...happiness, suprise

regulators

unaided-nonverbal behavior that maintains and regulars conversational speaking and listening between 2 or more people (head nods, eye contact)

adaptors

unaided-learned behaviors that a person generally uses more often when he or she is alone. adaptors are not intentional used for communication...may trigger speech

what are some of the considerations for the use of manual signs?

intelligiblity, key points, iconicity (high iconic signs are easier to read and learn), motor complexity(associated with sign development)

total communication

manual signs and speech, usually in the context of a telegraphic or key word signing approach. --combined manual sign plus speech intervention is more effective in establishing production or comprehension skill than either mode taught seperately

tangible symbols

aided-real objects associated with the referent

miniature objects

aided-smaller than the referent nd may be difficult for students with cognitive disabilities

partial objects

aided-part of an object may stand for the referent

texture symbols

aided-may be logical or arbitrarily associated, visually impaired

rate enhancement

increasing rate of communication | -normal convo rate 150-250 wpm, arc user less than 2-8 wpm

encoding

rate enhancement technique-any technique in which multiple signals are put together to specify a desired message

alpha(letter encoding)

truncation codes first few letters (comm=communication)

alphanumeric word codes

both letters and numbers for words (comm3=community)

letter category words

word codes--F=fruit

numeric coding

45=house

morse cod

dots and dashes

semantic compaction

different icons with different meanings

salient letter encoding

OD=open door please

alphanumeric encoding

G-greeting G1-how are you

iconic encoding

sematic compaction

color encoding

eye gaze